B4N051 CDC Volume 2 (2018, Edit Code 05)

Registered Nurses are authorized to see and treat patients. They are trained healthcare professionals who can provide a wide range of patient care services, including administering medications, performing procedures, and providing patient education. Therefore, they are not the individuals who are not authorized to see and treat patients.

During a routine patient admission to a nursing unit, the responsibility of the medical technician would be to obtain the patient's vital signs, height, and weight. This information is crucial for assessing the patient's overall health and determining the appropriate care and treatment plan. By obtaining these measurements, the medical technician can provide accurate and up-to-date information to the healthcare team, which is essential for monitoring the patient's condition and making informed decisions regarding their care.

If an inpatient chart with doctor's orders for vital signs every four hours was blank for the day, it can be assumed that the vital signs were not completed. This is because if the vital signs had been taken, they would have been recorded in the chart as per the doctor's orders. The other options, such as the patient being off the unit having tests completed or the doctor changing the orders verbally, do not provide a direct explanation for the blank chart. Additionally, assuming that the patient is doing well and no problems were noted is not a valid inference as vital signs are an important indicator of a patient's health status.

Preoperative teaching is a way to help relieve most of the patient's concerns prior to surgery. By providing information about the procedure, what to expect, and addressing any questions or concerns the patient may have, preoperative teaching helps to alleviate anxiety and fear. It allows the patient to be better prepared for the surgery, both mentally and physically, and promotes a sense of control and involvement in their own care. This can lead to improved outcomes and a more positive surgical experience for the patient.

The professionalism and caring attitude of the staff have a significant impact on the patient's perceived quality of care and treatment. When the staff members are professional, they maintain a high level of competence and adhere to ethical standards, which instills confidence in the patient. Additionally, a caring attitude from the staff creates a supportive and empathetic environment, making the patient feel valued and well-cared for. These factors contribute to the overall perception of the quality of care and treatment received by the patient.

Crepitus is the term used to describe the sound that bones make as they rub together. This sound is often associated with joint conditions such as arthritis or fractures. It is characterized by a grinding or cracking noise that can be heard or felt when moving the affected joint. Crepitus is caused by the roughening or loss of cartilage in the joint, leading to bone-on-bone contact.

Rehabilitation for a patient with a spinal cord injury is normally a lifelong process. This is because spinal cord injuries often result in permanent damage and limitations in mobility and function. The goal of rehabilitation is to maximize the patient's independence and quality of life by focusing on physical therapy, occupational therapy, and other interventions. The process involves ongoing support, adaptive strategies, and assistive devices to help the patient adapt to their new circumstances and manage any complications that may arise. Therefore, rehabilitation for spinal cord injury patients is typically a lifelong commitment.

When a patient is anxious, it is important for healthcare professionals to be consistent in their behavior and actions. Consistency helps to create a sense of stability and predictability, which can help to alleviate the patient's anxiety. By being consistent, healthcare professionals can establish trust and build rapport with the patient, making them feel more comfortable and reassured. This can ultimately contribute to a more positive and effective patient-provider relationship.

If a child shows signs of abuse, such as burns and bruises, it is important to report the suspected abuse. As a responsible individual, it is our duty to ensure the safety and well-being of children. Reporting the suspected abuse can help protect the child from further harm and allow appropriate authorities to investigate the situation and provide necessary support and intervention.

The normal arterial oxygen saturation range is 95 to 98 percent. This range indicates the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is saturated with oxygen. Oxygen saturation levels below this range may indicate hypoxemia, which is a low oxygen level in the blood, while levels above this range may indicate hyperoxemia, which is an excess of oxygen in the blood. Maintaining oxygen saturation within the normal range is crucial for proper oxygen delivery to the body's tissues and organs.

Corneal abrasions are detected using a fluorescein stain. This is because the stain helps to highlight any damage or scratches on the surface of the cornea. The stain is applied to the eye and any areas of abrasion will appear as bright green under a blue light. This method allows healthcare professionals to accurately identify and diagnose corneal abrasions, enabling appropriate treatment to be provided. X-ray, venogram, and angiogram are not used for detecting corneal abrasions as they are imaging techniques that are primarily used for examining blood vessels and internal structures.

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A clear liquid diet is a type of diet that only allows the consumption of clear fluids such as water, broth, and certain juices. While it can be helpful for certain medical conditions or procedures, it is not nutritionally adequate as it lacks essential nutrients like protein, fiber, and vitamins. Therefore, it should not be followed for more than three days to prevent malnutrition and deficiencies. In contrast, a full liquid diet includes more variety and provides a wider range of nutrients, making it a better option for longer periods of time. A mineral-restricted diet, on the other hand, focuses on limiting the intake of certain minerals and is not necessarily inadequate in all nutrients.

