Child care Short Quiz: Trivia!

The statement is false because the lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs) in neonates is shorter than in adults. In neonates, the lifespan of RBCs is around 60-80 days, which is shorter than the 100-120 days in adults. This is due to the fact that neonates have a higher rate of RBC production and turnover compared to adults.

The statement is true because clinical jaundice refers to the visible yellowing of the skin and eyes, which is caused by an accumulation of bilirubin in the body. On the other hand, biochemical jaundice refers to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, which may not necessarily result in visible yellowing. Therefore, there is no direct correlation between the two, and it is possible to have biochemical jaundice without clinical jaundice.

Neonatal reflexes do not end at 10 months. In fact, neonatal reflexes typically begin to disappear or integrate into voluntary movements around 3-6 months of age. However, some reflexes may persist beyond this age, and it is not uncommon for certain reflexes to be present until 12-18 months. Therefore, the statement that neonatal reflexes should not continue after 10 months is false.

Embryos have a lower oxygen saturation compared to adults due to their smaller size and developing respiratory system. The range of 60%-65% indicates that the embryo's blood is carrying 60%-65% of the maximum amount of oxygen it can carry. This lower oxygen saturation is sufficient for the embryo's needs during development.

If the serum direct bilirubin is more than 2 mg/dl, it indicates obstructive jaundice regardless of the indirect bilirubin value. This means that there is a blockage in the bile ducts, preventing the normal flow of bile from the liver to the intestines. Obstructive jaundice can be caused by various conditions such as gallstones, tumors, or inflammation of the bile ducts. The elevated direct bilirubin levels indicate that the liver is unable to properly excrete bilirubin, leading to its accumulation in the bloodstream and causing jaundice.

Rolling out refers to the ability of a baby to roll from their back to their stomach and vice versa. At around 7 months of age, babies typically gain the strength and coordination necessary to perform this milestone. This skill is an important step in their physical development as it helps them to explore their surroundings and eventually leads to other forms of locomotion such as crawling and walking.

In hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the brain is the primary system affected due to reduced oxygen supply. However, the kidneys are also affected as they rely on adequate blood flow and oxygenation to function properly. The reduced oxygen supply can lead to kidney damage and impair their ability to filter waste products from the blood. Therefore, the renal system is the second system affected after the brain in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Hydrops fetalis is a condition characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in the fetus, leading to severe swelling. This excess fluid can put a strain on the heart, causing it to work harder and eventually fail. Therefore, heart failure is the most likely cause of death in hydrops fetalis.