Project Management 101 Quiz: Exam!
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which process uses up most of the budget in a project?
- A.
Integrating
- B.
Planning
- C.
Executing
- D.
Monitoring and Controlling
Correct Answer
C. ExecutingExplanation
The executing process in a project involves the actual implementation of the project plan. This includes carrying out the tasks, coordinating resources, and managing the project team. The executing process typically requires a significant amount of resources, such as labor, materials, and equipment, which can contribute to a major portion of the project budget. Additionally, unforeseen issues or changes that arise during the execution phase may require additional expenses, further impacting the budget. Therefore, the executing process is likely to use up most of the budget in a project.Rate this question:
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- 2.
One of the following groups is NOT a process group – but which one?
- A.
Planning
- B.
Integrating
- C.
Closing
- D.
Executing
Correct Answer
B. IntegratingExplanation
The correct answer is "Integrating" because it is not one of the five process groups defined in project management. The five process groups are Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing. "Integrating" is not a separate process group but rather a function that is carried out throughout the entire project lifecycle to ensure coordination and synchronization of all project processes and activities.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Work in the future distance is planned at a high level on the work breakdown structure (WBS), but work in the near future can be planned in detail at a low level on the WBS. What is this form of progressive elaboration called?
- A.
Stage Gate Planning
- B.
Detailed Phase Planning
- C.
Progressive Planning
- D.
Rolling Wave Planning
Correct Answer
D. Rolling Wave PlanningExplanation
Rolling Wave Planning is a form of progressive elaboration where work in the future distance is planned at a high level on the work breakdown structure (WBS), while work in the near future is planned in detail at a low level on the WBS. This approach allows for flexibility and adaptability as more information becomes available closer to the execution of the work. It recognizes that detailed planning too far in advance may not be accurate or feasible, and instead focuses on planning in waves, with more detailed planning occurring as the project progresses.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The project life cycle is documented in which process group?
- A.
Planning
- B.
Initiating
- C.
Integration
- D.
Life Cycle Planning
Correct Answer
A. PlanningExplanation
The project life cycle is documented in the Planning process group. This is because the planning process group is responsible for defining the project objectives, determining the project scope, and developing the project management plan. As part of this planning, the project life cycle is documented to provide a framework for how the project will progress from initiation to completion. The project life cycle outlines the phases or stages that the project will go through, including the activities and deliverables associated with each phase.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Your project team has been assembled, so in which process group will you perform team building?
- A.
Executing
- B.
Initiating
- C.
Planning
- D.
Monitoring and Controlling
Correct Answer
A. ExecutingExplanation
In the executing process group, the project team is actively working on the project deliverables and performing the planned activities. This is the phase where team building activities take place as the team members collaborate, communicate, and establish effective working relationships. It is during this phase that the team members get to know each other, understand their roles and responsibilities, and build trust and rapport. Therefore, team building is performed in the executing process group.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is meant by RACI?
- A.
Responsible, Accountable, Confirm, Inform
- B.
Recommended, Accountable, Consulted, Inform
- C.
Responsible, Accountant, Consulted, Inform
- D.
Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Inform
Correct Answer
D. Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, InformExplanation
RACI is an acronym that stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Inform. This is a framework used in project management to define and clarify roles and responsibilities within a team or organization. The responsible person is the one who completes the task, the accountable person is the one who ultimately owns the task and ensures it is completed, the consulted person is someone who provides input or advice, and the informed person is someone who needs to be kept updated on the progress of the task. This framework helps to establish clear communication and avoid confusion or duplication of efforts.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The project manager meets with the project team to review lessons learned from previous projects. In what activity is the team involved?
- A.
Performance management
- B.
Scope identification
- C.
Risk identification
- D.
Project team status meeting
Correct Answer
C. Risk identificationExplanation
The team is involved in risk identification because they are reviewing lessons learned from previous projects. This suggests that they are analyzing past projects to identify potential risks and develop strategies to mitigate them in future projects. This activity is crucial for effective risk management and ensuring project success.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When estimating time for activities, a Project Manager should:
- A.
Use the best guess and estimate all activities since there will be changes as the project progresses and more information becomes available
- B.
Involve people who will be doing the work to get estimates
- C.
Estimate for what the cost will allow and include buffers
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Involve people who will be doing the work to get estimatesExplanation
When estimating time for activities, it is important for a Project Manager to involve the people who will be doing the work to get estimates. This is because the individuals who will be performing the tasks are likely to have the most accurate understanding of the time required. By involving them in the estimation process, the Project Manager can gather their insights and expertise, leading to more realistic and reliable estimates. This approach also promotes better communication and collaboration within the project team, increasing the chances of successful project execution.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A limiting factor that affects the execution of a project, program, portfolio, or process is called
Correct Answer
constraint, Constraint, CONSTRAINTExplanation
A limiting factor that affects the execution of a project, program, portfolio, or process is called a constraint. Constraints can be external or internal factors that restrict the progress or completion of a project. They can include limitations in resources, time, budget, scope, or even regulatory requirements. Constraints play a crucial role in project management as they help define the boundaries within which the project must operate and guide decision-making processes. By identifying and managing constraints effectively, project managers can optimize project outcomes and ensure successful execution.Rate this question:
- 10.
