Nurs 200 - Exam 2 - Chapter 44: Bowel Elimination
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Self-designed quiz based on Chapter 44 (Bowel Elimination) from Fundamentals of Nursing textbook. In cases with multiple correct answers, select the BEST answer.
- 1.______ cause pink to red to black stools
- 2.The primary organ of bowel elimination is...
- A.
Small intestine
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Rectum
- D.
Large Intestine
- 3.The gastrointestinal tract is also known as...
- 4.True or False: The ileocecal (aka ileocolic) valve is the connection between the ileum of the small intesitne and the large intestine
- 5.The large intestine in adults is approximately how long?
- A.
2 ft
- B.
4 ft
- C.
5 ft
- D.
7 ft
- E.
12 ft
- 6.The _____ is the first part of the large intestine
- 7.From the cecum, the digestive contects travel through the colon, which consists of several segments. Cecum --> _____ colon ---> ______ _____ (turn) ---> _____ colon ---> _____ _____ (turn) ---> ____ colon --> _____ colon
- 8.The colon is enervated by the _________ nervous system
- 9.Which of the following is true
- A.
The sympathetic nervous system promotes movements relating to bowel
- B.
The parasympathetic nervous system inhibits movements relating to bowel
- C.
Peristalsis is the contractions of circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestine and occur every 3 to 12 minutes
- D.
Hemorrhoids are if the arteries in the rectum become abnormally distended
- 10.Which of the following is the definition of intestinal gas?
- A.
Flatulence
- B.
Fart
- C.
Flatus
- D.
Fleetus
- 11.Which sphincter is under conscious/voluntary control?
- 12.What refers to the emptying of te large intestine?
- A.
Defecation
- B.
Stool
- C.
Bowel movement
- D.
A and C
- E.
All of the above
- 13.Which of the following is not a muscle used to create pressure in aiding in defecation?
- A.
Thigh muscles
- B.
Abdominal muscles
- C.
Diaphragm
- D.
Pectoral muscles
- 14.What is the term used to descibe the technique of "bearing down" when passing a bowel movement?
- A.
Valsalva maneuver
- B.
Hemorrhoids
- C.
Defecation
- D.
Bowel elimination
- 15.Is the stool from formula milk or breast milk more likely to be brown?
- 16.Which of the following is true?
- A.
Breast-fed infants usually pass 1-2 stools per day
- B.
Bottle-fed infants usually pass 2-10 stools per day
- C.
Daytime bowel control is normally attained by 30 months
- D.
Psychological maturity is the first priority for successful bowel training
- 17.At what age are the internal and external anal sphincters fully developed, leading to the voluntary control of defecation?
- A.
12-26 months
- B.
30 months
- C.
18-30 months
- D.
28 months
- E.
18-24 months
- 18.Which of the following accurately describe constipation?
- A.
Changes in place can lead to consitpation
- B.
When the feces remain in the rectum, water is reabsorbed, makming the stool hard
- C.
Constipation is often a chronic problem for older adults
- D.
Dietary manipulation is the initial treatment for constipation
- E.
All of the above
- 19.______ foods increase the bulk in fecal material. Bulkier feces increase pressure on the intestinal wall, which serves as a stiimulus for peristalsis.
- 20.Alcohol and coffee have a...
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing effect
- D.
It depends
- 21.Chocolate has a....
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing effect
- D.
It depends
- 22.Certain fruits and vegetables and bran have a...
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing effect
- D.
It depends
- 23.Medication with the potential to cause gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g. anticoagulants, aspirin, etc) may cause the stool to appear:
- A.
Black
- B.
Pink
- C.
Red
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 24.What type of medication may result in a white discoloration or speckling of stool?
- 25.In what order should one perform an abdominal assessment?
- A.
Auscultation, inspection, percussion, palpation
- B.
Percussion, palpation, auscultation, inspection
- C.
Inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation
- D.
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
- E.
Inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation
- 26.A typical range for bowel sounds is 5 - ___ per minute, depending on the rate of peristalsis.
- 27.Bowel sounds are descibed as audibl, inaudible, ______, _______.
