Earth Science Benchmark #1 Review
Questions and Answers
- 1.
An aquifer is a
- A.
Land area drained by a stream system
- B.
Broad, flat, fertile area extending out from a streams bank that may be covered with water
- C.
Irregular topography with sinkholes, sinks, and sinking streams caused by dissolution of limestone
- D.
Permeable underground layer through which water flows easily
Correct Answer
D. Permeable underground layer through which water flows easilyExplanation
The correct answer is the permeable underground layer through which water flows easily. An aquifer is a geological formation that is capable of storing and transmitting water. It consists of porous and permeable materials, such as sand, gravel, or rock, that allow water to move through them. This allows water to be stored within the aquifer and for it to flow easily from one location to another. Aquifers are important sources of groundwater and are often tapped into for drinking water supplies or irrigation purposes.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What layer has the ozone layer in it?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
D. StratosphereExplanation
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere. This layer of the Earth's atmosphere is located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. The ozone layer plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth by absorbing the majority of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What gas makes up around 21% of our atmosphere?
- A.
Methane
- B.
Oxygen
- C.
Nitrogen
- D.
Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer
B. OxygenExplanation
Oxygen makes up around 21% of our atmosphere. It is essential for the survival of many organisms, including humans. Oxygen is involved in the process of respiration, where it is used by living organisms to produce energy. It is also a key component in the formation of ozone in the Earth's atmosphere, which helps protect us from harmful ultraviolet radiation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Carbon Dioxide
- D.
Water Vapor
Correct Answer
B. NitrogenExplanation
Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere, making up about 78% of the air we breathe. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor are also present in the atmosphere, but in much smaller quantities compared to nitrogen.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by radiation?
- A.
A pan sitting on a hot burner
- B.
The Sun heating the Earth
- C.
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. The Sun heating the EarthExplanation
The Sun heating the Earth is an example of heat transfer by radiation because the Sun emits electromagnetic waves, including heat, which travel through space and reach the Earth, causing it to heat up. This process does not require any direct contact or medium for the transfer of heat.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?
- A.
A pan sitting on a hot burner
- B.
The Sun heating the Earth
- C.
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Hot air lifting a balloon off the groundExplanation
Hot air lifting a balloon off the ground is an example of heat transfer by convection. In this process, the hot air near the ground is heated by the Earth's surface or another heat source. As the air gets heated, it becomes less dense and rises, carrying the balloon along with it. This transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid, in this case, the hot air, is known as convection. The other options, a pan sitting on a hot burner and the Sun heating the Earth, involve heat transfer by conduction and radiation, respectively.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Why is the ozone layer beneficial to humans?
- A.
It gets rid of harmful gases like carbon dioxide.
- B.
It provides a form of oxygen with three atoms that helps us breathe better.
- C.
It increases the greenhouse effect so we can grow plants.
- D.
It filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation.
Correct Answer
D. It filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation.Explanation
The ozone layer is beneficial to humans because it filters out incoming ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can be harmful to human health, causing skin cancer, cataracts, and weakened immune systems. The ozone layer acts as a protective shield, absorbing and blocking most of the UV radiation, preventing it from reaching the Earth's surface. This allows humans to enjoy outdoor activities without the risk of excessive UV exposure and related health issues.Rate this question:
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- 8.
How does radiation travel through space?
- A.
Energy travels in a straight line.
- B.
Energy travels in a zig zag line.
- C.
Energy travels as waves.
Correct Answer
C. Energy travels as waves.Explanation
Radiation travels through space as waves because it is a form of electromagnetic energy. Electromagnetic waves, such as light and radio waves, do not require a medium to propagate and can travel through the vacuum of space. These waves have different wavelengths and frequencies, which determine their properties and the type of radiation they represent.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following best describes the greenhouse effect ?
- A.
The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere occurs when carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and other greenhouse gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiation.
- B.
The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere of Earth occur when oxygen and nitrogen absorb and reradiate reradiate infrared radiation.
