ATI Pharmacology Quiz: Challenge Your Drug Knowledge
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A nurse working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has benzodiazepine toxicity due to an overdose. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority?
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Administer flumazenil.
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Identify the client’s level of consciousness.
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Infuse IV fluids.
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Prepare the client for gastric lavage.
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Welcome to ATI Pharm Questions: Week 6 to 10! Dive deeper into the world of pharmacology with this comprehensive quiz series designed to challenge your knowledge and prepare you for success.
In these five weeks of pharmaceutical exploration, you'll encounter a wide range of questions covering essential topics such as drug classifications, mechanisms of action, side effects, and dosage calculations. See moreWhether you're a nursing student, a healthcare professional, or simply interested in pharmacology, these quizzes are here to sharpen your skills and reinforce your understanding.
Each week's set of questions is carefully crafted to provide a well-rounded review of pharmaceutical concepts. Put your knowledge to the test, track your progress, and gain confidence in your pharmacological expertise.
So, are you ready to embark on this educational journey? Click 'Start Quiz' and let's dive into the world of ATI Pharm Questions: Week 6 to 10. Good luck, and may your pharmaceutical knowledge flourish!
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- 2.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for escitalopram for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
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“I should take the medication on an empty stomach.”
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“I will follow a low‐sodium diet while taking this medication.”
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“I need to discontinue this medication slowly.”
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“I should not crush this medication before swallowing.”
Correct Answer
A. “I need to discontinue this medication slowly.”Explanation
A. The client can take this medication with food for GI distress or without food.
B. The client is at risk for hyponatremia while taking escitalopram.
C. CORRECT: When discontinuing escitalopram, the client should taper the medication slowly according to a prescribed tapered dosing schedule to reduce the risk of withdrawal syndrome.
D. The client can crush escitalopram before swallowing.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for buspirone to treat anxiety. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
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“Take this medication on an empty stomach“
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“Expect optimal therapeutic effects within 24 hr.”
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“Take this medication when needed for psychosis”
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“This medication has a low risk for dependency.”
Correct Answer
A. “This medication has a low risk for dependency.”Explanation
A. The client can take this medication with food to reduce GI distress. B. Buspirone can take up to 3 to 6 weeks to obtain optimal therapeutic effects C. The client should take buspirone on a regular, not PRN, basis because therapeutic effects occur slowly. D. CORRECT: Buspirone has a low risk for physical or psychological dependence or tolerance.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A nurse is teaching a client who has obsessive‐compulsive disorder and has a new prescription for paroxetine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
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“It can take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping.”
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“Take the medication just before bedtime to promote sleep.”
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“You should take the medication when needed for obsessive urges.”
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“monitor for weight gain while taking this medication.”
Correct Answer
A. “It can take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping.”Explanation
A. CORRECT: Paroxetine can take 1 to 4 weeks before the client reaches full therapeutic bene t.
B. Take paroxetine in the morning to prevent insomnia.
C. Take paroxetine on a regular basis rather than an as‐needed basis.
D. Paroxetine can cause decreased appetite and weight loss.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A nurse is caring for a client who takes paroxetine to treat posttraumatic stress disorder and reports that he grinds his teeth during the night. The nurse should identify which of the following interventions to manage bruxism? (Select all that apply.)
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Concurrent administration of buspirone
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Administration of a different SSRI
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Use of a mouth guard
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Changing to a different class of antidepressant medication
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Increasing the dose of paroxetine
Correct Answer(s)
A. Concurrent administration of buspirone
A. Use of a mouth guard
A. Changing to a different class of antidepressant medicationExplanation
A. CORRECT: Concurrent administration of a low dose of buspirone is an effective measure to manage the adverse effects of paroxetine.
B. Other SSRIs also will have bruxism as an adverse effect. This is not an effective measure.
C. CORRECT: Using a mouth guard during sleep can decrease the risk for oral damage resulting from bruxism.
D. CORRECT: Changing to different class of antidepressant medication that does not have the adverse effect of bruxism is an effective measure.
E. Increasing the dose of paroxetine can cause the adverse effect of bruxism to worsen. This is not an effective measure.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine for the treatment of depression. Which of the following indicates that the client has developed an adverse effect of this medication?
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Orthostatic hypotension
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hearing loss
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Gastrointestinal bleeding
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Weight loss
Correct Answer
A. Orthostatic hypotensionExplanation
A. CORRECT: Orthostatic hypotension is an adverse of effect of mAOIs, including phenelzine.
B. Phenelzine is more likely to cause blurred vision than hearing loss.
C. Clients taking phenelzine are at risk for multiple adverse effects. however, these do not include GI bleeding.
D. Clients taking phenelzine are at risk for weight gain rather than weight loss.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for amitriptyline for treatment of depression. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hr.