- 28.When optaining a stool specimen, observe _________ aspetic techniques.
- 29.______ in stool is blood that his hidden in the specimen or cannot be seen on gross examination. Can be deteced with simple screening tests.
- 30.What colour stool intdicate upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as from a peptic ulcer.
- 31.Bright-red blood in stool is an indicator of __________ bleeding, such as from _________ or polyps.
- A.
Upper gastrointestinal; peptic ulcer
- B.
Lower gastrointestinal; peptic ulcer
- C.
Upper gastrointestinal; hemorrhoids
- D.
Lower gastrointestinal; hemorrhoids
- E.
Upper gastrointestinal; hernia
- 32.When preserving a specimen en-route to the laboratory, the most efficient method is:
- A.
Preservatives
- B.
Heat
- C.
Refrigeration
- D.
Freezing
- E.
Putting the specimen on ice
- 33._________ is the visual examination of the large intestine from the anus to the ileocecal valve. Extending from the _______ to the ______
- 34._______ is the direct visual examination of body organs or cavities.
- 35.________ is the visual examination fo the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the anal canal.
- 36._________ is the visual examination of the esophagus, the stomach, and the duodenum.
- A.
Duodenoscopy
- B.
Complete endoscopy
- C.
Esophagealscopy
- D.
Gastroesophogealscopy
- E.
None of the above
- 37.What is used to visualize gastrointestinal structures and reveal any inflammation, ulcers, tumours, strictures, or other lesions.
- 38.___ ____ ___ tests are used to detect gastrointestinal bleeding
- 39.What type of examination is useful in also obtaining a biopsy tissue sample?
- 40.When seating a patient in bed to use a bed pan, situate the head of the bed between ____ and ____ degrees.
- A.
30; 90
- B.
30; 45
- C.
45; 90
- D.
45; 55
- E.
30; 55
- 41.To promote regular defecation, ______ to ______ mL intake and a _____ ______ diet intake is recommended.
- 42.A patiet that is on ____ ____ who takes constipating medication (such as ______ and anticholinergics) are at high risk for constipation
- 43.Patients with reduced _____ or ______ in their diets are at high risk for constipations.
- 44.Which psychological condition makes patients at high risk for constipation?
- 45.Patients with ________ ________ _______ diseases or local lesions that cause pain, are at high risk for constipation
- 46.Increasing fiber intake without drinking enough fluids can lead to a ________ ________
- 47.__________ are drugs that induce emptying of the intestinal tract, and have a stronger effect on the intesties than do its similar counterpart.
- 48.________ is a type drug used to empty the intestinal tract in preparation for surgery or diagnositc tests.
- 49.The most common cause of chronic constipation is the habitual use of ________
- 50.__________ is the passage of excessively liquid, ______ stools.
- 51.Diarrhea is a _________ response with the cause is irritants in the intestinal tract.
- 52.After diarrhea stops, suggest the intake of fermented pdairy products, such as ________ or __________, to promote the return of normal bowel flora.
- 53.When having diarrhea, if oral intake is possible, the patient should be advised to avoid: highly spiced foods, _____ fruits and vegetables, rich foods, especially _______, and _______ foods.
- 54.With acute diarrhea, antidirraheal ages are avoided/encouraged
- 55.__________ is the ecessive formation of gasses in the stomach or intestines.
- 56.When flatulence is not expelled but accumulates in the intestinal tract, the condition is referred to as ______ ______ or _______.
- 57.If ambulation does not relieve flatulence, the physican may order a _______ _____ to be inserted. This helps to stimulate ____ and provide a massageway for the escape of flatus.
- 58.The three types of enemas are:
- 59.True or false: Cleansing enemas are prescribed to expel flatus
- 60.Which of the following is a reason for using a cleansing enema:
- A.
Help establish regular bowel function during bowel training
- B.
Relieve constipation
- C.
Relieve fecal impaction
- D.
Promote vizualization of the intestinal tract by radiographic or instrument examination
- E.
All of the above
- 61.The most common types of solutions used for cleansing enemas are: tap water (________ solution), normal saline solution (_______ solution), soap solution, and ________ solution.
