Being a microbiologist, you are supposed to work for the biology of microorganisms at both a molecular and cellular level, as well as their ecology, including viruses, bacteria, algae, archaea, fungi etc. But you have to be good at it right? This quiz is a tester for all microbiologists, take this exam and see if are you a good microbiologist.
Singlet Oxygen
Hydrogen Peroxide
Chlorous Acid
Hydroxyl Radical
Superoxide Anion
Hydroxyl Radical
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hypochlorous Acid
Superoxide Dismutase
Superoxide Anion
Water
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hypochlorous Acid
Ozone
Ozone
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hypochlorous Acid
Singlet Oxygen
NADPH
True
False
Nitric Oxide Dependent Killing
Oxygen Dependent Myeloperoxidase-Independent Killing
Oxygen Independent Killing
Oxygen Dependent Myeloperoxidase-Dependent Killing
All of the above
B, C, and D
The class (isotype) of antibody.
The site where antigen-antibody complexes are formed.
The participation of complement.
The participation of T cells.
Immunoglobulin light-chain isotype.
Immunoglobulin heavy-chain class.
Variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain.
Constant region of the immunoglobulin light chain.
Bacterial lysis.
Vascular permeability.
Phagocytosis of IgE-coated bacteria.
Aggregation of C4 and C2.
the ingestion of C3b-coated bacteria by macrophages
The destruction of complement in serum by heating at 56°C for 30 minutes.
The binding of complement components by antigen-antibody complexes.
the interaction of C3b with mast cells
B cells that can kill without complement
Cytotoxic T cells
Increased by immunization
Able to kill virus-infected cells without prior sensitization.
A humoral immune response has occurred.
A cell-mediated immune response has occurred
Both the T and B cell systems are functional
Only the B cell system is functional
IgE
Gamma Interferon
Class I MHC antigens
Class II MHC antigens
Enzymatic digestion of the cell membrane
Activation of adenylate cyclase
Insertion of complement proteins into the cell membrane
Inhibition of elongation factor 2
Ability to cross the placenta
Isotype (class)
Ability to fix complement
Affinity for antigen
It is unlikely that the patient has encountered this organism previously
The patient is predisposed to IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions
The information given is irrelevant to previous antigen exposure
It is likely that the patient has an autoimmune disease
Make antibody
Lyse virus infected target cells
Activate Cytotoxic T cells
Process antigen and present it
It can be administered orally
It provides antibody more rapidly
Antibody persists for a longer period
It contains primarily IgM
They are cell surface proteins on virtually all cells
They are recognition elements for cytotoxic T cells
They are codominantly expressed
They can utilize recombination to generate diversity
They are made of a long alpha chain and short beta chain
They have a high degree of polymorphism
They are involved in antigen presentation by macrophages
They have a binding site for CD4 proteins
Respiratory Burst mechanism
Lysozyme
Lactoferrin
Proteases
Paracrine Chemical Signal
Hormone
Autocrine Chemical Signal
Hormone
Neurotransmitter
Autocrine Chemical Signals
Paracrine Chemical Signals
Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Age of patient
Protein Structure
Size of molecule
Route of administration
All of the above are related to immunogenicity
Protein
Water
Polysaccharide
Cholesterol
Wait!
Here's an interesting quiz for you.