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Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
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Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
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Decrease dietary ber intake to control diarrhea.
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Chew sugarless gum to prevent dry mouth.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
A. Chew sugarless gum to prevent dry mouth.Explanation
A. Therapeutic effects are expected after several weeks of taking amitriptyline.
B. Stopping amitriptyline abruptly can result in relapse.
C. CORRECT: Changing positions slowly helps prevent orthostatic hypotension, which is an adverse effect of amitriptyline.
D. Clients should increase dietary ber to prevent constipation, which is an adverse effect of amitriptyline.
E. CORRECT: Chewing sugarless gum can minimize dry mouth, which is an adverse effect of amitriptyline.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for fluoxetine for posttraumatic stress disorder. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
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“You may have a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication.
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“You should take this medication at bedtime to help promote sleep.”
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“You will have fewer urinary adverse effects if you urinate just before taking this medication.”
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“You’ll need to wear sunglasses when outdoors due to the light sensitivity caused by this medication.”
Correct Answer
A. “You may have a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication.Explanation
A. CORRECT: Decreased libido is a potential adverse effect of fluoxetine and other SSRIs.
B. Clients should take fluoxetine in the morning due to CNS stimulation.
C. Clients taking a TCA, rather than fluoxetine, should void prior to taking the medication due to the potential for urinary hesitancy or retention.
D. Clients taking a TCA, rather than fluoxetine, should wear sunglasses when outdoors due to the potential for photophobia.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A nurse is caring for a client who has depression and a new prescription for venlafaxine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor this client? (Select all that apply)
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Hypertension
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Vision Changes
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Decreased libido
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Alopecia
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Hypotension
Correct Answer(s)
A. Hypertension
A. Vision Changes
A. Decreased libidoExplanation
A. CORRECT Hypertension (high blood pressure) is also important when a client is taking venlafaxine. Venlafaxine can lead to an increase in blood pressure in some individuals. B. CORRECT: Dizziness is a common adverse effect of venlafaxine. C. CORRECT: Sexual dysfunction, such as decreased libido, decreased orgasm, impotence, and menstrual changes are adverse effects of venlafaxine. D. Alopecia is not an adverse effect of venlafaxine. E. hypertension and tachycardia are adverse effects of venlafaxine.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking sertraline for the past 2 days. Which of the following assessment findings should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client is developing serotonin syndrome?
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Bruising
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Fever
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Abdominal pain
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Rash
Correct Answer
A. FeverExplanation
A. Bleeding can result if an SSRI is administered with warfarin. however, this is not an indication of serotonin syndrome.
B. CORRECT: Fever is a manifestation of serotonin syndrome, which can result from taking an SSRI such as sertraline.
C. Abdominal pain is not an indication of serotonin syndrome.
D. A localized rash is associated with transdermal preparation. however, it is not an indication of serotonin syndrome.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has been experiencing insomnia and has a new prescription for temazepam. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following manifestations are adverse effects of temazepam? (Select all that apply.)
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Incoordination
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Hypertension
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Pruritus
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Sleep driving
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Amnesia
Correct Answer(s)
A. Incoordination
A. Sleep driving
A. AmnesiaExplanation
A. CORRECT: Due to CNS depression, incoordination is an adverse effect of temazepam.
B. hypotension is an adverse effect of temazepam.
C. Pruritus is not an adverse effect of temazepam.
D. CORRECT: Sleep driving (driving after taking the medication without memory of doing so) is an adverse effect of temazepam.
E. CORRECT: Retrograde amnesia, the inability to remember the events that occurred after taking the medication,
can occur as an adverse effect of temazepam.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving moderate sedation with diazepam IV. The client is oversedated. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client?
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Ketamine
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Naltrexone
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Flumazenil
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Fluvoxamine
Correct Answer
A. FlumazenilExplanation
A. ketamine is an anesthetic agent. B. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist used to treat opioid overdose and alcohol use disorders. C. CORRECT: Although rarely used, Flumazenil is a competitive benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the sedation and other effects of benzodiazepines. D. Fluvoxamine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used to treat depression.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ramelteon. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods while taking this medication?
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Baked potato
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Fried chicken
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Whole‐grain bread
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Citrus fruits
Correct Answer
A. Fried chickenExplanation
A. A baked potato does not affect absorption of ramelteon.
B. CORRECT: high‐fat foods, such as fried chicken prolong the absorption of ramelteon and should be avoided.
C. Whole‐grain breads do not affect the absorption of ramelteon.
D. Citrus fruits do not affect the absorption of ramelteon.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to undergo a surgical procedure. Which of the following preexisting conditions can be a contraindication for the use of ketamine as an intravenous anesthetic?