- 62.Hypotonic and isotonic enemas are
- A.
Large volume enemas that result in slow colonic emptying.
- B.
Large volume enemas that result in rapid colonic emptying.
- C.
Small volume enemas that result in slow colonic emptying.
- D.
Small volume enemas that result in rapid colonic emptying
- 63.Hypertonic solution preparations are available commercially and are administered in _______ volumes
- 64.True or false: Hypertonic enemas are in larger doses than hypotonic enemas
- 65._______ are retained in the bowel for a prolonged period of time
- 66.A _____ _____, or ______ _____, enema is occasionally prescribed to expel flatus
- 67.A Fleet enema is a:
- 68.A ______ is a conical or oval solid substance shaped for easy insertion into a body cavity and designed to melt at body temperature.
- 69.What is the prolonged retention or an accumulation of fecal material that forms a hardened mass in the rectum, that prevents the passage of normal stools.
- 70.Which of the following is a sign of fecal impaction?
- A.
Liquid fecal seepage with passage of normal feces
- B.
Solid fecal seepage
- C.
Constipation
- D.
Liquid fecal seepage with no passage of normal feces
- E.
None of the above
- 71.What is the inability of the anal sphincter or control the discharge of recal and gaseous material.
- 72.Bowel incontinence can be due to:
- A.
Mental illness
- B.
Overuse of laxitives
- C.
Organic disease
- D.
A and C
- E.
B and C
- 73.True or False:The difference between fecal impaction and constipation is that constipation is slow moving stool who's water is reabsorbed by the body. Fecal impaction on the other hand is stool that is "stuck"
- 74.A fecal incontience ____ is a device that can be secured around the anal opening and is attached to gravity drainage, allowing liquid stool (diarrhea) to accumulate in a collection bag
- 75.Which of the following is false about bowel training programs?
- A.
For patients with a history of chornic constipation
- B.
Affects themes within the patients control
- C.
Can involve food and drink
- D.
Time for defecation is to be taken into consideration
- E.
None of the above
- 76.What is the term used for a surgically formed opening from the inside of an organ to the outside
- 77.What is the part of the ostomy that is attached to the skin?
- 78.What allows liquid fecal contents from the small intestine to be eliminated through the stoma?
- 79.A ____ permits forced feces in the large intestine to exti through the stoma.
- 80.A colostomy in the mid-right side of abdomen is what kind of colostomy?
- 81.A colostomy in the lower-center (slightly to the left) of the abdomen suggests what kind of colostomy?
- 82.An ostomy in which no matter reaches the colon is known as a:
- 83.A stomy on the center-left side of the abdmoment suggests a:
- 84.Which of the following is not normal in a stoma:
- A.
Dark pink colour
- B.
Redness
- C.
Bleeding
- D.
Moist
- E.
None of the above
- 85.A dark or purple-blue stoma may indicate compromised ____ or ischemia.
- 86.One can recommend______ _____ vegetables to patients with an ostomy to deoderize feces; this is due to ______ in the food.
- 87.Mass peristalsis sweeps occur ___ to ____ times every ____ hours
- 88.Onions have a
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing effect
- D.
It depends
- 89.Cabbage has a
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing effect
- D.
It depends
- 90.Cauliflower has a
- A.
Laxative effect
- B.
Constipating effect
- C.
Gas-producing efffect
- D.
It depends
- 91._____ _____ cause black stool and severe constipation
- 92.True or false: The order to scheduling diagnostic tests is: fecal occult blood tests, barium studies, endoscopic examination
- 93.Which of the following is not a type of direct visualization study
- A.
Upper gastrointestinal study
- B.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- C.
Colonoscopy
- D.
Sigmoidoscopy
- E.
Wireless capsule endoscopy
- 94.Which of the following is not an indirect visualization study
- A.
UGI
- B.
Small bowel series
- C.
Upper gastrointestinal study
- D.
Wireless capsule endoscopy
- E.
Barium enema
- 95.The methods of emptying the colon of feces are: enemas, rectal suppositories, digital removal of stool, and ______ _______
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