Chemistry Of Life Warm Up 3
Welcome to the Electronic Learning Environment for Life Science (biology). The roles of biology and chemistry are becoming very evident of the relationship between the two fields. Chemical reactions of all living things take place in the aqueous environment of the cell. Water has several unique properties that make it one of the most important compounds found in living organisms.
This warm up allows you an unlimited number of attempts to increase your test-taking and learning skills in advanced biology. As a bonus, each attempt randomly generates new questions and answers.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
All water is distributed equally on Earth.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement "all water is distributed equally on Earth" is false. Water distribution on Earth is not equal due to various factors such as climate, geography, and human activities. Some areas may have abundant water resources, while others may suffer from water scarcity. Additionally, natural phenomena like rainfall patterns and evaporation rates also contribute to uneven water distribution across the globe. Hence, it is incorrect to say that all water is distributed equally on Earth.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The three states of matter are water, food, and gas
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is incorrect because water, food, and gas are not the three states of matter. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Water can exist in all three states depending on its temperature, but food is typically a solid, and gas is a separate state of matter. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What percentage of earth's water is usable by humans ?
- A.
1 %
- B.
99 %
- C.
15 %
Correct Answer
A. 1 %Explanation
Only 1% of Earth's water is usable by humans. The majority of Earth's water is in the form of saltwater in the oceans, which is not suitable for drinking or irrigation. The remaining freshwater is mostly locked in ice caps and glaciers or stored underground as groundwater. This limited availability of usable water highlights the importance of conservation and efficient water management practices to ensure a sustainable supply for human needs.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Ionic bonds always form between metals and ___________.
- A.
Nonmetals
- B.
Metals
- C.
Metalloids
Correct Answer
A. NonmetalsExplanation
Ionic bonds are formed when there is a transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal. This transfer occurs because metals tend to have low electronegativity, meaning they have a tendency to lose electrons, while nonmetals tend to have high electronegativity, meaning they have a tendency to gain electrons. Therefore, ionic bonds always form between metals and nonmetals.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An _______ bond forms when a cation transfers its extra electron to an anion who needs it.
- A.
Metallic
- B.
Covalent
- C.
Ionic
Correct Answer
C. IonicExplanation
An ionic bond forms when a cation, which is a positively charged ion, transfers its extra electron to an anion, which is a negatively charged ion, who needs it. This transfer of electrons creates a strong electrostatic attraction between the two ions, resulting in the formation of an ionic bond.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Negatively charged ions, called ____________, result from gain of electrons.
- A.
Cations
- B.
Anions
Correct Answer
B. AnionsExplanation
Negatively charged ions, called anions, result from the gain of electrons. When an atom gains one or more electrons, it becomes negatively charged and forms an anion. Anions are attracted to positively charged ions, known as cations, and this attraction between oppositely charged ions forms ionic bonds in compounds.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Positively charged ions, called ____________, result from loss of electrons.
- A.
Cations
- B.
Anions
Correct Answer
A. CationsExplanation
Positively charged ions, called cations, are formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. This loss of electrons creates an imbalance between the number of protons and electrons, resulting in a net positive charge. Cations are attracted to negatively charged particles and are commonly found in ionic compounds. An example of a cation is the sodium ion (Na+), which forms when a sodium atom loses one electron.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The process of removing or adding electrons is called __________.
- A.
Work
- B.
Ionization
- C.
Electrification
Correct Answer
B. IonizationExplanation
Ionization is the correct answer because it refers to the process of removing or adding electrons from an atom or molecule, resulting in the formation of ions. This process can occur through various means such as heating, chemical reactions, or exposure to radiation. Ionization plays a crucial role in many scientific and technological applications, including plasma physics, chemistry, and electronics.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When an electron is added to or removed from an atom, the atom becomes a(n) ________.
- A.
Ion
- B.
Bond
- C.
Nothing; it stays an atom
Correct Answer
A. IonExplanation
When an electron is added to or removed from an atom, the atom becomes an ion. This is because the addition or removal of an electron results in a change in the atom's overall charge. If an electron is added, the atom becomes negatively charged and is called a negative ion or an anion. Conversely, if an electron is removed, the atom becomes positively charged and is called a positive ion or a cation.Rate this question:
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- 10.