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Peptic ulcer disease
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Breast cancer
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Diabetes mellitus
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Schizophrenia
Correct Answer
A. SchizophreniaExplanation
A. Peptic ulcer disease is not a contraindication for the use of ketamine.
B. Breast cancer is not a contraindication for the use of ketamine.
C. Diabetes mellitus is not a contraindication for the use of ketamine.
D. CORRECT: ketamine can produce psychological effects, such as hallucinations. Therefore, schizophrenia can be a contraindication for the use of ketamine.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A nurse is providing instructions to a female client who has a new prescription for zolpidem. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
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“Notify the provider if you plan to become pregnant.”
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“Take the medication 1 hr before you plan to go to sleep.” “Take the medication 1 hr before you plan to go to sleep.” “Take the medication 1 hr before you plan to go to sleep.”
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“Allow at least 6 hr for sleep when taking zolpidem.”
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“To increase the effectiveness of zolpidem, take it with a bedtime snack.”
Correct Answer
A. “Notify the provider if you plan to become pregnant.”Explanation
A. CORRECT: Zolpidem is Pregnancy Risk Category C. The client should notify the provider if she plans to become pregnant.
B. Zolpidem should be taken at bedtime.
C. The client should allow at least 8 hr for sleep when taking zolpidem.
D. Zolpidem is absorbed best on an empty stomach.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A nurse is teaching a client who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the client to minimize anticholinergic effects?
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Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia.
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Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.
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Use cooling measures to decrease fever.
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Take an antacid to relieve nausea.
Correct Answer
A. Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.Explanation
A. Insomnia is not an anticholinergic effect.
B. CORRECT: Chewing sugarless gum can help the client cope
with dry mouth, a potential anticholinergic effect of uphenazine.
C. Fever is not an anticholinergic effect.
D. Nausea is not an anticholinergic effect.Rate this question:
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- 17.
A nurse is assessing a male client who recently began taking haloperidol. Which of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
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Shuffling gait
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Neck spasms
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Drowsiness
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Impotence
Correct Answer
A. Neck spasmsExplanation
A. Shuffling gait is an indication of parkinsonism and should be reported to the provider. however, this is not the greatest risk to the client and is therefore not the priority finding. B. CORRECT: Neck spasms are an indication of acute dystonia which is a crisis situation requiring rapid treatment. This is the greatest risk to the client and is therefore the priority finding. C. Drowsiness is an adverse effect of haloperidol and should be reported to the provider. however, this is not the greatest risk to the client and is therefore not the priority finding. D. Sexual dysfunction is an adverse effect of haloperidol and should be reported to the provider. however, this is not the greatest risk to the client and is therefore not the priority.Rate this question:
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- 18.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clozapine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
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“You should have a high carbohydrate snack between meals and at bedtime.”
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“You are likely to develop hand tremors if you take this medication for a long period of time.”
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'You may experience temporary numbness of your mouth after each dose.”
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“You should have your white blood cell count monitored every week.”
Correct Answer
A. “You should have your white blood cell count monitored every week.”Explanation
A. Clozapine increases the client’s risk of developing diabetes mellitus and weight gain. It is not appropriate to increase carbohydrate intake. B. Clozapine has a low risk of EPS such as hand tremors. C. Asenapine, rather than clozapine, causes temporary numbing of the mouth. D. CORRECT: Due to the risk for fatal agranulocytosis weekly monitoring of the client’s WBC count is recommended while taking clozapine.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A nurse is providing teaching for a male client who has schizophrenia and is taking risperidone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
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“Add extra snacks to your diet to prevent weight loss.”
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“Notify the provider if you develop breast enlargement.”
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“You may begin to have mild seizures while taking this medication.”
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“This medication is likely to increase your libido.”
Correct Answer
A. “Notify the provider if you develop breast enlargement.”Explanation
A. Risperidone and other atypical antidepressants cause weight gain and the client should be taught to maintain a lower‐calorie balanced diet.
B. CORRECT: Gynecomastia (breast enlargement) and galactorrhea can occur due to an increase in prolactin levels while taking risperidone. The client should inform the provider if these manifestations occur.
C. Seizures are not an adverse effect of risperidone.
D. Sexual dysfunction, causing decreased libido and impotence are adverse effects of risperidone.Rate this question:
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- 20.
