A&P Cell Function Quiz

2.

Active transport and facilitated diffusion require the action of specific carrier proteins in the membrane.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Active transport and facilitated diffusion both involve the movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the help of specific carrier proteins. In active transport, molecules are moved against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP. Facilitated diffusion, on the other hand, allows molecules to move down their concentration gradient without the need for energy. In both cases, the carrier proteins play a crucial role in facilitating the transport of molecules across the membrane. Therefore, the statement is true.

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3.

What can NOT cross membranes during simple diffusion.

Large Molecules
Proteins
Charged(polar) molecules
All of the above

Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Simple diffusion is a passive process where molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It occurs directly through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. Large molecules, such as proteins, cannot cross the membrane through simple diffusion because they are too big to fit through the small spaces between the lipid molecules. Similarly, charged or polar molecules cannot pass through the nonpolar lipid bilayer as they are hydrophilic and repelled by the hydrophobic interior of the membrane. Therefore, all of the options mentioned (large molecules, proteins, and charged/polar molecules) cannot cross membranes during simple diffusion.

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4.

Osmotic pressure _____________________.

Tries to make everything even.
Forces water to move from where there is little dissolved to where there is lots dissolved.
Aides in moving water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.
All of the above

Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Osmotic pressure refers to the pressure exerted by a solvent, such as water, as it moves across a semipermeable membrane to equalize the concentration of solutes on both sides. This process tries to make everything even by forcing water to move from areas where there is little dissolved solute to areas where there is a higher concentration of dissolved solute. Therefore, all of the given options are correct as they describe different aspects of osmotic pressure.

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5.

Pick the two that match the definition below.Transport through the membrane that is not carrier mediated.

Osmosis & facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion & active transport
Simple diffusion & active transport
Osmosis & simple diffusion

Correct Answer

A. Osmosis & simple diffusion

Explanation

Osmosis and simple diffusion are the two processes that match the definition of transport through the membrane that is not carrier mediated. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Simple diffusion, on the other hand, refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the involvement of any carrier proteins. Both osmosis and simple diffusion occur spontaneously and do not require any energy input.

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6.

Active transport is the movement of molecules and ions against their concentration gradients, from ____________________

Higher to lower concentrations.
The "uphill" movement of a molecule.
High concentration of solute.
Lower to higher concentrations.

Correct Answer

A. Lower to higher concentrations.

Explanation

Active transport is the process by which molecules and ions are transported across a cell membrane against their concentration gradients, meaning from areas of lower concentration to higher concentration. This requires the input of energy, usually in the form of ATP, to move substances "uphill" against the natural flow. Therefore, the correct answer is "Lower to higher concentrations."

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7.

What is one thing that is required during facilitated diffusion.

Saturation
Energy
Transport protein
All of the above

Correct Answer

A. Transport protein

Explanation

During facilitated diffusion, molecules move across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration with the help of transport proteins. These proteins act as channels or carriers, allowing specific molecules to pass through the membrane. Saturation refers to the point at which all available transport proteins are occupied, and no more molecules can be transported. Energy is not required for facilitated diffusion as it is a passive process that relies on the concentration gradient. Therefore, the correct answer is "Transport protein."

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8.

occurs when the hydrolysis of ATP is directly required for the function of the carriers. These carriers are composed of that span the thickness of the membrane.

Secondary active transport, proteins
Primary active transport, proteins
Primary active transport, Na+
Secondary active transport, Glucose

Correct Answer

A. Primary active transport, proteins

Explanation

Primary active transport occurs when the hydrolysis of ATP is directly required for the function of the carriers. These carriers are composed of proteins that span the thickness of the membrane.

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9.

Energy is required during Facilitated diffusion.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that allows the movement of molecules across a cell membrane with the help of transport proteins. Unlike active transport, facilitated diffusion does not require energy input from the cell. Instead, it relies on the concentration gradient to drive the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Therefore, the statement that energy is required during facilitated diffusion is false.

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10.

Oncotic pressure is basically a kind of osmotic pressure but is specifically related to __________.

Glucose
Lipid Molecules
Proteins
Oxygen

Correct Answer

A. Proteins

Explanation

Oncotic pressure is specifically related to proteins. Proteins in the blood, such as albumin, exert an osmotic pressure that helps to maintain fluid balance within the blood vessels. These proteins attract water, causing it to remain within the blood vessels and preventing excessive fluid leakage into the surrounding tissues. Therefore, proteins play a crucial role in regulating oncotic pressure and maintaining the overall fluid balance in the body.

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11.

What would best describe the following:Movement of oxygen from blood into the tissues.

Small lipophilic organic compounds crossing a membrane.
Large molecules crossing a membrane.
Polar compound crossing a membrane.
A concentrated gradient.

Correct Answer

A. Small lipophilic organic compounds crossing a membrane.

Explanation

Small lipophilic organic compounds are able to easily cross a membrane due to their chemical properties. Lipophilic compounds are soluble in lipids, which make up the cell membrane, allowing them to pass through easily. In contrast, large molecules and polar compounds have difficulty crossing the membrane due to their size and polarity. A concentrated gradient refers to a difference in concentration between two areas, but it does not specifically describe the movement of oxygen from blood into the tissues.

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12.

A process in which the plasma membrane invaginates to produce a deep, narrow furrow.

Active transport
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Simple diffusion

Correct Answer

A. Pinocytosis

Explanation

Pinocytosis is a process in which the plasma membrane of a cell invaginates to produce a deep, narrow furrow. This furrow then forms a vesicle that engulfs extracellular fluid and solutes. Unlike phagocytosis, which involves the engulfment of large particles or microorganisms, pinocytosis is the uptake of fluid and small molecules. Active transport is the movement of substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient, while simple diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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A&p Cell Function Quiz

The charge of a molecule,size, lipid solubility, concentration gradient and surface membrane area can all effect the rate of diffusion.

Quiz Preview

Active transport and facilitated diffusion require the action of specific carrier proteins in the membrane.

What can NOT cross membranes during simple diffusion.

Osmotic pressure _____________________.

Pick the two that match the definition below.Transport through the membrane that is not carrier mediated.

Active transport is the movement of molecules and ions against their concentration gradients, from ____________________

What is one thing that is required during facilitated diffusion.

occurs when the hydrolysis of ATP is directly required for the function of the carriers. These carriers are composed of that span the thickness of the membrane.

Energy is required during Facilitated diffusion.

Oncotic pressure is basically a kind of osmotic pressure but is specifically related to __________.

What would best describe the following:Movement of oxygen from blood into the tissues.

A process in which the plasma membrane invaginates to produce a deep, narrow furrow.

A&p Cell Function Quiz

The charge of a molecule,size, lipid solubility, concentration gradient and surface membrane area can all effect the rate of diffusion.

Quiz Preview

Active transport and facilitated diffusion require the action of specific carrier proteins in the membrane.

What can NOT cross membranes during simple diffusion.

Osmotic pressure _____________________.

Pick the two that match the definition below.Transport through the membrane that is not carrier mediated.

Active transport is the movement of molecules and ions against their concentration gradients, from ____________________

What is one thing that is required during facilitated diffusion.

______________ occurs when the hydrolysis of ATP is directly required for the function of the carriers. These carriers are composed of ______________ that span the thickness of the membrane.

Energy is required during Facilitated diffusion.

Oncotic pressure is basically a kind of osmotic pressure but is specifically related to __________.

What would best describe the following:Movement of oxygen from blood into the tissues.

A process in which the plasma membrane invaginates to produce a deep, narrow furrow.

occurs when the hydrolysis of ATP is directly required for the function of the carriers. These carriers are composed of that span the thickness of the membrane.