Cardiovascular And Some Muscular

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  • 1/92 Questions

    Normal Blood pressure is...

    • Less than < 100/80
    • Less than < 95/60
    • Less than 140< 90
    • Less than < 149/80
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About This Quiz

For physiology-Palomar College

Cardiovascular Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    What is angiogenesis?

    • Gas exchange between blood cells and capillaries

    • Refractory period

    • Involved in killing foreign objects and pathogens as well as maintaining a healthy body

    • Process of developing new blood vessels

    Correct Answer
    A. Process of developing new blood vessels
  • 3. 

    The innate immune system is composed of what?

    • Cells that produce antibodies

    • Cells that will immediately destroy a pathogen (neutrophils, macrophages, Natural Killer (NK) cells).

    • Cells that eliminate a target through pinocytosis

    • Cells that are highly specific highly effective

    Correct Answer
    A. Cells that will immediately destroy a pathogen (neutrophils, macrophages, Natural Killer (NK) cells).
  • 4. 

    Name the immune system that uses NK, Macrophages, and neutrophils

    • Basophils

    • Adaptive

    • Innate

    Correct Answer
    A. Innate
  • 5. 

    What is the first heart beat sound?

    • Shutting of aortic and pulmonary valves

    • Ventricles contracting

    • Shutting of tricuspid and mitral valves

    • Atrium contracting

    Correct Answer
    A. Shutting of tricuspid and mitral valves
  • 6. 

    Which system controls smooth muscle

    • ANS

    • CNS

    Correct Answer
    A. ANS
  • 7. 

    What causes Porphyria Cutanea Tarda (PCT)?

    • Defect in Uropophyrinogen III Decarboxylase

    • Defect in Coproporphyrinogen III (CP-III)

    • Defect in Ferrochelatase

    • Defect in 5 ALA conversion to Porphobilinogen caused by lead

    Correct Answer
    A. Defect in Uropophyrinogen III Decarboxylase
  • 8. 

    What is defected in Sickle cell anemia?

    • A single gene defect in Beta Globin chain

    • Absent production of a particular chain

    • Complete absence of Beta Chains

    • Malaria

    Correct Answer
    A. A single gene defect in Beta Globin chain
    Explanation
    complete absence of Beta chain is called B Thalassemia Major

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  • 9. 

    What is hypoxia?

    • What happens when you work out

    • Development of new blood

    • Prevention of capillaries from being over leaky

    • Pericytes and smooth muscle receive low oxygen

    Correct Answer
    A. Pericytes and smooth muscle receive low oxygen
  • 10. 

    What does hypoxia activate?

    • Hypoxia Reductible Factor (HRF) which produces VEGF and FGF

    • New blood production

    • High blood pressure

    • Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) which produces VEGF and FGF

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) which produces VEGF and FGF
  • 11. 

    Which blood vessels are composed of smooth muscle?

    • Artery's, arteriole, vein

    • Venule, veins, artery's

    • Arteriole, venule, capillary

    • Capillary, vein, venule

    Correct Answer
    A. Artery's, arteriole, vein
  • 12. 

    Why is elastic tissue Good?

    • Allows vessel to expand and snap back into shape, helps in propelling blood forward

    • Provides structural integrity

    • Innervated by the ANS and helps with constriction or relaxation

    • Because its elastic

    Correct Answer
    A. Allows vessel to expand and snap back into shape, helps in propelling blood forward
  • 13. 

    The primary function of erythrocytes is

    • Gas exchange by hemeglobin

    • Circulation

    • To keep organs functioning

    • Immunity

    Correct Answer
    A. Gas exchange by hemeglobin
  • 14. 

    What attaches each globin?

    • Porphyrin ring containing Fe (iron)

    • Oxygen

    • Heme

    • Alpha and beta chains

    Correct Answer
    A. Porphyrin ring containing Fe (iron)
  • 15. 

    What do megakaryocytes do?

    • Aid in the immune response

    • Cause nutritional deficiency

    • Its cell membrane pinches off to form platelets

    • Cause spontaneous clotting

    Correct Answer
    A. Its cell membrane pinches off to form platelets
  • 16. 

    In a EKG what does the PR interval measure?

    • AV delay

    • Atrial depolarization

    • Ventricular depolarization

    • Ventricular re-polarization

    Correct Answer
    A. AV delay
  • 17. 
    What is happening to the heart in this image? - ProProfs

    What is happening to the heart in this image?

    • Complete heart block

    • Atrial fibrillation

    • Ventricle fibrillation

    Correct Answer
    A. Atrial fibrillation
  • 18. 

    What is an example of B Receptor Blockers (B blockers)?

    • Amlodipine

    • Hydrochlorothiazide

    • Lisinopril

    • Metoprolol

    Correct Answer
    A. Metoprolol
  • 19. 