One molecule of water contains....
- A.
One atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
- B.
Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
- C.
Two atoms of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
- D.
One atom of hydrogen and two atoms of iron
- E.
Two atoms of hydrogen and three atoms of oxygen
Correct Answer
B. Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygenExplanation
A molecule of water is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. This is because the chemical formula for water is H2O, indicating that there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in each molecule.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Because charges are unevenly distributed across the water molecule. Water is a called a nonpolar compound.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Water is actually a polar compound, not a nonpolar compound. This is because the oxygen atom in water is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, causing a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms. This uneven distribution of charges makes water a polar molecule. Therefore, the correct answer is False.Rate this question:
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- 12.
_____ _____ prevents organisms that live on land from overheating. (NOTE: Please observe grammar rules.)
Correct Answer
Evaporative coolingExplanation
Evaporative cooling is the process by which heat is removed from an object or surface as a result of the evaporation of water. In the context of organisms that live on land, evaporative cooling plays a crucial role in preventing overheating. When these organisms perspire or release moisture through their skin or respiratory system, the water evaporates, taking away the excess heat with it. This helps to regulate their body temperature and maintain a stable internal environment, preventing them from overheating in hot conditions.Rate this question:
- 13.
Water molecules stick to each other as a result of _____ _____. (NOTE: Please enter your answers in lower case letters.)
Correct Answer
hydrogen bondingExplanation
Water molecules stick to each other as a result of hydrogen bonding. This occurs because the oxygen atom in a water molecule has a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge. These opposite charges attract each other, causing the water molecules to form hydrogen bonds. These bonds are relatively weak, but they are responsible for many of water's unique properties, such as its high boiling point and surface tension.Rate this question:
- 14.
An attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together is known as _____.
- A.
Bonding
- B.
Capillarity
- C.
Adhesion
- D.
Cohesion
- E.
Density
Correct Answer
D. CohesionExplanation
Cohesion refers to the attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together. This force allows molecules to stick to each other, creating a cohesive bond. In the context of the question, cohesion is the correct answer because it accurately describes the phenomenon of molecules within a substance being attracted to each other and staying together.Rate this question:
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- 15.
An attractive force between two particles of different substances, such as water molecules and glass molecules is called a(n)_____.
- A.
Bonding
- B.
Capillarity
- C.
Adhesion
- D.
Cohesion
- E.
Density
Correct Answer
C. AdhesionExplanation
Adhesion refers to the attractive force between two particles of different substances. In this case, it is the attractive force between water molecules and glass molecules. Adhesion allows water to stick to the surface of the glass, forming droplets or a thin film. This phenomenon is important in capillarity, where water can rise against gravity in narrow tubes due to the cohesive and adhesive forces between water molecules and the tube's surface. Density and bonding are not specific to the attractive force between different substances, while cohesion refers to the attractive force between particles of the same substance.Rate this question:
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- 16.
An attraction between molecules that results in the rise of the surface of a liquid when in contact with a solid is called a(n)_____.
- A.
Bonding
- B.
Capillarity
- C.
Adhesion
- D.
Cohesion
- E.
Density
Correct Answer
B. CapillarityExplanation
Capillarity refers to the phenomenon where a liquid rises in a narrow tube or is drawn into a small space between solid particles due to the attractive forces between the liquid molecules and the solid surface. This attraction, known as adhesion, causes the liquid to climb against gravity. Therefore, the correct answer is capillarity.Rate this question:
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- 17.
A _____ is a mixture in which one of more substances are uniformly distributed in another substance. For example, plasma, the liquid portion of blood.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Solute
- C.
Solvent
- D.
Concentration
- E.
Saturated solution
- F.
Aqueous solutions
Correct Answer
A. SolutionExplanation
A solution is a mixture in which one or more substances (solute) are uniformly distributed in another substance (solvent). In this case, plasma, the liquid portion of blood, can be considered a solution because it contains various solutes such as proteins, electrolytes, and hormones that are uniformly distributed in the solvent, which is water.Rate this question:
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- 18.