- C.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. The warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere occurs when carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and other greenhouse gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiation.Explanation
The greenhouse effect is best described as the warming of the earth's surface and lower atmosphere that occurs when greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and others absorb and reradiate infrared radiation. This process traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to an increase in average global temperatures. Oxygen and nitrogen, mentioned in the second option, do not have the same greenhouse effect as greenhouse gases. Therefore, the correct answer is the first option.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Venus has an atmosphere made up of 97% carbon dioxide. What type of temperatures would you expect to find in Venus?
- A.
Extremely Low temperatures.
- B.
Extremely High temperatures.
- C.
Average, livable temperatures.
Correct Answer
B. Extremely High temperatures.Explanation
Venus has an atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun, causing a greenhouse effect. As a result, Venus experiences extreme temperatures, with an average surface temperature of around 900 degrees Fahrenheit (475 degrees Celsius). These temperatures are much higher than what is considered livable and make Venus the hottest planet in our solar system.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What would be the result of deforestation?
- A.
An increase in carbon dioxide.
- B.
A decrease in carbon dioxide.
- C.
No effect
Correct Answer
A. An increase in carbon dioxide.Explanation
Deforestation refers to the cutting down or removal of trees and forests. Trees play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide through the process of photosynthesis. Therefore, when deforestation occurs, there is a reduction in the number of trees available to absorb carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in its concentration in the atmosphere. This increase in carbon dioxide contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Hence, the result of deforestation would be an increase in carbon dioxide.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What happens to the temperature as pressure increases?
- A.
As pressure increases, temperature increases
- B.
As pressure increases, temperature decreases
- C.
As pressure increases there is no change in temperature
Correct Answer
A. As pressure increases, temperature increasesExplanation
According to the ideal gas law, an increase in pressure leads to an increase in temperature, assuming the volume and amount of gas remain constant. This is because an increase in pressure results in more frequent and forceful collisions between gas molecules, which increases their average kinetic energy and therefore the temperature.Rate this question:
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- 13.
This is a band of anomalously warm ocean water temperatures that occasionally develops off the western coast of South America and can cause climatic changes across the Pacific Ocean.
- A.
La Nina
- B.
El Nino
- C.
Global Warming
- D.
Tsunami
Correct Answer
B. El NinoExplanation
El Nino is the correct answer because it is a band of anomalously warm ocean water temperatures that occasionally develops off the western coast of South America. This phenomenon can cause climatic changes across the Pacific Ocean.Rate this question:
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- 14.
During this period , the sea surface temperature across the equatorial Eastern Central Pacific Ocean will be lower than normal by 3–5 °C.
- A.
La Nina
- B.
El Nino
- C.
Global Warming
- D.
Hurricane
Correct Answer
A. La NinaExplanation
During this period, the sea surface temperature across the equatorial Eastern Central Pacific Ocean will be lower than normal by 3–5 °C. This phenomenon is known as La Nina. La Nina is the opposite phase of El Nino and is characterized by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. It often leads to changes in weather patterns worldwide, including increased rainfall in some regions and droughts in others. La Nina is a natural climate pattern that occurs irregularly every few years and can have significant impacts on global weather and climate.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Some green house gases are...
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor
- C.
Nitrogen
- D.
Green house gasses do not cause global warming.
Correct Answer
B. Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vaporExplanation
Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and ultimately causing global warming. Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor are examples of greenhouse gases. These gases have the ability to absorb and emit infrared radiation, which leads to the warming of the Earth's surface. Oxygen and nitrogen, on the other hand, are not greenhouse gases and do not contribute significantly to global warming.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which process produces energy by the splitting of large atoms?
- A.
Fusion
- B.
Proliferation
- C.
Fissile material
- D.
Fission
Correct Answer
D. FissionExplanation
Fission is the correct answer because it refers to the process of splitting large atoms, such as uranium or plutonium, into smaller atoms. This splitting releases a large amount of energy in the form of heat and radiation. Fission is the process used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons to produce energy. Fusion, on the other hand, refers to the process of combining small atoms, such as hydrogen, to form larger atoms, and it also releases a large amount of energy. However, fusion is not the answer to this question as it does not involve the splitting of large atoms.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Between 1960 and 1970, world oil consumption approximately doubled. Which of the following explanations is consistent with this increase?
- A.
A. The number of passengers per car increased.
- B.
B. People drove less, conserving gasoline.
- C.
C. The price of gasoline increased.
- D.
D. The number of cars on the road increased.
- E.