A factor in the planning process that is considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration is called
Correct Answer
assumption, Assumption, ASSUMPTIONExplanation
An assumption is a factor in the planning process that is considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration. It is a belief or statement that is taken for granted or accepted as true, even though it may not be proven or demonstrated. Assumptions play a crucial role in the planning process as they help in making decisions and setting goals based on certain beliefs or expectations. They provide a foundation for the planning process and guide the actions and strategies that are implemented.Rate this question:
- 11.
Key features of a project management office (PMO) generally include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Delivering specific project objectives and controlling the assigned project resources to best meet objectives of the project.
- B.
Identification and development of project management methodology, best practices, and standards.
- C.
Centralized repository and management for both shared and unique risks for all projects.
- D.
A mentoring platform for project managers.
Correct Answer
A. Delivering specific project objectives and controlling the assigned project resources to best meet objectives of the project.Explanation
The key features of a project management office (PMO) generally include the identification and development of project management methodology, best practices, and standards. They also include a centralized repository and management for both shared and unique risks for all projects. Additionally, a PMO typically serves as a mentoring platform for project managers. However, delivering specific project objectives and controlling the assigned project resources to best meet objectives of the project is not typically considered a key feature of a PMO.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Your project budget is USD 400,000. Most of this money will be spent during:
- A.
Project plan development.
- B.
Project plan execution.
- C.
Project control.
- D.
Project initiation.
Correct Answer
B. Project plan execution.Explanation
The correct answer is project plan execution. This is because project plan execution is the phase where the majority of the project budget is utilized. During this phase, the project activities are carried out, resources are allocated, and tasks are completed. It involves the actual implementation of the project plan and the achievement of project deliverables. Therefore, it is expected that a significant portion of the project budget will be spent during this phase.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Estimating a task duration by extrapolating from one or more similar activities completed in the past is called
- A.
Parametric estimating.
- B.
Estimating by extension.
- C.
History based estimating.
- D.
Analogous estimating.
Correct Answer
D. Analogous estimating.Explanation
Analogous estimating is the practice of estimating the duration of a task by comparing it to similar activities that have been completed in the past. This method relies on historical data and assumes that tasks with similar characteristics will have similar durations. It is a quick and simple way to estimate task durations when detailed information is not available. Parametric estimating, on the other hand, involves using statistical relationships and mathematical models to estimate task durations. Estimating by extension and history-based estimating are not commonly used terms in project management.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A change control board is
- A.
A formally constituted group of stakeholders responsible for minimizing the number of approved changes, with all decisions and recommendations being recorded..
- B.
A formally constituted group of stakeholders responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying or rejecting changes to the project, with all decisions and recommendations being recorded.
- C.
Functionally equivalent to a project steering committee.
- D.
Any group of stakeholders that meets to review or approve changes
Correct Answer
B. A formally constituted group of stakeholders responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying or rejecting changes to the project, with all decisions and recommendations being recorded.Explanation
A change control board is a formally constituted group of stakeholders responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying or rejecting changes to the project, with all decisions and recommendations being recorded. This group is responsible for minimizing the number of approved changes and ensuring that all changes are properly evaluated before implementation. They play a crucial role in maintaining control over project changes and ensuring that any modifications align with project objectives and requirements. The recording of decisions and recommendations helps in maintaining transparency and accountability within the change control process.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The sequence of activities that cannot be delayed during the course of the project is referred to as the:
- A.
Critical path
- B.
Master schedule
- C.
Slack line
- D.
Action plan
Correct Answer
A. Critical pathExplanation
The critical path refers to the sequence of activities that must be completed on time in order to prevent a delay in the overall project schedule. It is the longest path through the project network diagram and determines the minimum amount of time required to complete the project. Any delay in activities on the critical path will directly impact the project's timeline. Therefore, the critical path is crucial for project managers to identify and manage in order to ensure timely project completion.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Cost of changes in requirements tends to:
- A.
Increase as the project starts up and progresses
- B.
Decrease as the project starts up and progresses
- C.
Increase or decrease depending on the scope of the change
- D.
Always require the project sponsor's approval
Correct Answer
A. Increase as the project starts up and progressesExplanation
The cost of changes in requirements tends to increase as the project starts up and progresses because as the project moves forward, it becomes more difficult and costly to make changes. Early in the project, changes can be implemented more easily and at a lower cost. However, as the project progresses and more work is completed based on the initial requirements, any changes will require rework, adjustments, and potentially additional resources, leading to increased costs. Therefore, the cost of changes in requirements tends to increase as the project moves forward.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The critical path in a schedule network is the path that:
- A.
Takes the longest time to complete
- B.
Must be done before any other tasks
- C.
Allows some flexibility in scheduling a start time
- D.
Is not affected by schedule slippage
Correct Answer
A. Takes the longest time to completeExplanation
The critical path in a schedule network refers to the sequence of activities that takes the longest time to complete. It is the path that determines the overall duration of the project and any delay in activities along this path will directly impact the project's timeline. Activities on the critical path must be completed in order to avoid project delays, as any delay in these activities will result in a delay in the project's completion. Therefore, the correct answer is "Takes the longest time to complete."Rate this question:
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- 18.
All of the following are common characteristics of project life cycle descriptions EXCEPT :
- A.
Cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher towards the end and drop rapidly as the project ends
- B.
Risk and uncertainty are highest at the end of the project
- C.
The probability of successfully completing the project is low at the start and gets progressively higher as the project continues
- D.
The ability of stakeholders to influence the final characteristics of the project product is highest at the start of the project
Correct Answer
B. Risk and uncertainty are highest at the end of the projectExplanation
The given answer is correct because it states that risk and uncertainty are highest at the end of the project. This is not a common characteristic of project life cycle descriptions. In general, risk and uncertainty are highest at the beginning of a project when there is limited information and planning, and they decrease as the project progresses and more information becomes available. At the end of the project, most of the uncertainties have been resolved and the risks have been mitigated, resulting in lower levels of risk and uncertainty.Rate this question:
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- 19.
As the project manager, you are scheduling some activities in which there is a delay between the finish of the activity and the start of the successor activity. These dependencies would be reflected in the schedule with a
- A.
Finish-to-start relationship
- B.
Lag
- C.
Start-to-finish relationship
- D.
Lead
Correct Answer
B. LagExplanation
In project management, a lag refers to a delay or waiting time between the finish of one activity and the start of its successor activity. This means that the successor activity cannot start immediately after the completion of the previous activity. Instead, there is a period of time that needs to elapse before the successor activity can begin. Therefore, the correct answer is "Lag" as it accurately reflects the situation described in the question.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of these is not an example of a project?
- A.
Buying clothes from the market on a special sale.
- B.
Planning for your friends wedding.
- C.
Building a bridge across the Amazon river.
- D.
Cleaning the office building every day.
Correct Answer
D. Cleaning the office building every day.Explanation
Cleaning the office building every day is not an example of a project because it is a repetitive and ongoing task that does not have a specific end goal or deliverable. Projects are temporary endeavors with defined objectives, start and end dates, and unique outcomes. In contrast, buying clothes from the market on a special sale, planning for a friend's wedding, and building a bridge across the Amazon river are all examples of projects as they have specific goals, timelines, and distinct outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 21.
You are planning to use PERT for planning of your project. A task has pessimistic estimate of 24 days, most likely estimate of 15 days and optimistic estimate of 12 days. What is the mean using the PERT technique?
- A.
18 days
- B.
25.5 days
- C.
15 days
- D.
16 days
Correct Answer
D. 16 daysExplanation
The mean using the PERT technique is calculated by taking the weighted average of the optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates. The formula for calculating the mean is (optimistic + 4 * most likely + pessimistic) / 6. In this case, the optimistic estimate is 12 days, the most likely estimate is 15 days, and the pessimistic estimate is 24 days. Plugging these values into the formula, we get (12 + 4 * 15 + 24) / 6 = 16 days.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The authority to approve or deny change request lies with
- A.
Project Manager
- B.
Customer
- C.
Project Sponsor
- D.
Change Control Board
Correct Answer
D. Change Control BoardExplanation
The Change Control Board is responsible for approving or denying change requests in a project. This board consists of key stakeholders and decision-makers who assess the impact of the proposed changes on the project's scope, schedule, budget, and overall objectives. They have the authority to approve or deny change requests based on their evaluation of the potential risks, benefits, and alignment with the project's goals. The Project Manager, Customer, and Project Sponsor may provide input and recommendations to the Change Control Board, but the final decision lies with the board.Rate this question:
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- 23.
You are required to estimate the time to paint a large wall. You know it takes two hours to paint one square foot of wall. The wall has an area of 30 square foot. So you estimate that it will take 60 hours to paint the wall. Which estimation model are you using?
- A.
Bottom-up
- B.
Parametric
- C.
Analogous
- D.
Expert judgment
Correct Answer
B. ParametricExplanation
The correct answer is Parametric. Parametric estimation is a technique that uses a statistical relationship between historical data and other variables to estimate the duration or cost of a project. In this case, the estimator is using the information that it takes two hours to paint one square foot of wall and applying it to estimate the time to paint the entire wall, which has an area of 30 square foot. This is an example of parametric estimation because it is based on a parameter or a statistical relationship.Rate this question:
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- 24.