A _____ is a substance dissolved in the solvent.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Solute
- C.
Solvent
- D.
Concentration
- E.
Saturated solution
- F.
Aqueous solutions
Correct Answer
B. SoluteExplanation
A solute is a substance dissolved in the solvent. In a solution, the solute is the component that is present in a smaller amount and is dissolved by the solvent. The solute can be a solid, liquid, or gas, and it disperses evenly throughout the solvent to form a homogeneous mixture. The solute particles are typically smaller in size compared to the solvent particles, allowing them to mix and form a solution.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The _____ of a solution is the amount of solute dissolved into a fix amount of the solution. 10% Calcium chloride solution has 10 g of salt dissolved into enough water to make 100 mL of solution.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Solute
- C.
Solvent
- D.
Concentration
- E.
Saturated solution
- F.
Aqueous solutions
Correct Answer
D. ConcentrationExplanation
The concentration of a solution refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of the solution. In this case, the 10% Calcium chloride solution has 10 g of salt dissolved into enough water to make 100 mL of solution, indicating that the concentration of the solution is 10%.Rate this question:
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- 20.
_____ _____ in which water is the solvent and universally important to living organisms.
- A.
Solution
- B.
Solute
- C.
Solvent
- D.
Concentration
- E.
Saturated solution
- F.
Aqueous solutions
Correct Answer
F. Aqueous solutionsExplanation
Aqueous solutions refer to solutions in which water is the solvent. Water is universally important to living organisms, as it is involved in various biological processes such as transportation of nutrients, removal of waste, and maintenance of body temperature. Therefore, aqueous solutions play a crucial role in supporting life by facilitating these essential processes.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is the name of this ion ? (NOTE: Please enter your answers in lower case letters.)
Correct Answer
hydroxide ionExplanation
The given ion is named "hydroxide ion".Rate this question:
- 22.
The ion is known as the _____ ion.
Correct Answer
hydroniumExplanation
The ion is known as the hydronium ion because it consists of a water molecule with an extra hydrogen ion attached to it. This ion is formed when an acid dissolves in water and donates a hydrogen ion to the water molecules. The resulting hydronium ion is responsible for the characteristic acidic properties of the solution.Rate this question:
- 23.
Hydronium Ions are to Acids: Bases are to _____
- A.
Alkaline
- B.
PH Scale
- C.
Buffers
- D.
Acidic
Correct Answer
A. AlkalineExplanation
The correct answer is Alkaline. Hydronium ions are characteristic of acids, as they are formed when an acid donates a proton. Similarly, bases are characterized by the presence of hydroxide ions, which can accept a proton. Alkaline substances are those that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a higher concentration of hydroxide ions and a lower concentration of hydronium ions. Therefore, the relationship between hydronium ions and acids can be compared to the relationship between hydroxide ions and alkaline substances.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the pH of blood? (NOTE: Please provide a number from 0 to 14 for your answer.)
Correct Answer
7.5Explanation
The pH of blood is an important factor in maintaining homeostasis in the body. A pH of 7.5 is slightly alkaline, indicating that the blood is slightly basic. This is within the normal range for blood pH, which typically ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. Maintaining a stable pH is crucial for various physiological processes, including enzyme activity, oxygen transport, and cellular function. Any significant deviation from the normal pH range can have detrimental effects on the body's overall function.Rate this question:
- 25.
Vinegar has _____ times the ions at pH 3 than does urine at pH 6.
- A.
10
- B.
100
- C.
1,000
- D.
10,000
Correct Answer
C. 1,000Explanation
Vinegar has a higher concentration of ions at pH 3 compared to urine at pH 6. The difference in pH levels indicates a difference in the acidity of the solutions. Since vinegar is an acidic substance, it releases more hydrogen ions (H+) into the solution, resulting in a higher concentration of ions. On the other hand, urine, being slightly acidic, releases fewer hydrogen ions. Therefore, vinegar has 1,000 times more ions at pH 3 compared to urine at pH 6.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 17, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 03, 2014Quiz Created by
John Mitchell
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