E. Cars that were more fuel-efficient were manufactured.
Correct Answer
D. D. The number of cars on the road increased.Explanation
The increase in world oil consumption between 1960 and 1970 can be attributed to the increase in the number of cars on the road. As more cars were manufactured and made available to the public, the demand for oil and gasoline also increased. This led to a doubling of oil consumption during that time period.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The causes of Global Warming can be split up into the following groups:
- A.
Natural causes and Artificial causes
- B.
Human causes and extra-terrestrial causes
- C.
Natural causes and Human causes
- D.
Natural causes, Artificial causes and Human causes
Correct Answer
C. Natural causes and Human causesExplanation
Global warming is caused by a combination of natural and human factors. Natural causes include volcanic eruptions, solar radiation, and natural variations in the Earth's climate system. Human causes, on the other hand, are primarily related to the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Both natural and human causes contribute to the increase in greenhouse gases, leading to global warming.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities
- A.
Pollution
- B.
Permeability
- C.
Percolation
- D.
Evaporation
Correct Answer
A. PollutionExplanation
Pollution refers to the undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a result of human activities. It includes the release of pollutants into the air, water, or soil, causing damage to ecosystems, human health, and biodiversity. Pollution can occur from various sources such as industrial activities, transportation, agriculture, and improper waste disposal. It is a significant global issue that requires collective efforts to mitigate its impacts and protect the environment.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground.
- A.
Aquifer
- B.
Porosity
- C.
Runoff
- D.
Pollution
Correct Answer
C. RunoffExplanation
Runoff refers to the water that flows over the ground surface instead of infiltrating into the ground. This typically occurs when the ground is saturated or impermeable, such as during heavy rainfall or on paved surfaces. Runoff can carry pollutants, sediments, and other substances, posing a risk to water quality and contributing to flooding. It is an important concept in hydrology and water management, as it affects the availability of water for groundwater recharge and can impact ecosystems and human activities downstream.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Loops of glowing hydrogen seen hanging over the solar limb durring totality are:
- A.
Solar Holes
- B.
Gravitational spots
- C.
Prominences
Correct Answer
C. ProminencesExplanation
Prominences are loops of glowing hydrogen seen hanging over the solar limb during totality. These are large, bright structures that extend outwards from the Sun's surface and are held in place by magnetic fields. They can be observed during a total solar eclipse or with specialized telescopes that block out the bright surface of the Sun. Prominences are often seen as red, glowing loops and can vary in size and shape. They are an important feature of the Sun's atmosphere and studying them helps scientists understand the dynamics of solar magnetic fields.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What are cooler, darker spots on the sun's surface?
- A.
Corona
- B.
Sunspots
- C.
Photosphere
Correct Answer
B. SunspotsExplanation
Sunspots are cooler and darker spots on the sun's surface. They appear darker because they are relatively cooler than the surrounding areas. Sunspots are caused by intense magnetic activity on the sun's surface, which inhibits the flow of heat and energy, making them appear darker. They are temporary phenomena and can vary in size and shape. Sunspots are important for studying solar activity and can have effects on Earth's climate and communication systems.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What is the rotation period of the earth?
- A.
365 days
- B.
24 hours
- C.
1 year
Correct Answer
B. 24 hoursExplanation
The rotation period of the earth refers to the time it takes for the earth to complete one full rotation on its axis. This rotation period is commonly known as a day, which is equivalent to 24 hours. During this time, the earth completes a full cycle of day and night.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What causes the seasons?
- A.
The elliptical movement of the earth around the sun
- B.
The tilt of the earth at various stages of the earth's revolution around the sun
- C.
The solar wind moves the earth at different angles
Correct Answer
B. The tilt of the earth at various stages of the earth's revolution around the sunExplanation
The correct answer is the tilt of the earth at various stages of the earth's revolution around the sun. The tilt of the earth's axis causes different parts of the earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, leading to the changing seasons. As the earth revolves around the sun, the tilt causes the angle at which sunlight hits different parts of the earth to change, resulting in the different seasons experienced in different hemispheres.Rate this question:
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- 25.
When the Moon temporarily blocks the sunlight reaching Earth.
- A.
Solar Eclipse
- B.
Lunar Eclipse
- C.
