3D153 Volume 2 Ures
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- 1.Which US government agency divides the radio frequency spectrum into different bands?
- A.
Federal Aviation Agency.
- B.
American National Standard Institute.
- C.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
- D.
Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.
- 2.High-frequency (HF) transmissions are normally conducted in which two operating modes?
- A.
Frequency modulation (FM) and independent sidebands (ISB).
- B.
Continuous wave (CW) and amplitude modulation (AM).
- C.
Single side band (SSB) and FM.
- D.
SSB and ISB.
- 3.Which frequency band is most susceptible to jamming?
- A.
Low frequency (LF).
- B.
Medium frequency (MF).
- C.
High frequency (HF).
- D.
Very high frequency (VHF).
- 4.The ability of a receiver to reproduce the signal of a very weak station is characteristic of a receiver’s
- A.
Fidelity.
- B.
Capacity.
- C.
Sensitivity.
- D.
Selectivity.
- 5.A combination transmitter and receiver, built as a single unit and shares common tuned circuits, is called a
- A.
Transmitter.
- B.
Transceiver.
- C.
Receiver.
- D.
Coupler.
- 6.Conductor material resistance in a transmission line leads to this type of loss.
- A.
Copper.
- B.
Radiation.
- C.
Inductive.
- D.
Skin-effect.
- 7.The amount of skin-effect loss is directly proportional to the
- A.
Line length.
- B.
Frequency.
- C.
Voltage level.
- D.
Resistive loss.
- 8.Leakage loss in a transmission line is minimized by using a
- A.
Thinner conductor.
- B.
Thicker conductor.
- C.
Very low-resistance dielectric.
- D.
Very high-resistance dielectric.
- 9.A transmission line that consists of a center conductor, placed inside a rigid metal tube that functions as the outer shield, is called
- A.
Flexible coaxial cable.
- B.
Rigid coaxial cable.
- C.
Waveguide.
- D.
Twin lead.
- 10.A waveguide is a type of transmission line that you would use
- A.
When the frequencies are so high that their wavelength is miniscule.
- B.
To transmit on frequencies too low for ground propagation.
- C.
For high power at frequencies up to 30 megahertz (MHz) primarily.
- D.
To receive television frequencies over the air.
- 11.All statements concerning waveguides are true except
- A.
Their outer surface will arc from being very slightly damaged.
- B.
Their conductive material construction is easily dented.
- C.
Their effectiveness is hindered by moisture.
- D.
They can be destroyed by corrosion.
- 12.Which two transmission line properties determine its characteristic impedance (ZO)?
- A.
Inductance and resistance.
- B.
Inductance and capacitance.
- C.
Resistance and capacitance.
- D.
Length and type of shielding.
- 13.This is the correct statement concerning a wavelength.
- A.
Wavelength is inversely related to frequency.
- B.
Wavelength is directly related to frequency.
- C.
Wavelength is determined by the line length.
- D.
Wavelength is expressed in lambdas (λ).
- 14.Determine the wavelength of a 250 megahertz (MHz) signal.
- A.
12.0 meters.
- B.
3.0 meters.
- C.
1.5 meters.
- D.
1.2 meters.
- 15.A nonresonant transmission line is one with
- A.
Reflected waves.
- B.
No reflected waves.
- C.
Maximum voltage across its open termination.
- D.
Maximum voltage across its shorted termination.
- 16.When discussing resonant and nonresonant transmission lines,
- A.
Resonant lines are often referred to as flat lines.
- B.
Maximum power transfer results from a resonant line.
- C.
Maximum power transfer results from a nonresonant line.
- D.
Significant loss and damage to equipment results from using a nonresonant line.
- 17.This will likely result if a transmission line is terminated in an open.
- A.
Signal loss would be negligible.
- B.
Signal loss would be significant.
- C.
Current would be maximum at the termination.
- D.
Voltage would be minimum at the termination.
- 18.Direct waves are radio waves that travel
- A.
Long distances with few interruptions.
- B.
From point to point along the Earth’s surface.
- C.
No more than 20 miles to the receive antenna.
- D.
Through the air in a straight line from transmitter to receiver.
- 19.Radio waves that travel near the Earth’s surface are called
- A.
Earth waves.
- B.
Global waves.
- C.
Ground waves.
- D.
Terrestrial waves.
- 20.The Earth’s conductivity is determined by the type of
- A.
Atmospheric conditions at the time of transmission.
- B.
Air and moisture content in the propagation path.
- C.
Soil and water in the propagation path.
- D.
Soil and air in the propagation path.
- 21.This term is used to describe radio waves that bend as they travel from one medium to another that has different density.
- A.
Diffusion.
- B.
Diffraction.
- C.
Refraction.
- D.
Reflection.
- 22.The refractive index of air depends on moisture,
- A.
Atmospheric pressure, and temperature.
- B.
Atmospheric pressure, and frequency.
- C.
Receive signal level, and temperature.
- D.
Receive signal level, and frequency.
- 23.When comparing the radio and optical horizons, which one is farther away and by what percentage?
- A.
Optical; 15.
- B.
Radio; 15.
- C.
Optical; 33.
- D.
Radio; 33.
- 24.Which process permits communication in shadow regions behind obstacles?
- A.
Reflection.
- B.
Scattering.
- C.
Refraction.
- D.
Diffraction.
- 25.Which frequency range will show little effect from precipitation?
- A.
High frequency (HF).
- B.
Ultra-high frequency (UHF).
- C.
Super-high frequency (SHF).
- D.
Extremely-high frequency (EHF).
- 26.Line-of-sight (LOS) radio waves that are guided through the air between two layers of the atmosphere are known as
- A.
Channeling.
- B.
Guiding.