A nurse is preparing to perform a follow‐up assessment on a client who takes chlorpromazine for the treatment of schizophrenia. The nurse should expect to find the greatest improvement in which of the following manifestations? (Select all that apply.)
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Disorganized speech
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Bizarre behavior
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Impaired social interactions
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Hallucinations
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Decreased motivation
Correct Answer(s)
A. Disorganized speech
A. Bizarre behavior
A. HallucinationsExplanation
A. CORRECT: A client who takes a conventional antipsychotic medication, such as chlorpromazine, should have the greatest improvement in positive symptoms such as disorganized speech.
B. CORRECT: A client who takes a conventional antipsychotic medication, such as chlorpromazine, should have the greatest improvement in positive symptoms such as bizarre behavior.
C. Conventional antipsychotic medications, such as chlorpromazine, have less effect on negative symptoms such as impaired social interactions.
D. CORRECT: A client who takes a conventional antipsychotic medication, such as chlorpromazine, should have the greatest improvement in positive symptoms such as hallucinations.
E. Conventional antipsychotic medications, such as chlorpromazine, have less effect on negative symptoms such as decreased motivation.Rate this question:
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- 21.
A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings and notes that a client’s plasma lithium level is 2.1 mEq/L. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
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Perform immediate gastric lavage.
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Prepare the client for hemodialysis.
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Administer an additional oral dose of lithium.
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Request a stat repeat of the laboratory test.
Correct Answer
A. Perform immediate gastric lavage.Explanation
A. CORRECT: Gastric lavage is appropriate for a client who has severe toxicity, as evidenced by a plasma lithium level of 2.1 mEq/L. This action will lower the client’s lithium level. B. hemodialysis is appropriate for a client who has a plasma lithium level greater than 2.5 mEq/L. C. Administering an additional dose of lithium will worsen the level of toxicity. D. There is no indication that the client needs another laboratory test, and this action can delay needed treatment.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for lithium carbonate. When teaching the client about ways to prevent lithium toxicity, the nurse should advise the client to do which of the following?
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Avoid the use of acetaminophen for headaches
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Restrict intake of foods rich in sodium.
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Decrease fluid intake to less than 1,500 mL daily
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Limit aerobic activity in hot weather or hydrate very well by doing so.
Correct Answer
A. Limit aerobic activity in hot weather or hydrate very well by doing so.Explanation
A. The client should use acetaminophen, rather than NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, for headaches because NSAIDs interact with lithium and can cause increased blood levels of lithium. B. The client should increase, rather than decrease, sodium intake to reduce the risk for toxicity. C. The client should increase, rather than decrease, uid intake to reduce the risk for toxicity. D. CORRECT: The client should avoid activities that have the potential to cause sodium/water depletion, which can increase the risk for toxicity.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A nurse is assessing a client who takes lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar disorder. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings as a possible indication of toxicity to this medication?
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Severe hypertension
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Coarse tremors
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Constipation
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Muscle spasms
Correct Answer
A. Coarse tremorsExplanation
A. Severe hypotension, rather than hypertension, is an indication of toxicity.
B. CORRECT: Coarse tremors are an indication of toxicity.
C. Diarrhea, rather than constipation, is an indication of toxicity.
D. muscle weakness, rather than muscle spasm, is an indication of lithium toxicity.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should instruct the client that while taking this medication he will need to have which of the following laboratory tests completed periodically? (Select all that apply.)
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Thrombocyte count
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Hematocrit
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Valproate level
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Liver function tests
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Potassium
Correct Answer(s)
A. Thrombocyte count
A. Valproate level
A. Liver function testsExplanation
A. CORRECT: Treatment with valproic acid can result in thrombocytopenia. The client’s thrombocyte count should be monitored periodically. B. Treatment with valproic acid is not known to have an effect on a client’s hematocrit. C. CORRECT: Treatment with valproic acid can result in pancreatitis. The client’s amylase should be monitored periodically. D. CORRECT: Treatment with valproic acid can result in hepatotoxicity. The client’s liver function should be monitored periodically. E. Treatment with valproic acid is not known to have an effect on a client’s potassium.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a female client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
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“This medication can safely be taken during pregnancy.”
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“Eliminate grapefruit juice from your diet."
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“You will need to have a complete blood count and carbamazepine levels drawn periodically.”
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“Notify your provider if you develop a rash.”
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“Avoid driving for the first few days after starting this medication.”
Correct Answer(s)
A. “Eliminate grapefruit juice from your diet."
A. “You will need to have a complete blood count and carbamazepine levels drawn periodically.”
A. “Notify your provider if you develop a rash.”
A. “Avoid driving for the first few days after starting this medication.”Explanation
A. Carbamazepine is a Pregnancy Category Risk D medication. The client should be instructed to avoid pregnancy while taking carbamazepine. B. CORRECT: Grapefruit juice affects carbamazepine metabolism and should be avoided. C. CORRECT: Carbamazepine blood levels and the CBC should be monitored during therapy. The client is at risk for bone marrow depression while taking carbamazepine and should notify the provider for a sore throat or other manifestations of an infection. D. CORRECT: Carbamazepine can cause Stevens‐Johnson syndrome, which can be fatal. The client should notify the provider promptly if a rash occurs. E. CORRECT: CNS effects such as drowsiness or dizziness can occur early in treatment with carbamazepine and the client should avoid activities requiring alertness until these effects subside.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has a new prescription for desipramine. The nurse should instruct the parents that which of the following adverse effects is the priority to report to the provider?
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Constipation
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Suicidal thoughts
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Photophobia
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Dry mouth
Correct Answer
A. Suicidal thoughtsExplanation
A. The client is at risk for constipation because of the anticholinergic effects of desipramine. The client should increase uid intake to reduce the risk of constipation. however, another adverse effect is the priority.
B. CORRECT: The greatest risk to this client is injury from a suicide attempt; therefore, this is the priority. Desipramine can cause suicidal thoughts and behaviors which puts the client at risk. The parents should monitor and report any indication of increased depression or thoughts of suicidal behavior.
C. The client is at risk for photophobia, because of the anticholinergic effects of desipramine. The client should wear sun glasses when exposed to sunlight. however, another adverse effect is the priority.
D. The client is at risk for dry mouth because of the anticholinergic effects of desipramine. The client should increase uids and use hard candy to reduce dry mouth. however, another adverse effect is the priority.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for clomipramine for OCD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication?
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Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
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Check your temperature daily.
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Take this medication in the morning.
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Add extra calories to your diet.
Correct Answer
A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors.Explanation
A. CORRECT: Wearing sunglasses when outdoors will decrease photophobia, an anticholinergic effect associated with TCA use.
B. Checking the client’s temperature daily is not necessary while taking a TCA.
C. The client should take this medication at bedtime rather than in the morning to prevent daytime sleepiness.
D. Following a low‐calorie diet plan will help prevent weight gain, an adverse effect of TCAs.Rate this question:
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- 28.
A nurse is caring for a school‐age child who has a new prescription for atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
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Kidney toxicity
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Liver damage
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Seizure activity
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Adrenal insufficiency
Correct Answer
A. Liver damageExplanation
A. Atomoxetine can cause urinary retention, but not kidney toxicity.
B. CORRECT: Liver damage is an adverse effect of atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor for manifestations such as jaundice, upper abdominal tenderness, darkening of urine, and elevated liver enzymes.
C. Bupropion increases seizure risk at high dosages. Seizure activity is not an adverse effect of atomoxetine.
D. Atomoxetine can cause suicidal ideation and mood swings. Adrenal insuf ciency is not an adverse effect of atomoxetine.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a school‐age child about transdermal methylphenidate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
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Apply one patch twice per day.
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Leave the patch on for 9 hr.
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Apply the patch to the child’s waist.
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Use opened tray within 6 months.
Correct Answer
A. Leave the patch on for 9 hr.Explanation
A. Transdermal methylphenidate is administered once per day.
B. CORRECT: Transdermal methylphenidate is administered for 9 hr/day.
C. Transdermal methylphenidate is applied to the child’s hip.
D. Use the opened tray of transdermal methylphenidate within 2 months.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A nurse is teaching a school‐age child and his parents about a new prescription for lisdexamfetamine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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An adverse effect of this medication is CNS stimulation.
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Administer the medication before bedtime.
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Monitor blood pressure while taking this medication.
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Therapeutic effects of this medication will take 1 to 3 weeks to fully develop.
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This medication raises the levels of dopamine in the brain.
Correct Answer(s)
A. An adverse effect of this medication is CNS stimulation.
A. Monitor blood pressure while taking this medication.
A. This medication raises the levels of dopamine in the brain.Explanation
A. CORRECT: An adverse effect of lisdexamfetamine is CNS stimulation such as insomnia and restlessness.
B. Administer lisdexamfetamine daily in the morning to reduce insomnia.
C. CORRECT: The nurse should instruct the client to monitor his blood pressure due to potential cardiovascular effects of lisdexamfetamine.
D. Therapeutic effects of lisdexamfetamine begin immediately and last 10 to 12 hrs.
E. CORRECT: Lisdexamfetamine, a CNS stimulant, works by raising the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the CNS.Rate this question:
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- 31.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is withdrawing from alcohol and has a new prescription for propranolol. Which of the following information should the nurse to include in the teaching?