Full Moon
- D.
New Moon
Correct Answer
A. Solar EclipseExplanation
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves between the Sun and Earth, blocking the sunlight from reaching Earth. This happens when the Moon is in its new moon phase. During a solar eclipse, the Moon casts a shadow on Earth, causing temporary darkness or partial darkness in certain areas. This phenomenon is different from a lunar eclipse, which occurs when the Earth moves between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Moon to be temporarily in shadow.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place is known as _____________________.
- A.
Weather
- B.
Atmosphere
- C.
Water vapor
Correct Answer
A. WeatherExplanation
The condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place is known as weather. Weather includes various elements such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. It is a short-term and constantly changing aspect of the atmosphere that affects our daily lives and activities.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What happens to the temperature as pressure increases?
- A.
As pressure increases, temperature increases
- B.
As pressure increases, temperature decreases
- C.
As pressure increases there is no change in temperature
Correct Answer
A. As pressure increases, temperature increasesExplanation
As pressure increases, the molecules in a substance are compressed closer together. This compression leads to an increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently. These collisions generate heat, resulting in an increase in temperature. Therefore, as pressure increases, temperature also increases.Rate this question:
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- 28.
An ________________ is a large region of air that has a similar temperature and humidity.
- A.
Front
- B.
Air mass
- C.
Wind
Correct Answer
B. Air massExplanation
An air mass is a large region of air that has a similar temperature and humidity. It is characterized by its stability and uniformity in terms of these atmospheric conditions. Air masses can cover vast areas and can influence weather patterns when they move across different regions. They are classified based on their source region and can be categorized as tropical, polar, or arctic, depending on the temperature characteristics. The movement and interaction of air masses play a significant role in determining weather conditions, such as the formation of clouds, precipitation, and temperature changes.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Cold fronts move
- A.
Quickly
- B.
Slowly
- C.
They don't move
- D.
They can move slow and fast
Correct Answer
A. QuicklyExplanation
Cold fronts move quickly because they are the leading edge of a mass of cold air that is displacing warmer air. As the cold air moves into an area, it pushes the warmer air ahead of it, causing the front to advance rapidly. This movement can bring changes in weather conditions, such as rain, thunderstorms, or even snow, depending on the temperature difference between the cold and warm air masses. The speed of the cold front's movement is influenced by various factors, including the strength of the cold air mass and the atmospheric conditions.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The strongest winds of a hurricane are found
- A.
The outer part of the hurricane
- B.
Right outside the eye
- C.
In the eye
- D.
In its arms
Correct Answer
B. Right outside the eyeExplanation
The strongest winds of a hurricane are found right outside the eye. This is because the eye of a hurricane is a relatively calm and clear area, surrounded by a circular wall of clouds known as the eyewall. The eyewall is where the most intense thunderstorms and strongest winds occur, just outside the eye. The eyewall is responsible for the destructive power of hurricanes, with wind speeds often exceeding 100 miles per hour.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Differences in _____are caused by unequal heating of the earth.
- A.
Temperature
- B.
Air pressure
- C.
Density
Correct Answer
B. Air pressureExplanation
Differences in air pressure are caused by unequal heating of the earth. When the sun's rays hit the earth's surface, different areas heat up at different rates. This causes the air above those areas to also heat up and expand, creating an area of low pressure. Conversely, areas that receive less sunlight and heat up less have higher air pressure. These differences in air pressure create movement of air, resulting in wind and weather patterns.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Air masses that form over land are called?
- A.
Tropical
- B.
Continental
- C.
Polar
Correct Answer
B. ContinentalExplanation
Air masses that form over land are called continental because they originate from large land masses and are influenced by the characteristics of the surface over which they form. Continental air masses tend to be dry and have low humidity levels due to the lack of moisture sources over land. They also have the potential to become very hot or very cold, depending on the season and the location of their formation.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Air masses that form in the ____ are called _____.
- A.
Land, ocean
- B.
Maritime, ocean
- C.
Ocean, maritime
Correct Answer
C. Ocean, maritimeExplanation
Air masses that form over the ocean are called maritime air masses. This is because the ocean is a major source of moisture and heat, which influences the characteristics of the air mass. Maritime air masses are typically humid and have moderate temperatures. They can bring moisture and precipitation when they move over land, affecting the weather patterns in coastal regions.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Continental polar air masses are generally
- A.
