NCLEX Practice Exam 12 (10 Questions)

2.

A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:

Passing water through a dialyzing membrane
Eliminating plasma proteins from the blood
Lowering the pH by removing nonvolatile acids
Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane

Correct Answer

A. Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane

Explanation

Hemodialysis works by using a dialyzing membrane to filter waste that has accumulated in the blood. It does not pass water through a dialyzing membrane nor does it eliminate plasma proteins or lower the pH. so answers A. B. and C are incorrect.

Rate this question:

3.

During a home visit. a client with AIDS tells the nurse that he has been exposed to measles. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Administer an antibiotic
Contact the physician for an order for immune globulin
Administer an antiviral
Tell the client that he should remain in isolation for 2 weeks

Correct Answer

A. Contact the physician for an order for immune globulin

Explanation

The client who is immunosuppressed and is exposed to measles should be treated with medications to boost his immunity to the virus. An antibiotic or antiviral will not protect the client and it is too late to place the client in isolation. so answers A. C. and D are incorrect.

Rate this question:

4.

A client hospitalized with MRSA (methicillin-resistant staph aureus) is placed on contact precautions. Which statement is true regarding precautions for infections spread by contact?

The client should be placed in a room with negative pressure.
Infection requires close contact; therefore. the door may remain open.
Transmission is highly likely. so the client should wear a mask at all times.
Infection requires skin-to-skin contact and is prevented by hand washing. gloves. and a gown.

Correct Answer

A. Infection requires skin-to-skin contact and is prevented by hand washing. gloves. and a gown.

Explanation

The client with MRSA should be placed in isolation. Gloves. a gown. and a mask should be used when caring for the client and hand washing is very important. The door should remain closed. but a negative-pressure room is not necessary. so answers A and B are incorrect. MRSA is spread by contact with blood or body fluid or by touching the skin of the client. It is cultured from the nasal passages of the client. so the client should be instructed to cover his nose and mouth when he sneezes or coughs. It is not necessary for the client to wear the mask at all times; the nurse should wear the mask. so answer C is incorrect.

Rate this question:

5.

A client who is admitted with an above-the-knee amputation tells the nurse that his foot hurts and itches. Which response by the nurse indicates understanding of phantom limb pain?

“The pain will go away in a few days.”
“The pain is due to peripheral nervous system interruptions. I will get you some pain medication.”
“The pain is psychological because your foot is no longer there.”
“The pain and itching are due to the infection you had before the surgery.”

Correct Answer

A. “The pain is due to peripheral nervous system interruptions. I will get you some pain medication.”

Explanation

Pain related to phantom limb syndrome is due to peripheral nervous system interruption. Answer: A. is incorrect because phantom limb pain can last several months or indefinitely. Answer: C. is incorrect because it is not psychological. It is also not due to infections. as stated in answer D.

Rate this question:

6.

A client with cancer of the pancreas has undergone a Whipple procedure. The nurse is aware that during the Whipple procedure. the doctor will remove the:

Head of the pancreas
Proximal third section of the small intestines
Stomach and duodenum
Esophagus and jejunum

Correct Answer

A. Head of the pancreas

Explanation

During a Whipple procedure the head of the pancreas. which is a part of the stomach. the jejunum. and a portion of the stomach are removed and anastomosed. Answer: B. is incorrect because the proximal third of the small intestine is not removed. The entire stomach is not removed. as in answer C. and in answer D. the esophagus is not removed.

Rate this question:

7.

The physician has ordered a minimal-bacteria diet for a client with neutropenia. The client should be taught to AVOID eating:

Packed fruits
Salt
Fresh raw pepper
Ketchup

Correct Answer

A. Fresh raw pepper

Explanation

Fresh raw or whole pepper are not allowed unless thoroughly cooked in food. Canned fruits are allowed since they are processed and pasteurized. Salt. ketchup. and sugar are allowed.

Rate this question:

8.

A client is discharged home with a prescription for Coumadin (sodium warfarin). The client should be instructed to:

Have a Protime done monthly
Eat more fruits and vegetables
Drink more liquids
Avoid crowds

Correct Answer

A. Have a Protime done monthly

Explanation

Coumadin is an anticoagulant. One of the tests for bleeding time is a Protime. This test should be done monthly. Eating more fruits and vegetables is not necessary. and dark-green vegetables contain vitamin K. which increases clotting. so answer B is incorrect. Drinking more liquids and avoiding crowds is not necessary. so answers C and D are incorrect.

Rate this question:

9.

The nurse is assisting the physician with removal of a central venous catheter. To facilitate removal. the nurse should instruct the client to:

Perform the Valsalva maneuver as the catheter is advanced
Turn his head to the left side and hyperextend the neck
Take slow. deep breaths as the catheter is removed
Turn his head to the right while maintaining a sniffing position

Correct Answer

A. Perform the Valsalva maneuver as the catheter is advanced

Explanation

The client who is having a central venous catheter removed should be told to hold his breath and bear down. This prevents air from entering the line. Answers B. C. and D will not facilitate removal.

Rate this question:

10.

A client has an order for streptokinase. Before administering the medication. the nurse should assess the client for:

Allergies to pineapples and bananas
A history of streptococcal infections
Prior therapy with phenytoin
A history of alcohol abuse

Correct Answer

A. A history of streptococcal infections

Explanation

Clients with a history of streptococcal infections could have antibodies that render the streptokinase ineffective. There is no reason to assess the client for allergies to pineapples or bananas. there is no correlation to the use of phenytoin and streptokinase. and a history of alcohol abuse is also not a factor in the order for streptokinase; therefore. answers A. C. and D are incorrect.

Rate this question:

NCLEX Practice Exam 12 (10 Questions)

The primary reason for rapid continuous rewarming of the area affected by frostbite is to:

Quiz Preview

A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:

During a home visit. a client with AIDS tells the nurse that he has been exposed to measles. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A client hospitalized with MRSA (methicillin-resistant staph aureus) is placed on contact precautions. Which statement is true regarding precautions for infections spread by contact?

A client who is admitted with an above-the-knee amputation tells the nurse that his foot hurts and itches. Which response by the nurse indicates understanding of phantom limb pain?

A client with cancer of the pancreas has undergone a Whipple procedure. The nurse is aware that during the Whipple procedure. the doctor will remove the:

The physician has ordered a minimal-bacteria diet for a client with neutropenia. The client should be taught to AVOID eating:

A client is discharged home with a prescription for Coumadin (sodium warfarin). The client should be instructed to:

The nurse is assisting the physician with removal of a central venous catheter. To facilitate removal. the nurse should instruct the client to:

A client has an order for streptokinase. Before administering the medication. the nurse should assess the client for: