12a - Natural Relationships
B. 12(A) interpret relationships, including predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, and competition among organisms
- 1.
The diagrams show a partial food web containing the Glyptapanteles wasp and the life cycle of this wasp. Based on the two diagrams, which list correctly indentifies the relationships Glyptapanteles wasp larvae have with other organisms?- A.
Competition: stinkbugs parasitism: geometrid moths
- B.
Competition: geometrid moths commensalism: stinkbugs
- C.
Mutualism: guava and eucalyptus trees
- D.
Competition" stinkbugs and geometrid moths commensalism: guava and eucalyptus trees
- 2.
The ocean sunfish (mola mola) is a large, flast fish that spends most of its time in deep water feeding mainly on jellyfish. Sunfish often have manh species of copepods, small custaceams, that bury their heads into the soft tissue of the sunfish. Sunfish will swim to the surface of the water and lie sideways, allowing seabirds to eat the copepodesfrom their skin
- A.
Seabirds: mutualsim jellyfish: predation copepods: parasitism
- B.
Seabirds: parasitism jellyfish: commensalism copepods: predation
- C.
Seabirds: predation jellyfish: mutualism copepods: commensalism
- D.
Seabirds: commensalism jellyfish: parasitism copepods: mutualism
- 3.Which of these best demonstrates mutualism between certain types of bacteria and humans?
- A.
Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut and produce vitamin K used by humans
- B.
Bacteria become resistant to antibacterial medication that humans use for treatment.
- C.
Invasive bacteria at an area of injury produce toxins that damage healthy tissues of the human body.
- D.
Bacteria in imporoperly prepared food is consumed by humans, causing food poisoning.
- 4.In North American forests, two species of birds, nuthatches and brown creepers, forage on the same stree for insects. Brown creepers feed on insects found near the bottom of the tree trunk, while nuthatches feed on insects in the top part of the tree. The difference in foraging behavior most likely affects the nuthatches and brown creepers by -
- A.
Allowing the birds to avoid many types of predators
- B.
Reducing competition between the birds for resources
- C.
Preventing the birds from interbreeding with each other
- D.
Establishing dominance between the birds for nesting sites
- 5.
Choose all that apply. A remora is a fish that has an adhesive disk on the back of its head that it uses to attach itself to a large shark. When food floats away from the shark's mouth as it feeds, the remora collects the scraps. Drawings of a shark with a remore attached and a remora's adhesive disk are shown below. The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of
- A.
Predation
- B.
Parasitism
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Competition
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