Prepping the skin prior to surgery is important because it helps reduce the chance of infection. By cleaning the skin with an antiseptic solution, bacteria and other microorganisms present on the skin's surface are eliminated or reduced, lowering the risk of introducing them into the surgical site. This is crucial to prevent post-operative infections, which can lead to complications and prolong the healing process. Proper skin preparation is a standard practice in surgical procedures to maintain a sterile environment and ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

After receiving a radioisotope implant, the postoperative patient needs to be isolated to prevent exposure to others. Radioisotopes emit radiation, which can be harmful to others if they come into close contact with the patient. Isolation ensures that the radiation is contained and does not pose a risk to other individuals. This precaution is necessary to protect the health and safety of both the patient and others around them.

Standing hamstring stretches are not commonly used for postoperative patients because they require the patient to stand and stretch the muscles in the back of their thighs. Postoperative patients may have limited mobility or restrictions on weight-bearing activities, making standing hamstring stretches potentially unsafe or uncomfortable for them. Other exercises listed, such as diaphragmatic breathing, turn, cough and deep breath (TC&DB), and circles with the big toe, are commonly used for postoperative patients to promote lung expansion, circulation, and mobility.

If a patient receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of distended neck veins and dyspnea, it indicates a potential complication called transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO). This occurs when the volume of blood transfused exceeds the patient's circulatory capacity. The first step in managing TACO is to stop the transfusion immediately to prevent further fluid overload. This allows healthcare professionals to assess the patient's condition and provide appropriate interventions to alleviate symptoms and prevent further complications.

When a stroke occurs, it affects the blood flow to a specific area of the brain, causing damage to that area. The side of the brain that is traumatized determines which side of the body will be affected. This is because the brain is divided into two hemispheres, with each hemisphere controlling the opposite side of the body. Therefore, if the left side of the brain is traumatized, the right side of the body will be affected, and vice versa.

When a child experiences nausea and vomiting, a primary concern would be dehydration. Nausea and vomiting can lead to fluid loss, which can quickly result in dehydration, especially in children who have smaller fluid reserves. Dehydration can be dangerous, leading to electrolyte imbalances, decreased blood volume, and potential organ damage. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and address fluid intake in a child with nausea and vomiting to prevent dehydration and its associated complications.

Catering to the patient's customs can help stimulate their appetite because it allows them to eat foods that they are familiar with and enjoy. Elderly patients may have specific dietary preferences or restrictions based on their cultural background or personal habits. By respecting and accommodating these customs, the patient is more likely to feel comfortable and motivated to eat. This approach also promotes a sense of autonomy and control over their meals, which can further enhance their appetite.

In the first stage of dying, known as denial, individuals may refuse to accept or acknowledge the reality of their impending death. This can manifest in various ways, such as avoiding discussions about death, downplaying the severity of their condition, or seeking multiple medical opinions in hopes of finding a different outcome. Denial serves as a defense mechanism, allowing individuals to cope with the overwhelming emotions and fear associated with dying. It provides a temporary sense of control and protection from the distressing reality.

An individual's feeling about themselves is primarily influenced by their self-perception. This refers to how they view themselves, their abilities, and their worth. Socioeconomic status may have an impact on self-perception, but it is not the sole determinant. Opinions of others can also influence self-perception, but ultimately it is the individual's own perception of themselves that has the most significant effect. Job title may contribute to self-perception, but it is not the main factor.

Mania is the correct answer because it is a psychiatric term that defines a mood disorder characterized by elevated mood, excessive energy, racing thoughts (flight of ideas), and increased physical activity. People experiencing mania often feel elated, have an inflated sense of self-esteem, and engage in impulsive or risky behaviors. This term specifically describes the symptoms mentioned in the question, such as feelings of elation and wellbeing, flight of ideas, and physical overactivity. Neurosis, obsession, and psychosis do not specifically encompass these symptoms.

Withdrawal is the correct answer because when a patient feels unloved, unneeded, inferior, and hurt, they may exhibit a behavior of withdrawing from social interactions and isolating themselves. This could be a coping mechanism to protect themselves from further emotional pain and rejection. They may feel a lack of motivation to engage with others and may prefer to be alone. This behavior can be a sign of low self-esteem and a desire to avoid potential negative interactions.