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Increases the risk for seizure activity
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Provides a form of aversion therapy
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Decreases cravings
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Results in mild hypertension
Correct Answer
A. Decreases cravingsExplanation
A. Seizure activity is a potential effect of alcohol withdrawal. however, propranolol does not increase this risk.
B. Disul ram, rather than propranolol, provides a form of aversion therapy.
C. CORRECT: Propranolol is an adjunct medication used during withdrawal to decrease the client’s craving for alcohol.
D. Propranolol is an antihypertensive medication that can result in hypotension rather than hypertension.Rate this question:
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- 32.
A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the care of a client experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
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Lorazepam
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Diazepam
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Disulfiram
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Naltrexone
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Acamprosate
Correct Answer(s)
A. Lorazepam
A. DiazepamExplanation
A. CORRECT: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used during alcohol withdrawal to decrease anxiety and reduce the risk for seizures. B. CORRECT: Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used during alcohol withdrawal to decrease anxiety and reduce the risk for seizures. C. Disulfiram is administered to assist the client in maintaining abstinence from alcohol following withdrawal. D. Naltrexone is administered to assist the client in maintaining abstinence from alcohol following withdrawal. E. Acamprosate decreases unpleasant effects, such as anxiety or restlessness, resulting from abstinence. However, it is not used during acute withdrawal.Rate this question:
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- 33.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clonidine to assist with maintenance of abstinence from opioids. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
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Diarrhea
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Dry mouth
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Insomnia
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Hypertension
Correct Answer
A. Dry mouthExplanation
A. Constipation, rather than diarrhea, is a common adverse effect associated with clonidine use.
B. CORRECT: Dry mouth is a common adverse effect associated with clonidine use.
C. Sedation, rather than insomnia, is a common adverse effect associated with clonidine use.
D. Clonidine is more likely to cause hypotension than hypertension.Rate this question:
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- 34.
A nurse is teaching a female client who has tobacco use disorder about nicotine replacement therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
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“I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum.”
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“I will need to stop using the nicotine gum after 1 year.”
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“I know that nicotine gum is a safe alternative to smoking if I become pregnant.”
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“I must chew the nicotine gum quickly for about 15 minutes.”
Correct Answer
A. “I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum.”Explanation
A. CORRECT: The client should avoid eating or drinking 15 min prior to and while chewing the nicotine gum.
B. The client should not use nicotine gum for longer than 6 months.
C. The client should avoid all nicotine products, including nicotine gum, while pregnant or breastfeeding.
D. The client should chew the nicotine gum slowly and intermittently over 30 min.Rate this question:
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- 35.
A nurse in an acute mental health facility is caring for a client who is experiencing withdrawal from opioid use and has a new prescription for clonidine. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as the priority?
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Administer the clonidine on the prescribed schedule.
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Provide ice chips at the client’s bedside.
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Educate the client on the effects of clonidine.
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Obtain baseline vital signs.
Correct Answer
A. Obtain baseline vital signs.Explanation
A. Administering clonidine as prescribed is an important nursing action. however, it is not the priority action.
B. Providing ice chips is an important nursing action. however, it is not the priority action.
C. Educating the client about the medication is an important nursing action. however, it is not the priority action.
D. CORRECT: Assessment is the initial step of the nursing process. Obtaining the client’s baseline vital signs is the priority nursing action.Rate this question:
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- 36.
A nurse is teaching clients in an outpatient facility about the use of insulin to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. For which of the following types of insulin should the nurse tell the clients to expect a peak effect 2 to 3 hr after administration?
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Insulin glargine
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NPh insulin
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Regular insulin
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Insulin lispro
Correct Answer
A. Regular insulinExplanation
A. Insulin glargine, a long‐acting insulin, does not have a peak effect time, but is fairly stable in effect after metabolized. B. NPh insulin has a peak effect around 6 to 14 hr following administration. C. CORRECT: Regular insulin has a peak effect around 2 to 3 hr following administration. D. Insulin lispro has a peak effect around 30 min to 2.5 hr following administration.Rate this question:
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- 37.
A nurse is caring for a client in an outpatient facility who has been taking acarbose for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse plan to monitor?
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WBC
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Serum potassium
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Platelet count
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Liver function tests
Correct Answer
A. Liver function testsExplanation
A. Infection is not an adverse effect of acarbose. It is not necessary to monitor WBC while the client is taking this medication.
B. Acarbose does not affect potassium levels. It is not necessary to monitor serum potassium while the client is taking this medication.
