NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 39 Pediatric Medications And Administrations

1. The nurse is giving instructions to a mother with a child receiving a liquid oral iron supplement. The nurse tells the mother to:

Take it with meals.

Mix it with food.

Mix it with milk.

Administer it using a straw.

An oral liquid iron supplement should be given with a straw because the medicine will stain the teeth.Option A: Taking it with meals will decrease the absorption.Options B and C: Iron is not mixed with any food/drink.

Explanation

An oral liquid iron supplement should be given with a straw because the medicine will stain the teeth.Option A: Taking it with meals will decrease the absorption.Options B and C: Iron is not mixed with any food/drink.

2. A child with known hemophilia A was brought to the emergency room with complaints of nose bleeding and some bruises in the joints. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate to be given to the child?

Oral iron supplement.

Cyclosporine.

Factor X.

Factor VIII

Hemophilia A, also called factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency or classic hemophilia, is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective factor VIII, a clotting protein. The initial treatment is the administration of factor VIII to replace the missing factor and decreases the bleeding episode.

Explanation

Hemophilia A, also called factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency or classic hemophilia, is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective factor VIII, a clotting protein. The initial treatment is the administration of factor VIII to replace the missing factor and decreases the bleeding episode.

3. A nurse is handling a child who is on a Furosemide (Lasix) IV infusion. The nurse instruct the mother to encourage the child to eat which of the following?

Apricot and baked potato skin.

Bread and butter.

Gelatin and Cauliflower.

Ginger ale and cereal.

One of the side effects of taking furosemide is hypokalemia, so a supplemental food rich in potassium is encouraged.

Options B, C, and D are low in potassium.

Explanation

One of the side effects of taking furosemide is hypokalemia, so a supplemental food rich in potassium is encouraged.

Options B, C, and D are low in potassium.

4. The nurse is reviewing the child's record who is scheduled to receive inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Which of the following would prompt the nurse to withhold the administration?

History of upper respiratory infections.

History of an anaphylactic reaction to streptomycin.

History of recent diarrheal episodes.

History of redness at the previous injection site.

Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) contains a trace amount of streptomycin, neomycin, and polymyxin.

Options A, C, and D are not contraindicated with this vaccine.

Explanation

Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) contains a trace amount of streptomycin, neomycin, and polymyxin.

Options A, C, and D are not contraindicated with this vaccine.

5. Which of the following is not true regarding varicella vaccine?

It is administered subcutaneously.

Children 13 years and older (With no history of chickenpox or have not previously vaccinated) need two doses given at least 28 days apart.

Give aspirin for any injection-related pain.

The most common mild side effects are pain

Children receiving varicella vaccine should avoid aspirin or aspirin containing products because of the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

Explanation

Children receiving varicella vaccine should avoid aspirin or aspirin containing products because of the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

6. A child with B-thalassemia is undergoing a blood transfusion. To prevent organ damage from the excessive amount of iron

Dextromethorphan.

Desirudin.

Deferasirox.

Desipramine.

Chelation therapy with deferasirox (Exjade) or deferoxamine (Desferal) is prescribed to prevent organ damage from the presence of too much iron in the body as a result of the transfusion.Option A is a cough suppressant.Option B is a thrombin inhibitor.Option D is an antidepressant.

Explanation

Chelation therapy with deferasirox (Exjade) or deferoxamine (Desferal) is prescribed to prevent organ damage from the presence of too much iron in the body as a result of the transfusion.Option A is a cough suppressant.Option B is a thrombin inhibitor.Option D is an antidepressant.

7. An unconscious child is brought to the emergency room due to Tylenol poisoning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

Administer mucomyst P.O.

Gastric lavage with activated charcoal.

Gastric Lavage with activated charcoal and mucomyst.

Administer ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

In an unconscious child with Tylenol poisoning, the priority intervention is to administer gastric lavage with activated charcoal to decrease the absorption of Tylenol.

Option A is not correct due to the risk of aspiration.
Option C: Activated charcoal inactivates mucomyst.
Option D is the drug of choice for lead poisoning.

Explanation

In an unconscious child with Tylenol poisoning, the priority intervention is to administer gastric lavage with activated charcoal to decrease the absorption of Tylenol.

Option A is not correct due to the risk of aspiration.
Option C: Activated charcoal inactivates mucomyst.
Option D is the drug of choice for lead poisoning.

8. A 6-year-old child is scheduled to have measles

Intramuscularly in the vastus lateralis muscle.

Intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle.

Subcutaneously in the gluteal area.

Subcutaneously in the outer aspect of the upper arm.

(MMR) the vaccine is administered subcutaneously in the outer aspect of the upper arm.Options A and B: MMR is not administered intramuscularly.Option C: Gluteal area is not used as a site.

Explanation

(MMR) the vaccine is administered subcutaneously in the outer aspect of the upper arm.Options A and B: MMR is not administered intramuscularly.Option C: Gluteal area is not used as a site.

9. A 4 month-year-old infant has just received diphtheria

Application of cold compress.

Application of hot compress.

Monitor for signs of fever.

Report to the clinic for a repeat injection on the other site.

Redness, tenderness or swelling may happen at the site of injection. This will be relieved through cool application for the first 24 hours, followed by warm compress if inflammation persists.

Options B, C, and D are inappropriate intervention.

Explanation

Redness, tenderness or swelling may happen at the site of injection. This will be relieved through cool application for the first 24 hours, followed by warm compress if inflammation persists.

Options B, C, and D are inappropriate intervention.

10. A child with Kawasaki disease is admitted to the pediatric ward. Which of the following medications will you expect to be a part of the treatment? Select all that apply:

Gamma Globulin.

Warfarin.

Acetaminophen.

Aspirin.

Atenolol.

The principal goal of treatment for Kawasaki disease is to prevent coronary artery disease and to relieve symptoms such as fever and joint pain so an antipyretic, antiplatelet, and gamma globulin is used.

Option C is antipyretic but is not responsive to this disease.
Option D is a beta blocker.

Explanation

The principal goal of treatment for Kawasaki disease is to prevent coronary artery disease and to relieve symptoms such as fever and joint pain so an antipyretic, antiplatelet, and gamma globulin is used.

Option C is antipyretic but is not responsive to this disease.
Option D is a beta blocker.

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