You are the project manager responsible for building a new web site. The project is running late. To bring the project on schedule, you decide to add additional resources to the critical path. This is an example of
- A.
Fast-tracking
- B.
Resource planning
- C.
Crashing
- D.
Schedule Management
Correct Answer
C. CrashingExplanation
Crashing is a technique used in project management to accelerate the project schedule by adding additional resources to the critical path. By doing so, the project manager aims to reduce the overall project duration and bring it back on schedule. This involves allocating more resources, such as manpower or equipment, to critical activities in order to expedite their completion. It is a common approach when the project is running behind schedule and there is a need to meet strict deadlines.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is true statement about risks?
- A.
If a risk is identified in a risk response plan, then that means that risk has already happened.
- B.
Once a risk has happened, you refer to the risk management plan to determine what action needs to be taken.
- C.
A risk that was not planned but has happened is called a trigger.
- D.
Risk identification happens in all the phases of the project.
Correct Answer
D. Risk identification happens in all the phases of the project.Explanation
The correct answer is that risk identification happens in all the phases of the project. This means that throughout the entire project lifecycle, risks are continually being identified and assessed. It is an ongoing process that helps project managers and teams to proactively manage and mitigate potential risks that may arise. By identifying risks early on, they can be properly addressed and managed, reducing the likelihood of negative impacts on the project's success.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The PMBOK® Guide is the standard for:
- A.
Managing all projects all of the time.
- B.
Managing all projects most of the time.
- C.
Managing most projects most of the time.
- D.
Managing some projects some of the time.
Correct Answer
C. Managing most projects most of the time.Explanation
The PMBOK® Guide is considered the standard for managing most projects most of the time. It provides a comprehensive framework and best practices for project management, covering various aspects such as initiating, planning, executing, monitoring, and closing projects. While it may not be applicable to every single project or in every situation, it is widely recognized and used in the project management field to ensure successful project outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The five Project Management Process Groups are:
- A.
Planning, Checking, Directing, Monitoring, and Recording.
- B.
Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing.
- C.
Planning, Executing, Directing, Closing, and Commissioning.
- D.
Initiating, Executing, Monitoring, Evaluating, and Closing
Correct Answer
B. Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing.Explanation
The correct answer is "Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing." This answer aligns with the generally accepted five Project Management Process Groups. Initiating involves defining the project's purpose and scope. Planning involves creating a detailed plan for project execution. Executing involves carrying out the plan and completing project work. Monitoring and Controlling involves tracking project progress and making necessary adjustments. Closing involves formally completing the project and ensuring all project deliverables are met.Rate this question:
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- 28.
You join a projectized organization as a project manager. Which of the following best describes your level of authority?
- A.
Low to moderate
- B.
Moderate to high
- C.
High to almost total
- D.
Little or none
Correct Answer
C. High to almost totalExplanation
As a project manager in a projectized organization, your level of authority is described as high to almost total. This means that you have significant decision-making power and control over the project. You have the authority to make important project-related decisions, allocate resources, and manage the project team. Your authority extends almost to the point of having complete control over the project, although there may still be some limitations or oversight from higher-level management.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Your team is in the middle of executing a project that is now projected to run three weeks too long. Which of the following adjustments would allow the project to be delivered on time?
- A.
Substitute a lesser experienced programmer for a more experienced one
- B.
Move resources from a non-critical task to a critical path task
- C.
Modify the purchase of new equipment to less expensive equipment
- D.
Allow a tester on the project to temporarily work on another, more critical project
Correct Answer
B. Move resources from a non-critical task to a critical path taskExplanation
Moving resources from a non-critical task to a critical path task would allow the project to be delivered on time. By reallocating resources to the critical path, which includes the tasks that directly impact the project's timeline, the team can ensure that the most important tasks are completed promptly. This adjustment helps prioritize the necessary activities and reduces the risk of further delays.Rate this question:
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- 30.
During which phase of the project would you suggest using an integrated change control process?
- A.
Throughout the project
- B.
Initiation
- C.
Closure
- D.
Execution
Correct Answer
A. Throughout the projectExplanation
Using an integrated change control process throughout the project is suggested because it ensures that any changes to the project are properly evaluated, approved, and implemented. This process allows for a systematic and controlled approach to managing changes, minimizing the risks associated with changes and ensuring that they align with the project objectives. By implementing integrated change control throughout the project, the project team can effectively track and manage changes, ensuring that they are properly documented, reviewed, and approved before being implemented. This helps to maintain project scope, schedule, and budget, and ensures that changes are properly integrated into the project plan.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Sep 04, 2020Quiz Created by
Srinivasan Venkataraman
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