Nervous System | Neurological Disorders NCLEX Quiz 50

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  • 1/10 Questions

    A client admitted to the hospital with a subarachnoid hemorrhage has complaints of severe headache. nuchal rigidity. and projectile vomiting. The nurse knows lumbar puncture (LP) would be contraindicated in this client in which of the following circumstances?

    • Vomiting continues
    • Intracranial pressure (ICP) is increased
    • The client needs mechanical ventilation
    • Blood is anticipated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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Nervous System | Neurological Disorders NCLEX Quiz 50 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    The client is having a lumbar puncture performed. The nurse would plan to place the client in which position for the procedure?

    • Side-lying. with legs pulled up and head bent down onto the chest

    • Side-lying. with a pillow under the hip

    • Prone. in a slight Trendelenburg’s position

    • Prone. with a pillow under the abdomen.

    Correct Answer
    A. Side-lying. with legs pulled up and head bent down onto the chest
    Explanation
    The client undergoing lumbar puncture is positioned lying on the side. with the legs pulled up to the abdomen. and with the head bent down onto the chest. This position helps to open the spaces between the vertebrae.

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  • 3. 

    A client with subdural hematoma was given mannitol to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following results would best show the mannitol was effective?

    • Urine output increases

    • Pupils are 8 mm and nonreactive

    • Systolic blood pressure remains at 150 mm Hg

    • BUN and creatinine levels return to normal

    Correct Answer
    A. Urine output increases
    Explanation
    Mannitol promotes osmotic diuresis by increasing the pressure gradient in the renal tubes.Option B: Fixed and dilated pupils are symptoms of increased ICP or cranial nerve damage.Options C and D: No information is given about abnormal BUN and creatinine levels or that mannitol is being given for renal dysfunction or blood pressure maintenance.

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  • 4. 

    A client with a subdural hematoma becomes restless and confused. with dilation of the ipsilateral pupil. The physician orders mannitol for which of the following reasons?

    • To reduce intraocular pressure

    • To prevent acute tubular necrosis

    • To promote osmotic diuresis to decrease ICP

    • To draw water into the vascular system to increase blood pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. To promote osmotic diuresis to decrease ICP
    Explanation
    Mannitol promotes osmotic diuresis by increasing the pressure gradient. drawing fluid from intracellular to intravascular spaces. Although mannitol is used for all the reasons described. the reduction of ICP in this client is a concern.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following signs and symptoms of increased ICP after head trauma would appear first?

    • Bradycardia

    • Large amounts of very dilute urine

    • Restlessness and confusion

    • Widened pulse pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. Restlessness and confusion
    Explanation
    The earliest symptom of elevated ICP is a change in mental status.Option A and D: Bradycardia. widened pulse pressure. and bradypnea occur later.Option B: The client may void large amounts of very dilute urine if there’s damage to the posterior pituitary.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following values is considered normal for ICP?

    • 0 to 15 mm Hg

    • 25 mm Hg

    • 35 to 45 mm Hg

    • 120/80 mm Hg

    Correct Answer
    A. 0 to 15 mm Hg
    Explanation
    Normal ICP is 0-15 mm Hg.

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  • 7. 

    While cooking. your client couldn’t feel the temperature of a hot oven. Which lobe could be dysfunctional?

    • Frontal

    • Occipital

    • Parietal

    • Temporal

    Correct Answer
    A. Parietal
    Explanation
    The parietal lobe regulates sensory function. which would include the ability to sense hot or cold objects.Option A: The frontal lobe regulates thinking. planning. and judgment.Option B: The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for vision function.Option D: The temporal lobe regulates memory.

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  • 8. 

    The nurse is assessing the motor function of an unconscious client. The nurse would plan to use which of the following to test the client’s peripheral response to pain?

    • Sternal rub

    • Pressure on the orbital rim

    • Squeezing the sternocleidomastoid muscle

    • Nail bed pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. Nail bed pressure
    Explanation
    Motor testing on the unconscious client can be done only by testing response to painful stimuli. Nail Bed pressure tests a basic peripheral response.Options A. B. and C: Cerebral responses to pain are testing using sternal rub. placing upward pressure on the orbital rim. or squeezing the clavicle or sternocleidomastoid muscle.

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  • 9. 

    Which of the following symptoms may occur with a phenytoin level of 32 mg/dl?

    • Ataxia and confusion

    • Sodium depletion

    • Tonic-clonic seizure

    • Urinary incontinence

    Correct Answer
    A. Ataxia and confusion
    Explanation
    A therapeutic phenytoin level is 10 to 20 mg/dl. A level of 32 mg/dl indicates toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity include confusion and ataxia.Options B. C. and D: Phenytoin doesn’t cause hyponatremia. seizure. or urinary incontinence. Incontinence may occur during or after a seizure.

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  • 10. 

    Problems with memory and learning would relate to which of the following lobes?

    • Frontal

    • Occipital

    • Parietal

    • Temporal

    Correct Answer
    A. Temporal
    Explanation
    The temporal lobe functions to regulate memory and learning problems because of the integration of the hippocampus.Option A: The frontal lobe primarily functions to regulate thinking. planning. and judgment.Option B: The occipital lobe functions regulate vision.Option C: The parietal lobe primarily functions with sensory function.

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  • Aug 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 29, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Santepro
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