Stimulant drugs are known to cause euphoria, excitement, dilated pupils, diaphoresis (excessive sweating), tachycardia (increased heart rate), and rapid breathing. These drugs stimulate the central nervous system, increasing alertness, energy, and overall activity. Common examples of stimulants include amphetamines, cocaine, and caffeine.

The person in charge of a bed to stretcher transfer should be positioned at the head of the bed on the stretcher side because this allows them to have a clear view of the patient's condition and to communicate effectively with the rest of the team during the transfer. Being at the head of the bed also allows for better control and coordination of the transfer process, ensuring the safety and comfort of the patient.

When moving a patient on a venturi mask, it is important to monitor the patient during transport to ensure their condition remains stable. This includes monitoring their oxygen saturation levels, respiratory rate, and overall comfort. Additionally, it is necessary to reassess the patient upon arrival at the new location to determine if any adjustments need to be made to their oxygen therapy or if further interventions are required. This is crucial to ensure the patient's safety and well-being during the transfer process.

The correct answer is "Pass." In a medical facility, a patient can be granted a pass to temporarily leave the facility for a short period of time, usually between 24 and 48 hours. This allows the patient to attend to personal matters or take a break from the facility while still being under the care of medical professionals.

The correct answer is "subsisting out". This term suggests that the patient is allowed to live outside the hospital while still receiving treatment. It implies that the patient is able to sustain themselves and continue their treatment outside of the hospital setting.

Administration of narcotics must be closely monitored because it can result in a depressed respiratory system. Narcotics are powerful pain medications that can suppress the central nervous system, including the respiratory centers in the brain. This can lead to decreased breathing rate and depth, which can be dangerous if not closely monitored. It is important to carefully monitor patients receiving narcotics for any signs of respiratory depression and adjust the dosage accordingly to ensure their safety.

If a patient complains that their short leg cast feels tight, the appropriate action would be to bivalve the cast. Bivalving involves cutting the cast along its length to create two halves that can be easily opened and closed with straps or tape. This allows for better circulation, reduces pressure, and provides relief to the patient. Removing the cast entirely may not be necessary, as it may still be needed for proper healing. Petaling the cast involves creating small cuts around the edges to relieve pressure, but bivalving is a more effective solution.

The cramping, burning, or crushing pain experienced by amputees in their missing limb is commonly known as phantom limb pain. This sensation is a real physical phenomenon and is not just a psychological experience. It occurs due to the brain's attempt to process and interpret signals from the nerves that used to be connected to the amputated limb. Despite the absence of the limb, the brain still receives signals and interprets them as pain, leading to the sensation of phantom limb pain.

A tourniquet is essential to have at the postoperative bedside after surgical amputation of a limb. A tourniquet is a device used to temporarily restrict blood flow to a limb during surgery or in emergency situations. It helps control bleeding and reduces the risk of excessive blood loss. After a surgical amputation, there may be residual bleeding or the need for further surgical intervention, and having a tourniquet readily available allows for immediate control of bleeding if necessary.

The reason "You have other tasks to do, and no time to sit with the child" is not appropriate for restraining a child because it does not prioritize the safety and well-being of the child. Restraining a child should only be done when necessary for their own protection or the protection of others, such as in the case of medical procedures or preventing accidents. Prioritizing other tasks over the child's safety is not an appropriate reason for restraining them.

Alcohol can be drying and irritating to the skin, especially for the elderly who may already have dry or sensitive skin. It can strip the skin of its natural oils and disrupt the skin's barrier function, leading to further dryness and potential skin damage. Therefore, it is important to avoid using alcohol-based products when providing skin care for the elderly.

A compulsion is a repetitive behavior or mental act that a person feels driven to perform, even though it may not make sense to others or be necessary. It is characterized by an irresistible urge and is often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). People with OCD experience distressing thoughts or obsessions, and performing compulsions temporarily relieves their anxiety. Therefore, a compulsion aligns with the given definition of an irresistible urge to perform apparently meaningless actions.

The rehabilitation process begins as soon as the patient is admitted because early intervention is crucial in treating mental illness. Starting the rehabilitation process immediately allows for early assessment, diagnosis, and the development of an individualized treatment plan. It also helps to establish a therapeutic relationship between the patient and healthcare providers, promoting trust and collaboration. By starting rehabilitation early, the patient can receive the necessary support and interventions to manage their symptoms and improve their overall well-being.