C. Acarbose does not affect the platelet levels. It is not necessary to monitor the platelet count while the client is taking this medication.
D. CORRECT: Acarbose can cause liver toxicity when taken long‐term. Liver function tests should be monitored periodically while the client takes this medication.Rate this question:
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- 38.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is starting repaglinide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the administration of this medication?
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“I’ll take this medicine with my meals.”
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“I’ll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat.”
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“I’ll take this medicine just before I go to bed.”
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“I’ll take this medicine as soon as I wake up in the morning.”
Correct Answer
A. “I’ll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat.”Explanation
A. Repaglinide should not be taken with a meal.
B. CORRECT: Repaglinide causes a rapid, short‐lived release of insulin. The client should take this medication within 30 min before each meal so that insulin is available when food is digested.
C. Repaglinide should not be taken just before bedtime.
D. Repaglinide is not taken upon awakening in the morning.Rate this question:
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- 39.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following adverse effects of metformin should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?
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Somnolence
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Constipation
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Fluid retention
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Weight gain
Correct Answer
A. SomnolenceExplanation
A. CORRECT: Somnolence can indicate lactic acidosis, which is manifested by extreme drowsiness, hyperventilation, and muscle pain. It is a rare but very serious adverse effect caused by metformin and should be reported to the provider.
B. Diarrhea is an adverse effect of metformin.
C. Fluid retention is not an adverse effect caused by metformin. D. Anorexia and weight loss are adverse effects of metformin.Rate this question:
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- 40.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for pramlintide for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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“Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.” “Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.” “Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.”
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“Use upper arms as preferred injection sites.”
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“mix pramlintide with breakfast dose of insulin.
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“Inject pramlintide just before a meal.”
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“Discard open vials after 28 days.”
Correct Answer(s)
A. “Inject pramlintide just before a meal.”
A. “Discard open vials after 28 days.”Explanation
A. Pramlintide delays oral medication absorption, so oral medications should be taken 1 to 2 hr after pramlintide injection.
B. The thigh or abdomen, rather than the upper arms, are preferred sites for pramlintide injection.
C. Pramlintide should not be mixed in a syringe with any type of insulin.
D. CORRECT: Pramlintide can cause hypoglycemia, especially when the client also takes insulin, so it is important
to eat a meal after injecting this medication.
E. CORRECT: Unused medication in the open pramlintide vial should be discarded after 28 days.Rate this question:
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- 41.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking propylthiouracil. For which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse monitor?
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Bradycardia
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Insomnia
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Heat intolerance
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Weight loss
Correct Answer
A. BradycardiaExplanation
A. CORRECT: Bradycardia is an adverse effect of propylthiouracil. The nurse should monitor for bradycardia.
B. Drowsiness, rather than insomnia, is an adverse effect of propylthiouracil.
C. Cold intolerance rather than heat intolerance is an adverse effect of propylthiouracil.
D. Weight gain, rather than weight loss, is an adverse effect of propylthiouracil.Rate this question:
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- 42.
A nurse is teaching a client who has Graves’ disease about her prescribed medications. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the use of propranolol in the treatment of Graves’ disease?
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“Propranolol helps increase blood ow to my thyroid gland.”
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“Propranolol is used to prevent excess glucose in my blood.
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“Propranolol will decrease my tremors and fast heart beat.”
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“Propranolol promotes a decrease of thyroid hormone in my body.”
Correct Answer
A. “Propranolol will decrease my tremors and fast heart beat.”Explanation
A. Propranolol lowers blood pressure, but does not increase blood ow to the thyroid gland.
B. Propranolol does not help prevent hyperglycemia.
C. CORRECT: Propranolol is a beta‐adrenergic antagonist that decreases heart rate and controls tremors.
D. Propranolol does not promote a decrease of thyroid hormone.Rate this question:
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- 43.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client in a long‐term care facility who has hypothyroidism and a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following dosage schedules should the nurse expect for this client?
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The client will start at a high dose, and the dose will be tapered as needed.
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The client will remain on the initial dosage during the course of treatment.
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The client’s dosage will be adjusted daily based on blood levels.
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The client will start on a low dose, which will be gradually increased.
Correct Answer
A. The client will start on a low dose, which will be gradually increased.Explanation
A. The nurse should not expect that the levothyroxine will be started at a high dose.
B. The nurse should not expect that the client’s dosage will remain the same throughout treatment.
C. The nurse should not expect that the client’s dosage will be adjusted daily based on blood levels.
D. CORRECT: The nurse should expect that levothyroxine will be started at a low dose and gradually increased over several weeks. This is especially important in older adult clients to prevent toxicity.Rate this question:
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- 44.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking for somatropin to stimulate growth. The nurse should plan to monitor the client’s urine for which of the following?
