Cardiovascular System | Myocardial Infarction And Heart Failure NCLEX Quiz 17

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  • 1/10 Questions

    A nurse caring for a client in one room is told by another nurse that a second client has developed severe pulmonary edema. On entering the 2nd client’s room. the nurse would expect the client to be:

    • Slightly anxious
    • Mildly anxious
    • Moderately anxious
    • Extremely anxious
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About This Quiz

This quiz focuses on essential aspects of myocardial infarction and heart failure within the cardiovascular system. It covers important signs, symptoms, treatments, and nursing interventions related to heart attacks and heart failure. The questions are designed to reinforce your understanding of patient care, help identify critical clinical features, and support effective decision-making in cardiac care settings.

Ideal for anyone looking to strengthen their grasp on these cardiovascular conditions, this quiz challenges your knowledge and encourages careful thinking about managing heart-related emergencies and ongoing heart failure. Test yourself to enhance your readiness for clinical practice and improve your confidence in providing quality cardiac care.

Cardiovascular System | Myocardial Infarction And Heart Failure NCLEX Quiz 17 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A client who had cardiac surgery 24 hours ago has a urine output averaging 19 ml/hr for 2 hours. The client received a single bolus of 500 ml of IV fluid. Urine output for the subsequent hour was 25 ml. Daily laboratory results indicate the blood urea nitrogen is 45 mg/dL and the serum creatinine is 2.2 mg/dL. A nurse interprets the client is at risk for:

    • Hypovolemia

    • UTI

    • Glomerulonephritis

    • Acute renal failure

    Correct Answer
    A. Acute renal failure
    Explanation
    The client who undergoes cardiac surgery is at risk for renal injury from poor perfusion. hemolysis. low cardiac output. or vasopressor medication therapy. Renal insult is signaled by decreased urine output and increased BUN and creatinine levels. The client may need medications such as dopamine (Intropin) to increase renal perfusion and possibly could need peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.

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  • 3. 

    A client’s electrocardiogram strip shows atrial and ventricular rates of 80 complexes per minute. The PR interval is 0.14 second. and the QRS complex measures 0.08 second. The nurse interprets this rhythm is:

    • Normal sinus rhythm

    • Sinus bradycardia

    • Sinus tachycardia

    • Sinus dysrhythmia

    Correct Answer
    A. Normal sinus rhythm
    Explanation
    The client's electrocardiogram strip shows a normal sinus rhythm because the atrial and ventricular rates are within the normal range of 60-100 complexes per minute. The PR interval is also within the normal range of 0.12-0.20 seconds, indicating normal conduction from the atria to the ventricles. The QRS complex duration is also normal, measuring 0.08 seconds. Therefore, all the parameters of the electrocardiogram are within normal limits, indicating a normal sinus rhythm.

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  • 4. 

    A client with pulmonary edema has been on diuretic therapy. The client has an order for additional furosemide (Lasix) in the amount of 40 mg IV push. Knowing that the client also will be started on Digoxin (Lanoxin). a nurse checks the client’s most recent:

    • Digoxin level

    • Sodium level

    • Potassium level

    • Creatinine level

    Correct Answer
    A. Potassium level
    Explanation
    The serum potassium level is measured in the client receiving digoxin and furosemide. Heightened digitalis effect leading to digoxin toxicity can occur in the client with hypokalemia. Hypokalemia also predisposes the client to ventricular dysrhythmias.

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  • 5. 

    A client has frequent bursts of ventricular tachycardia on the cardiac monitor. A nurse is most concerned with this dysrhythmia because:

    • It is uncomfortable for the client. giving a sense of impending doom.

    • It produces a high cardiac output that quickly leads to cerebral and myocardial ischemia.

    • It is almost impossible to convert to a normal sinus rhythm.

    • It can develop into ventricular fibrillation at any time.

    Correct Answer
    A. It can develop into ventricular fibrillation at any time.
    Explanation
    Ventricular tachycardia is a life-threatening dysrhythmia that results from an irritable ectopic focus that takes over as the pacemaker for the heart.Option A: Client’s frequently experienced a feeling of impending death. Ventricular tachycardia is treated with antiarrhythmic medications or magnesium sulfate. cardioversion (client awake). or defibrillation (loss of consciousness).Option B: The low cardiac output that results can lead quickly to cerebral and myocardial ischemia.Option D: Ventricular tachycardia can deteriorate into ventricular fibrillation at any time.

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  • 6. 

    A home care nurse is making a routine visit to a client receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) in the treatment of heart failure. The nurse would particularly assess the client for:

    • Thrombocytopenia and weight gain

    • Anorexia. nausea. and visual disturbances

    • Diarrhea and hypotension

    • Fatigue and muscle twitching

    Correct Answer
    A. Anorexia. nausea. and visual disturbances
    Explanation
    The first signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity in adults include abdominal pain. N/V. visual disturbances (blurred. yellow. or green vision. halos around lights). bradycardia. and other dysrhythmias.

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  • 7. 

    The physician orders continuous intravenous nitroglycerin infusion for the client with MI. Essential nursing actions include which of the following?

    • Obtaining an infusion pump for the medication

    • Monitoring BP q4h

    • Monitoring urine output hourly

    • Obtaining serum potassium levels daily

    Correct Answer
    A. Obtaining an infusion pump for the medication
    Explanation
    IV nitro infusion requires an infusion pump for precise control of the medication.Option B: BP monitoring would be done with a continuous system. and more frequently than every 4 hours.Option C: Hourly urine outputs are not always required.Option D: Obtaining serum potassium levels is not associated with nitroglycerin infusion.

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  • 8. 

    Aspirin is administered to the client experiencing an MI because of its:

    • Antipyretic action

    • Antithrombotic action

    • Antiplatelet action

    • Analgesic action

    Correct Answer
    A. Antithrombotic action
    Explanation
    Aspirin does have antipyretic. antiplatelet. and analgesic actions. but the primary reason ASA is administered to the client experiencing an MI is its antithrombotic action.

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  • 9. 

    A nurse is preparing to ambulate a client on the 3rd day after cardiac surgery. The nurse would plan to do which of the following to enable the client to best tolerate the ambulation?

    • Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe

    • Premedicate the client with an analgesic

    • Provide the client with a walker

    • Remove telemetry equipment because it weighs down the hospital gown.

    Correct Answer
    A. Premedicate the client with an analgesic
    Explanation
    The nurse should encourage regular use of pain medication for the first 48 to 72 hours after cardiac surgery because analgesia will promote rest. decrease myocardial oxygen consumption resulting from pain. and allow better participation in activities such as coughing. deep breathing. and ambulation.Options A and C will not help in tolerating ambulation.Option D: Removal of telemetry equipment is contraindicated unless prescribed.

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  • 10. 

    A client with angina complains that the angina pain is prolonged and severe and occurs at the same time each day. most often in the morning. On further assessment a nurse notes that the pain occurs in the absence of precipitating factors. This type of anginal pain is best described as:

    • Stable angina

    • Unstable angina

    • Variant angina

    • Nonanginal pain

    Correct Answer
    A. Variant angina
    Explanation
    Variant angina. or Prinzmetal’s angina. is prolonged and severe and occurs at the same time each day. most often in the morning.Option A: Stable angina is induced by exercise and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin tablets.Option B: Unstable angina occurs at lower and lower levels of activity and rest. is less predictable and is often a precursor of myocardial infarction.

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  • Current Version
  • Jun 13, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 21, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Santepro
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