Census Of India : Vital Statistics

Explanation
Gender ratio is the number of females per 1000 males. This means that for every 1000 males, there are a certain number of females. The higher the gender ratio, the more females there are compared to males in a given population or group.

Explanation
The correct answer is both (b) and (c). This means that India's population in 2019 was either 136.6 crores or 1.36 billion. Crores is a unit of measurement commonly used in South Asia to represent ten million, while billion is a unit of measurement used internationally to represent one thousand million. Therefore, both options are correct and represent different ways of expressing the same population figure.

Explanation
India's current annual increase in population is 15.5 million. This means that every year, the population of India is increasing by 15.5 million people. This can be attributed to factors such as high birth rates, improved healthcare leading to lower mortality rates, and increased life expectancy. The large population growth rate poses various challenges for the country, including ensuring adequate infrastructure, healthcare, and employment opportunities for its citizens.

Explanation
An educated and healthy population is considered the nation's most valuable resource because it directly contributes to the overall development and progress of a country. Education equips individuals with knowledge, skills, and critical thinking abilities, which are essential for innovation, productivity, and economic growth. A healthy population, on the other hand, ensures a productive workforce, reduces healthcare costs, and promotes social stability. Together, an educated and healthy population forms the foundation for a prosperous and sustainable nation.

Explanation
The birth rate in India started declining from 1981. This means that after 1981, the number of births per thousand people in India began to decrease. This could be due to various factors such as increased access to contraception, better education and awareness about family planning, improvements in healthcare leading to lower infant mortality rates, and changes in societal norms and aspirations. It is important to note that this answer assumes a certain context and does not provide any specific data or reasons for the decline in birth rate.

Explanation
The correct answer is 1872. This is the year when the first census in India was conducted. The census is a process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting demographic data of a country's population. It helps in understanding the size, composition, and distribution of the population. Conducting a census is crucial for government planning, resource allocation, and policy-making.

Explanation
A rate of increase of 2 per cent in the population per annum means that in a given year, there was an increase of 2 persons per 100 persons. This can be calculated by taking 2% of 100, which equals 2. Therefore, for every 100 persons, there would be an increase of 2 persons.

Explanation
Children are considered economically unproductive because they are not yet of working age and do not contribute to the economy through paid employment. They are dependent on adults for their needs and are not able to generate income or contribute to the production of goods and services.

Explanation
The correct answer is 1881. This is the year when the first complete census was taken in India. This means that it was the first time that a comprehensive count of the entire population of India was conducted. Prior to this, there may have been partial or incomplete attempts at census-taking, but 1881 marked the first complete and official census in the country.

Explanation
A census is taken in India every 10 years. This is done to gather accurate and up-to-date information about the population, demographics, and socio-economic conditions of the country. Conducting a census every decade allows the government to plan and allocate resources effectively, make informed policy decisions, and monitor the progress and changes in the population over time. It also helps in identifying areas that require specific attention and support.

Explanation
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India. It is located in the northern part of the country and has a population of over 200 million people. The state is known for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. It is home to several major cities including Lucknow, Kanpur, and Varanasi. Uttar Pradesh plays a crucial role in Indian politics and has a significant influence on the country's economy.

Explanation
Migration not only changes the population size, but also the population composition in terms of sex ratio. Migration can result in a shift in the proportion of males and females in a population. For example, if more males migrate to a certain area, the sex ratio will be skewed towards males. Similarly, if more females migrate, the sex ratio will be skewed towards females. Therefore, migration has a direct impact on the composition of a population in terms of sex ratio.

Explanation
Most migration in India has been from rural to urban areas. This is due to various factors such as lack of employment opportunities, poverty, and better access to education and healthcare in urban areas. People from rural areas often migrate to cities in search of better livelihoods and improved living conditions. Urban areas provide more job opportunities in industries and services, leading to a higher standard of living. This migration pattern has resulted in rapid urbanization in India, with cities becoming overcrowded and facing challenges in providing adequate infrastructure and services to the growing population.

Explanation
Migration is the correct answer because apart from births and deaths, migration plays a crucial role in population growth. Migration refers to the movement of individuals from one place to another, either within the same country or across international borders. When people migrate to a particular area, it increases the population of that area, contributing to population growth. Similarly, when people leave an area, it decreases the population. Therefore, migration is an important factor that influences population growth alongside births and deaths.

Explanation
Birth rate is the number of live births per 1000 persons in a year. This rate is commonly used to measure the fertility level of a population and is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the total population and multiplying it by 1000. A birth rate of 1000 indicates that for every 1000 individuals in the population, there were a certain number of live births in a given year.