Microbiologist's Exam - Only The Best Can Pass

36 Questions | By Uncadf | Updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Attempts: 207

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Microbiologists Exam - Only The Best Can Pass - Quiz

Being a microbiologist, you are supposed to work for the biology of microorganisms at both a molecular and cellular level, as well as their ecology, including viruses, bacteria, algae, archaea, fungi etc. But you have to be good at it right? This quiz is a tester for all microbiologists, take this exam and see if are you a good microbiologist.

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of these is not a end-result (product) of oxygen-dependent myeloperoxidase-independent reactions?
- A.
  
  Singlet Oxygen
- B.
  
  Hydrogen Peroxide
- C.
  
  Chlorous Acid
- D.
  
  Hydroxyl Radical
- E.
  
  Superoxide Anion
2.

Which of these is an end-result (product) of oxygen-dependent myeloperoxidase-dependent reactions?
- A.
  
  Hydroxyl Radical
- B.
  
  Hydrochloric Acid
- C.
  
  Hydrogen Peroxide
- D.
  
  Hypochlorous Acid
- E.
  
  Superoxide Dismutase
3.

What is one product that oyxgen-dependent myeloperoxidase-dependent and myeloperoxidase-independent reactions share?
- A.
  
  Superoxide Anion
- B.
  
  Water
- C.
  
  Hydrogen Peroxide
- D.
  
  Hypochlorous Acid
- E.
  
  Ozone
4.

Detoxification can break down superoxide anions produced by respiratory burst mechanisms. Which of these is a product of this reaction?
- A.
  
  Ozone
- B.
  
  Hydrogen Peroxide
- C.
  
  Hypochlorous Acid
- D.
  
  Singlet Oxygen
- E.
  
  NADPH
5.

Myeloperoxidase pathways can occur without oxygen.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
6.

Which of these are intracellular killing pathways?
- A.
  
  Nitric Oxide Dependent Killing
- B.
  
  Oxygen Dependent Myeloperoxidase-Independent Killing
- C.
  
  Oxygen Independent Killing
- D.
  
  Oxygen Dependent Myeloperoxidase-Dependent Killing
- E.
  
  All of the above
- F.
  
  B, C, and D
7.

The principal difference between cytotoxic (type II) and immune complex (type III) hypersensitivity is
- A.
  
  The class (isotype) of antibody.
- B.
  
  The site where antigen-antibody complexes are formed.
- C.
  
  The participation of complement.
- D.
  
  The participation of T cells.
8.

After binding to its specific antigen, a B lymphocyte may switch its
- A.
  
  Immunoglobulin light-chain isotype.
- B.
  
  Immunoglobulin heavy-chain class.
- C.
  
  Variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain.
- D.
  
  Constant region of the immunoglobulin light chain.
9.

C3a and C5a can cause
- A.
  
  Bacterial lysis.
- B.
  
  Vascular permeability.
- C.
  
  Phagocytosis of IgE-coated bacteria.
- D.
  
  Aggregation of C4 and C2.
10.

Complement fixation refers to
- A.
  
  the ingestion of C3b-coated bacteria by macrophages
- B.
  
  The destruction of complement in serum by heating at 56°C for 30 minutes.
- C.
  
  The binding of complement components by antigen-antibody complexes.
- D.
  
  the interaction of C3b with mast cells
11.

Natural killer cells are
- A.
  
  B cells that can kill without complement
- B.
  
  Cytotoxic T cells
- C.
  
  Increased by immunization
- D.
  
  Able to kill virus-infected cells without prior sensitization.
12.

A positive tuberculin skin test (a delayed hypersensitivity reaction) indicates that
- A.
  
  A humoral immune response has occurred.
- B.
  
  A cell-mediated immune response has occurred
- C.
  
  Both the T and B cell systems are functional
- D.
  
  Only the B cell system is functional
13.

Antigen-presenting cells that activate helper T cells must express which one of the following on their surfaces?
- A.
  
  IgE
- B.
  
  Gamma Interferon
- C.
  
  Class I MHC antigens
- D.
  
  Class II MHC antigens
14.

Complement lyses cells by
- A.
  
  Enzymatic digestion of the cell membrane
- B.
  
  Activation of adenylate cyclase
- C.
  
  Insertion of complement proteins into the cell membrane
- D.
  
  Inhibition of elongation factor 2
15.

Which one of the following properties of antibodies is NOT dependent on the structure of the heavy-chain constant region?
- A.
  
  Ability to cross the placenta
- B.
  
  Isotype (class)
- C.
  
  Ability to fix complement
- D.
  
  Affinity for antigen
16.

Your patient became ill 10 days ago with a viral disease. Laboratory examination reveals that the patient's antibodies against this virus have a high ratio of IgM to IgG. What is your conclusion?
- A.
  
  It is unlikely that the patient has encountered this organism previously
- B.
  
  The patient is predisposed to IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions
- C.
  
  The information given is irrelevant to previous antigen exposure
- D.
  
  It is likely that the patient has an autoimmune disease
17.

The role of the macrophage during an antibody response is to
- A.
  
  Make antibody
- B.
  
  Lyse virus infected target cells
- C.
  
  Activate Cytotoxic T cells
- D.
  
  Process antigen and present it
18.

The main advantage of passive immunization over active immunization is that
- A.
  
  It can be administered orally
- B.
  
  It provides antibody more rapidly
- C.
  
  Antibody persists for a longer period
- D.
  
  It contains primarily IgM
19.

Each of the following statements concerning class I MHC proteins is correct EXCEPT:
- A.
  
  They are cell surface proteins on virtually all cells
- B.
  
  They are recognition elements for cytotoxic T cells
- C.
  
  They are codominantly expressed
- D.
  
  They can utilize recombination to generate diversity
20.

Each of the following statements concerning class II MHC proteins is correct EXCEPT:
- A.
  
  They are made of a long alpha chain and short beta chain
- B.
  
  They have a high degree of polymorphism
- C.
  
  They are involved in antigen presentation by macrophages
- D.
  
  They have a binding site for CD4 proteins
21.

Oxygen-independent killing utilizes all of the following EXCEPT..
- A.
  
  Respiratory Burst mechanism
- B.
  
  Lysozyme
- C.
  
  Lactoferrin
- D.
  
  Proteases
22.

Name the intercellular chemical signal that is released by cells and has a local effect on the same cell type as that from which the chemical signal is released.
- A.
  
  Paracrine Chemical Signal
- B.
  
  Hormone
- C.
  
  Autocrine Chemical Signal
- D.
  
  Hormone
- E.
  
  Neurotransmitter
23.

__________ are released by cells and affect other cell types locally without being transported in blood.
- A.
  
  Autocrine Chemical Signals
- B.
  
  Paracrine Chemical Signals
- C.
  
  Hormones
- D.
  
  Neurotransmitters
24.

Which of these is not related to immunogenicity?
- A.
  
  Age of patient
- B.
  
  Protein Structure
- C.
  
  Size of molecule
- D.
  
  Route of administration
- E.
  
  All of the above are related to immunogenicity
25.

Which of these is an example of a T-dependent antigen?
- A.
  
  Protein
- B.
  
  Water
- C.
  
  Polysaccharide
- D.
  
  Cholesterol