    What is an example of calcium channel bloackers

    • Amlodipine

    • Metoprolol

    • Hydrochlorothiazide

    • Lisinopril

    Correct Answer
    A. Amlodipine
  • 20. 

    What is an example of a Diuretic?

    • Hydrochlorothiazide

    • Lisinopril

    • Amlodipine

    • Metoprolol

    Correct Answer
    A. Hydrochlorothiazide
  • 21. 

    What do calcium channel blockers do?

    • Decrease the volume of blood pressure

    • Lower systemic vascular resistance

    • Effect B1 receptors

    • Stop stimulation of aldosterone

    Correct Answer
    A. Lower systemic vascular resistance
  • 22. 

    What do diuretics do?

    • Work in kidneys to prevent reclaiming ions- decrease the volume of blood pressure

    • Prevent an enzyme that converts angiotension I to angiotension II

    • Lower systemic vascular resistance

    • Affect B1 receptors

    Correct Answer
    A. Work in kidneys to prevent reclaiming ions- decrease the volume of blood pressure
  • 23. 

    What is the most common cause of hypotension in non shock?

    • Anaphylactic

    • Dehydration

    • Neurogenic

    • Cardiogenic

    Correct Answer
    A. Dehydration
  • 24. 

    A patient comes in with a normal BP, while sitting, however upon standing they pass out (syncope), why?

    • Dehydration

    • Shock

    • Orthostatic hypotension

    • Anaphylaxis

    Correct Answer
    A. Orthostatic hypotension
  • 25. 

    The voltage gated calcium receptor on the SR is called...?

    • Atpase

    • DHP receptor

    • CICR

    • Option 4

    Correct Answer
    A. DHP receptor
  • 26. 

    Where does the first heart sound relative to an EKG?

    • P Wave

    • T wave

    • QRS

    • PR

    Correct Answer
    A. QRS
  • 27. 

    Two treatments for shock if IVF fail

    • Lisinopril

    • Dobutamine (Beta 1 agonist) and norepinephrine (alpha 1 agonist)

    • Neurogenic

    • Anaphylactic

    Correct Answer
    A. Dobutamine (Beta 1 agonist) and norepinephrine (alpha 1 agonist)
  • 28. 

    What is the name used when Ca2+ ions bind to the DHP receptor or RyR on the SR?

    • Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

    • Calcium-Induced Calcium Rlease (CICR)

    • Mechanically-Gated Ca2+ Channels

    • Ca2+-ATPase

    Correct Answer
    A. Calcium-Induced Calcium Rlease (CICR)
  • 29. 

    Which ion is ultimately responsiblefor muscle contraction

    • Phosphate

    • Ca

    • Triponon

    • Triptomyosin

    Correct Answer
    A. Ca
  • 30. 

    Systolic Blood pressure is?

    • The maximal pressure experience in a vessel during the peak of ventricular contraction

    • The residual pressure remaining in the vessel during ventricular relaxation

    Correct Answer
    A. The maximal pressure experience in a vessel during the peak of ventricular contraction
  • 31. 

    Hypertension is a BP of

    • SBP >139 or DBP >89

    • SBP > 100 DBP >80

    • SBP >120 DBP > 40

    • SBP >130 DBP >60

    Correct Answer
    A. SBP >139 or DBP >89
  • 32. 

    Malignant Hypertension is a SBP or DBP of...

    • SBP >200 or DBP >100

    • SBP >220 or DBP > 180

    • SBP >100 or DBP > 130

    • SBP > 250 or DBP >200

    Correct Answer
    A. SBP >220 or DBP > 180
    Explanation
    end organ damage

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  • 33. 

    What are the steps of making heme after ALA dehydrase up to heme production?

    • Porphobilinogen, multiple steps, coproporphyrinogen III, protoporohobinlin III, Protophophyrin IX, Fe2, Ferrochelatase, Heme

    • Coproporphyrinogen III, multiple steps, Porphobilinogen, Protophophyrin III, Protophyrin IX, Fe2, Ferrochelatase, heme

    • Porphobilinogen, multiple steps, Protophophyrin III, Protophyrin IX, Coproporphyrinogen III, fe2, Ferrochelatase, Heme

    • Lead, porphobilinogen, multiple steps, coproporphyrinogen III, protoporohobinlin III, Protophophyrin IX, Fe2, Ferrochelatase, Heme

    Correct Answer
    A. Porphobilinogen, multiple steps, coproporphyrinogen III, protoporohobinlin III, Protophophyrin IX, Fe2, Ferrochelatase, Heme
    Explanation
    Lead inhibits production of porphobilinogen thus altering the next steps. Also as you might have noticed there are steps missing depending on what your teacher expects, thus "multiple steps" and to make this easier the last three steps are all the same in correct order.

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  • 34. 