Cold and moist
- B.
Warm and moist
- C.
Cold and dry
Correct Answer
C. Cold and dryExplanation
Continental polar air masses are generally cold and dry. This is because they originate from high-latitude regions over land, where the air is cold and lacks significant moisture. As these air masses move southward, they maintain their cold and dry characteristics. They are typically associated with clear skies and stable weather conditions, as the lack of moisture inhibits cloud formation and precipitation.Rate this question:
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- 35.
A martitime polar air mass would bring what type of weather to that area?
- A.
Cold and moist
- B.
Cold and dry
- C.
Warm and moist
Correct Answer
A. Cold and moistExplanation
A maritime polar air mass would bring cold and moist weather to the area. This is because maritime polar air masses originate over the ocean and are characterized by cool temperatures and high humidity. As these air masses move over land, they bring cold air and moisture, resulting in cold and moist weather conditions.Rate this question:
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- 36.
____________humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor that air is holding compared to the amount needed for saturation at a specific temperature.
- A.
Total
- B.
Partial
- C.
Relative
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. RelativeExplanation
Relative humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor that air is holding compared to the amount needed for saturation at a specific temperature. It indicates how close the air is to being saturated with water vapor. Therefore, the correct answer is "Relative."Rate this question:
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- 37.
High pressure means good weather because ____________________.
- A.
The air masses rise
- B.
The air masses sink, making it difficult for clouds to form
- C.
Clouds are blown away by wind
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. The air masses sink, making it difficult for clouds to formExplanation
High pressure systems are associated with good weather because the sinking air masses inhibit the formation of clouds. As the air sinks, it compresses and warms, leading to stable atmospheric conditions. This stability prevents the upward movement of air and the formation of clouds, resulting in clear skies and generally fair weather.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What does the prefix/suffix/root mean:Kilo-
- A.
1000
- B.
1/1000
- C.
1/100,000
Correct Answer
A. 1000Explanation
The prefix "kilo-" in this context means 1000. It is commonly used to denote a factor of 1000 in the metric system. For example, a kilogram is 1000 grams, and a kilometer is 1000 meters. This prefix is derived from the Greek word "khilioi," meaning "thousand." Therefore, when encountering the prefix "kilo-" in a word, it indicates a multiplication by 1000.Rate this question:
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- 39.
What does the prefix/suffix/root mean:Iso-
- A.
Above
- B.
Same/equal
- C.
Below
Correct Answer
B. Same/equalExplanation
The prefix "iso-" means "same" or "equal". It is commonly used in scientific and technical terms to indicate that something is identical or has the same properties. For example, isometric means having equal dimensions, isosceles refers to a triangle with two equal sides, and isotope denotes atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. Therefore, the correct answer is "same/equal".Rate this question:
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- 40.
A substance whose pH level is less than 7 and is made up of hydrogen ions is a(n) __________.
- A.
Base
- B.
Noble gas
- C.
Acid
- D.
Atom
- E.
Nitrate
Correct Answer
C. AcidExplanation
An acid is a substance that has a pH level less than 7 and is composed of hydrogen ions. When dissolved in water, acids release hydrogen ions, which are responsible for their acidic properties. Acids can be corrosive and have a sour taste. Examples of common acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid.Rate this question:
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- 41.
In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high-pressure system blow ________.
- A.
Counterclockwise toward the center
- B.
Clockwise toward the center
- C.
Clockwise outward from the center
- D.
Counterclockwise outward from the center
Correct Answer
C. Clockwise outward from the centerExplanation
In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high-pressure system blow clockwise outward from the center. This is due to the Coriolis effect, which is caused by the rotation of the Earth. The Coriolis effect causes the air to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in clockwise circulation around a high-pressure system. The air moves outward from the center of the high-pressure system due to the pressure gradient, which is the difference in air pressure between the center and the surrounding areas.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Isotherms show areas of equal.....
- A.
Pressure
- B.
Temperature
- C.