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Bilirubin
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Protein
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Potassium
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Calcium
Correct Answer
A. CalciumExplanation
A. Bilirubin can be present in the urine with liver or biliary disorders, but is not monitored during somatropin therapy.
B. Protein can be present in the urine during stress, infection, or glomerular disorders, but is not monitored during somatropin therapy.
C. Potassium is not expected to be present in a urine specimen.
D. CORRECT: A large amount of calcium can be present in the urine of a client who takes somatropin. This puts the client at risk for renal calculi.Rate this question:
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- 45.
A nurse is assessing a client who takes desmopressin for diabetes insipidus. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
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Hypovolemia
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Hypercalcemia
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Agitation
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Headache
Correct Answer
A. HeadacheExplanation
A. Edema and hypervolemia, rather than hypovolemia, are adverse effects of desmopressin.
B. Calcium imbalance is not an adverse effect of desmopressin.
C. Sleepiness, rather than agitation, is an adverse effect of desmopressin, which can indicate water intoxication.
D. CORRECT: headache during desmopressin therapy is an indication of water intoxication.Rate this question:
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- 46.
A nurse is admitting a client to an acute care facility for a total hip arthroplasty. The client takes hydrocortisone for Addison’s disease. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority?
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Administering a supplemental dose of hydrocortisone
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Instructing the client about coughing and deep breathing
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Collecting additional information from the client about his history of Addison’s disease
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Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter
Correct Answer
A. Administering a supplemental dose of hydrocortisoneExplanation
A. CORRECT: Acute adrenal insuf ciency (adrenal crisis) is the greatest risk to a client who has Addison’s disease, is taking a glucocorticoid, and is undergoing surgery. To prevent acute adrenal insuf ciency, supplemental doses are administered during times of increased stress.
B. Instruction on coughing and deep breathing is important, but is not the nurse’s priority for this client.
C. Obtaining additional data from the client about past medical history is important, but is not the nurse’s priority for this client.
D. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is important, but is not the nurse’s priority for this client.Rate this question:
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- 47.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
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“Rinse your mouth after each use of this medication.”
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“Limit fluid intake while taking this medication.”
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“Increase your intake of vitamin B12 while taking this medication.”
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“You can take the medication as needed.”
Correct Answer
A. “Rinse your mouth after each use of this medication.”Explanation
A. CORRECT: The client should rinse her mouth after each use to reduce the risk of oral fungal infections.
B. A client who has asthma should increase uid intake to liquefy secretions, unless contraindicated by another condition.
C. Glucocorticoids place the client at risk for bone loss. There is no need for the client to increase her intake of vitamin B12. The client should ensure an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D.
D. Beclomethasone is an inhaled glucocorticoid and is taken on a xed schedule.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for albuterol and beclomethasone inhalers for the control of asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
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Take the albuterol at the same time each day.
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Administer the albuterol inhaler prior to using the beclomethasone inhaler.
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Use beclomethasone if experiencing an acute episode.
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Avoid shaking the beclomethasone before use.
Correct Answer
A. Administer the albuterol inhaler prior to using the beclomethasone inhaler.Explanation
A. Albuterol is a short acting inhaled beta2‐agonist and used for short term relief of bronchospasm. B. CORRECT: When a client is prescribed an inhaled beta2‐agonist (such as albuterol) and an inhaled glucocorticoid (such as beclomethasone), the client should take the beta2‐agonist first. The beta2‐agonist promotes bronchodilation and enhances absorption of the glucocorticoid. C. Beclomethasone is administered on a fixed schedule. It is not used to treat an acute attack. D. The client should shake the metered dose inhaler well before administration.Rate this question:
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- 49.
A nurse is providing instructions to the parent of an adolescent client who has a new prescription for albuterol, PO. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
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“You can take this medication to abort an acute asthma attack.”
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“Tremors are an adverse effect of this medication.”
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“Prolonged use of this medication can cause hyperglycemia.”
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“This medication can slow skeletal growth rate.”
Correct Answer
A. “Tremors are an adverse effect of this medication.”Explanation
A. Inhaled albuterol is used to abort an acute asthma episode.
B. CORRECT: Tremors can occur due to excessive
stimulation of beta2 receptors of skeletal muscles.
C. Prolonged use of glucocorticoids can cause hyperglycemia.
D. Glucocorticoids slow skeletal growth rate in children and adolescRate this question:
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Current Version
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Jul 05, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Expert Reviewed by
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Mar 12, 2017Quiz Created by
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