    What are the steps in making a stable fibrin clot? (Intrinsic pathway)

    • Fibrin monomer, fibrin polymer, I (fibrinogen), II(prothrombin), IIa( thrombin), X-Xa+V, VII, IX-IXa, XI-XIa, XII-XIIa, XIII-XIIIa, Stable fibrin blood clot

    • XII-XIIa, XI-XIa, IX-IXa, VII, X- Xa +V, II(prothrombin), IIa (thrombin), I (fibrinogen), Fibrin monomer, fibrin polymer, XIII-XIIIa, Stable fibrin blood clot

    • EEEEEEE

    Correct Answer
    A. XII-XIIa, XI-XIa, IX-IXa, VII, X- Xa +V, II(prothrombin), IIa (thrombin), I (fibrinogen), Fibrin monomer, fibrin polymer, XIII-XIIIa, Stable fibrin blood clot
  • 35. 

    What cells turn into plasma cells and produce antibodies

    • B lymphocytes

    • T lymphocytes

    • Plasma cells

    • CD8

    Correct Answer
    A. B lymphocytes
  • 36. 

    Which immune system produces antibodies?

    • Adaptive

    • Innate

    • Monocytes

    • Lymphocytes

    Correct Answer
    A. Adaptive
  • 37. 

    Which T lymphocytes directly kill the cell thats infected?

    • CD4

    • CD8

    • B lymphocytes

    • Plasma Cells

    Correct Answer
    A. CD8
  • 38. 

    What do bundle of HIS do?

    • Branch off bundle branches and dive into the muscle tissue

    • Diverts AP to left and right bundle branches

    • Travel down atrium to pacemaker cells

    • Delay the AP

    Correct Answer
    A. Diverts AP to left and right bundle branches
  • 39. 

    Which node is in the atrium?

    • Purkinje

    • AV

    • SAN

    • HIS

    Correct Answer
    A. SAN
  • 40. 

    What do neutrophils do?

    • Adaptive immune system- they kill pathogens

    • Innate immune system- flood infection to eliminate pathogens by exocytosing enzymes (dead="pus")

    • Innate immune system- eliminate targets through pinocytosis and destroys them by merging vesicles containing proteolytic enzymes

    • Something to do with enzymes and killing foreign invaders

    Correct Answer
    A. Innate immune system- flood infection to eliminate pathogens by exocytosing enzymes (dead="pus")
    Explanation
    partial credit for something to do with enzymes and killing foreign invaders

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  • 41. 

    Diastolic BP is?

    • Residual pressure in vessel during relaxation

    • Residual pressure in a vessel during contraction

    • Maximum pressure at peek of ventricular contraction

    • Maximum pressure at peek of atrial contraction

    Correct Answer
    A. Residual pressure in vessel during relaxation
  • 42. 

    What are the four most common methods used to treat heart attacks (HTN RX)?

    • Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, B Receptor Blockers( B-Blockers), Calcium Channel Blockers, Diuretics

    • Beta 1, Beta 2, Alpha 1, Alpha 2 Blockers

    • Quit smoking, quit eating fatty foods, work out more, and less alcohol consumption

    Correct Answer
    A. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, B Receptor Blockers( B-Blockers), Calcium Channel Blockers, Diuretics
  • 43. 

    Most smooth muscle are single unit _______

    • Multi unit

    • Visceral

    • Tonic

    • Phasic

    Correct Answer
    A. Visceral
    Explanation
    yes smooth muscle is either tonic or phasic but the question was what kind of single unit are they.

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  • 44. 

    What substrates make 5 ALA in heme production?

    • ALA Synthase, ferrochelatase, and glycine

    • Succinyl-CoA, Glycine and ALA Synthase

    • Succinyl-CoA, ALA Synthase, and porphobilinogen

    • Glycine, Succinyl-CoA, and Coprophophyrigen III

    Correct Answer
    A. Succinyl-CoA, Glycine and ALA Synthase
  • 45. 

    What are the class of diseases called in which the pathways to making heme are altered?

    • Bad heme production

    • Thalassemia

    • Porphyrias

    • Sickle cell anemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Porphyrias
  • 46. 

    How are antibodies produced?

    • The mitochondria

    • Plasma cells

    • Red blood cells

    • By antigens

    Correct Answer
    A. Plasma cells
  • 47. 

    What do CD4 helper T lymphocytes do?

    • Helper T cells, facilitate immune responce

    • Cytotoxic T cells, directly kill infection

    • Produce antibodies

    • Pinocytosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Helper T cells, facilitate immune responce
  • 48. 

    Which immune response is highly specific, highly effective?

    • CD8

    • CD4

    • Neutrophils

    • Macrophages

    Correct Answer
    A. CD8
  • 49. 

    What prevent capillaries from being too leaky

    • Pericytes

    • Smooth muscle

    • Fiberous tissue

    • Starling forces

    Correct Answer
    A. Pericytes

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 20, 2022 +

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  • Mar 20, 2022
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