When observing and reporting on mentally ill patients, behavior is the most important factor to consider. This is because behavior provides valuable insights into the patient's mental state, emotions, and overall functioning. It allows healthcare professionals to assess symptoms, identify patterns, and determine the effectiveness of interventions. Appearance, conversation, and sleeping habits can also provide useful information, but behavior is the primary indicator of mental health and should be given the highest priority in the observation and reporting process.

In the third and final phase of spousal abuse, the abusive spouse typically makes a promise that the abuse will never happen again. This is known as the "honeymoon phase" where the abuser tries to regain control and manipulate the victim into staying in the relationship. However, it is important to note that this promise is often false and the cycle of abuse is likely to continue.

When providing care to a patient who has abused a substance, the priority is to monitor their vital signs and sustain life. This means ensuring that the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and other essential functions are stable and supporting their overall well-being. The immediate focus should be on addressing any life-threatening issues and providing necessary medical interventions to stabilize the patient. Drawing blood for alcohol and drug testing, contacting the First Sergeant, and contacting Security Forces may be important steps to take later on, but they are not the immediate priority in providing care to the patient.

To help patients who become angry and hostile, it is important to allow them to express their hostility verbally. This can provide a safe outlet for their emotions and prevent them from resorting to physical aggression. By encouraging them to express themselves verbally, it allows them to communicate their feelings and concerns, potentially leading to a better understanding of their needs and finding appropriate solutions.

Decubitus ulcers, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, occur when there is prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues. Changing the patient's position regularly helps to relieve pressure and prevent the development of these ulcers. The recommended frequency for repositioning is every two hours. This allows for adequate blood flow and oxygenation to the tissues, reducing the risk of tissue damage. Changing positions every one hour may be too frequent and disruptive for the patient, while every three or four hours may not provide sufficient relief from pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is two hours.

To use the internal girdle of support, it is necessary to simultaneously contract the abdominal and buttocks muscles. This is because these muscles work together to provide stability and support to the core and pelvis. By contracting both the abdominal and buttocks muscles at the same time, the internal girdle of support is activated, which helps to maintain proper posture and alignment, and also assists in preventing lower back pain and injuries.

During catheterization of a male patient, the penis is held at a 90° angle and the catheter is inserted 6 to 10 inches. This angle allows for easier insertion of the catheter into the urethra, while the length ensures that the catheter reaches the bladder to drain urine effectively.

To apply a dressing with the intention of debriding a wound, the wet to dry method is used. This involves moistening a sterile dressing with a saline solution and placing it on the wound. As the dressing dries, it adheres to the wound surface and when removed, it helps to remove any dead or infected tissue, promoting wound healing. This method is commonly used for wounds with necrotic or sloughy tissue that needs to be removed.

Standard Form 518 is used to document a patient's blood transfusion. This form is specifically designed for recording the details of blood transfusions, including the patient's information, the type and amount of blood transfused, any reactions or complications, and the signatures of the healthcare professionals involved. It serves as a standardized document to ensure accurate and consistent documentation of blood transfusions, which is crucial for patient safety and continuity of care.

Orthopaedic deformities such as a clubfoot or wryneck are categorized as congenital. This means that they are present at birth and are a result of abnormal development or formation of the bones, joints, or muscles. These deformities are not caused by infection or disease, but rather by genetic or environmental factors that affect the development of the musculoskeletal system during fetal development. Therefore, the correct answer is congenital.

A fracture that results from disease, such as metastatic cancer of the bone, is called a pathologic fracture. This type of fracture occurs when a weakened bone breaks due to an underlying disease or condition, rather than from a traumatic injury. In the case of metastatic cancer, the cancer cells spread to the bone and weaken it, making it more susceptible to fractures. Pathologic fractures are often more difficult to treat and may require additional interventions, such as surgery or radiation therapy, to address the underlying disease.

During the preschool stage of child development, separation anxiety is most stressful. This is because preschool-aged children are starting to develop a sense of independence and autonomy, but they still rely heavily on their primary caregivers for support and security. As a result, when they are separated from their caregivers, they may experience heightened anxiety and distress. This stage is characterized by increasing social interactions and exploration, which can make separation from familiar and trusted individuals particularly challenging for preschoolers.

If a dentist carries out a tooth replacement procedure within 30 minutes of the accident, there is a high rate of success. This is because the sooner the procedure is performed, the higher the chances of successfully reattaching or replacing the tooth. Delaying the procedure for a longer period of time may result in complications such as infection or the inability to save the tooth. Therefore, acting promptly within the first 30 minutes is crucial for a successful tooth replacement procedure.