Humidity
Correct Answer
B. TemperatureExplanation
Isotherms are lines on a map that connect points with the same temperature. They provide a visual representation of temperature patterns across a given area. By observing isotherms, we can identify areas with similar temperature conditions, allowing us to analyze temperature variations and understand climate patterns. Therefore, the correct answer is temperature.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Areas with low pressure generally have
- A.
Bright skies and sunny weather
- B.
Overcast skies and precipitation
- C.
Dry weather
Correct Answer
B. Overcast skies and precipitationExplanation
Areas with low pressure generally have overcast skies and precipitation because low pressure systems are associated with rising air, which leads to the formation of clouds and the condensation of water vapor. As the air rises, it cools and moisture in the air condenses, forming clouds. These clouds often bring precipitation in the form of rain or snow. Additionally, the rising air in a low pressure system can create instability in the atmosphere, further enhancing the likelihood of overcast skies and precipitation.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which human activity will most likely have a negative impact on global stability?
- A.
Decreasing water pollution levels
- B.
Increasing recycling programs
- C.
Decreasing habitat destruction
- D.
Increasing world population growth
Correct Answer
D. Increasing world population growthExplanation
Increasing world population growth is likely to have a negative impact on global stability because it puts a strain on limited resources such as food, water, and energy. As the population increases, the demand for these resources also increases, leading to overconsumption and depletion of natural resources. This can result in environmental degradation, increased competition for resources, and social and economic instability. Additionally, a growing population can also lead to increased pollution, deforestation, and habitat destruction as more land is needed for housing and agriculture.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which of the following were important factors leading to human population increases?
- A.
Improved agricultural techniques
- B.
Decrease in infant mortality due to medical technology
- C.
Increased survivorship
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The factors mentioned, such as improved agricultural techniques, decrease in infant mortality due to medical technology, and increased survivorship, all contribute to human population increases. Improved agricultural techniques allow for increased food production, which can support a larger population. Decreased infant mortality means more children survive into adulthood, leading to a larger population. Similarly, increased survivorship means that people are living longer, contributing to population growth. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in human population increases.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Sun spots ___.
- A.
Cause changes in the amount of back radiation that Earth emits
- B.
Occur in a 100-year cycle
- C.
Were more numerous between A.D. 1645 and 1715 than they are today
- D.
Occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normal
Correct Answer
D. Occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normalExplanation
Sun spots occur at times when net solar emissions are stronger than normal. Sun spots are dark spots on the surface of the Sun that are cooler than the surrounding areas. They are caused by intense magnetic activity and are associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections. When sun spots are present, it indicates that there is increased solar activity and therefore stronger net solar emissions.Rate this question:
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- 47.
True or False: Choose "True" if the statement is true or "False" if the statement is false to the following question.Removal of the forests reduces the earths ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, trees and plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen, helping to regulate the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, removal of forests would indeed reduce the earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 48.
True or False: Choose "True" if the statement is true or "False" if the statement is false to the following question.Major volcanic eruptions and the aerosols they release contribute to short-term warming of the Earth's climate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Major volcanic eruptions and the aerosols they release actually contribute to short-term cooling of the Earth's climate. When a volcano erupts, it releases large amounts of sulfur dioxide and ash into the atmosphere. These particles can reflect sunlight back into space, reducing the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface and causing a temporary cooling effect. However, over the long term, volcanic activity can also release greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which contribute to global warming.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which layer of the sun is visible?
- A.
Photosphere
- B.
Chromosphere
- C.
Radiative zone
- D.
Convective zone
Correct Answer
A. PhotosphereExplanation
The photosphere is the visible layer of the sun that emits light and heat. It is the outermost layer of the sun's interior and is responsible for the sun's visible surface. The photosphere is where most of the sun's energy is radiated into space, and it is the layer that we see when we look at the sun.Rate this question:
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- 50.
True or False: Choose "True" if the statement is true or "False" if the statement is false to the following question.Coal use in the U.S. accounts for most greenhouse gas emissions?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Coal use in the U.S. accounts for most greenhouse gas emissions. This is because coal is a fossil fuel that releases large amounts of carbon dioxide when burned. Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, contribute to global warming and climate change. While other sources of greenhouse gas emissions exist, such as transportation and industrial processes, coal remains a major contributor to overall emissions in the U.S. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 10, 2014Quiz Created by
Tanja Donelson
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