- C.
Ducting.
- D.
Piping.
- 27.Which condition gives sky-wave propagation its ability to communicate beyond the optical line-of-sight (LOS)?
- A.
Refraction.
- B.
Reflection.
- C.
Earth’s conductivity.
- D.
Atmospheric charge.
- 28.The angle at which a radio wave enters the ionosphere is known as the
- A.
Skip angle.
- B.
Critical angle.
- C.
Angle of entrance.
- D.
Angle of incidence.
- 29.There are several critical sky-wave propagation angles and frequencies. Radio waves that angle too low are
- A.
Refracted.
- B.
Returned to Earth.
- C.
Absorbed before refraction occurs.
- D.
Passed through the ionosphere into space.
- 30.In sky-wave propagation, frequencies higher than the critical frequency are
- A.
Returned to Earth.
- B.
Passed into space.
- C.
The most desirable.
- D.
Refracted by the F2 layer.
- 31.The term frequency of optimum transmission (FOT) is also referred to as the
- A.
Outbound traffic frequency.
- B.
Optimum tropospheric frequency.
- C.
Optimum traffic frequency.
- D.
Frequency of outbound transmission.
- 32.In sky- and ground-wave propagation, the area of silence where no signals are received is known as the
- A.
Propagation distance.
- B.
Skip distance.
- C.
Dead zone.
- D.
Skip zone.
- 33.How many layers make up the Earth’s atmosphere?
- A.
2.
- B.
3.
- C.
4.
- D.
5.
- 34.This occurs when high-energy ultraviolet light waves from the sun enter the ionospheric region of the atmosphere and strike the gas atoms.
- A.
Ionization.
- B.
Modulation.
- C.
Conductivity.
- D.
Recombination.
- 35.The atmospheric recombination process is dependent on the
- A.
Season.
- B.
Time of day (TOD).
- C.
Regular variation.
- D.
Irregular variations.
- 36.This occurs when a transmitted signal travels over two or more separate paths during transmission.
- A.
Skip effects.
- B.
Modulation.
- C.
Multipathing.
- D.
Magneton splitting.
- 37.Which layer of the ionosphere is most important for high-frequency (HF) communications?
- A.
D.
- B.
E.
- C.
F.
- D.
Topside.
- 38.During which season do we have the wider range of critical frequencies and less absorption of all frequencies?
- A.
Fall.
- B.
Winter.
- C.
Spring.
- D.
Summer.
- 39.As ionospheric solar variations, sunspots are disturbances that appear and disappear
- A.
In the sun’s atmosphere.
- B.
On the sun’s surface.
- C.
In the ionosphere.
- D.
Beneath the sun’s surface.
- 40.In a basic communication system, this is used to convert radio frequency (RF) current oscillation into electric and magnetic fields of force.
- A.
Antenna.
- B.
Transmitter.
- C.
Coupler.
- D.
Transmission lines.
- 41.The concept where alternating current (AC) changes in magnitude, and reverses its direction during each cycle, is
- A.
An unproven hypothesis.
- B.
The definition of propagation.
- C.
What makes radio transmission possible.
- D.
What led to the discovery of direct current (DC).
- 42.At which point do magnetic fields around a wire no longer have time to collapse completely between alternations?
- A.
60 cycles per second (cps).
- B.
120 cps.
- C.
10,000 cps.
- D.
15,000 cps.
- 43.In radio-wave creation, which type of field detaches from the antenna and travels through space at great distances?
- A.
Radiation.
- B.
Induction.
- C.
Gravitational.
- D.
Electromotive.
- 44.Which types of polarization do most satellite communication terminals transmit and receive?
- A.
Transmit horizontal and receive vertical polarizations.
- B.
Transmit vertical and receive horizontal polarizations.
- C.
Transmit right-hand circular and receive left-hand circular polarizations.
- D.
Transmit left-hand circular and receive right-hand circular polarizations.
- 45.A resonant antenna effectively radiates a radio signal for frequencies close to its designed frequency. Which percentage range, plus or minus, is it usually within?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- 46.The ability of a receiver to reproduce the input signal accurately is characteristic of its
- A.
Fidelity.
- B.
Capacity.
- C.
Sensitivity.
- D.
Selectivity.
- 47.The design frequency of a resonant antenna is 10 megahertz (MHz). What will be its frequency range?
- A.
8–10 MHz.
- B.
9–11 MHz.
- C.
9.5–10.5 MHz.
- D.
9.8–10.2 MHz.
- 48.The ability of an antenna to both receive and transmit equally well is known as the antenna’s
- A.
Bandwidth.
- B.
Resonance.
- C.
Reciprocity.
- D.
Effectiveness.
- 49.This matching device is inserted to make a transmitter "think" it is connected to a low standing-wave ratio (SWR) antenna.
- A.
Stub.
- B.
Balun.
- C.
Coupler.
- D.
Terminating resistor.
- 50.This matching device would be used to connect a 52-ohms RG–213 cable to an antenna with an impedance of 600-ohms.
- A.
Balun.
- B.
Coupler.
- C.
Reflector.
- D.
Terminating resistor.
- 51.Which type of antenna radiates radio energy equally well in all directions?
- A.
Omni-directional.
- B.
Uni-directional.
- C.
Bi-directional.
- D.
Directional.
- 52.On which regular ionospheric variation do sunspots occur?
- A.
11-day cycle.
- B.
11-week cycle.
- C.
11-month cycle.
- D.
11-year cycle.
- 53.Add this device to make a long-wire antenna more directional.
- A.
Stub.
- B.
Balun.
- C.
Coupler.
- D.
Terminating resistor.
- 54.Beam width of a directive antenna is measured at the
- A.
Quarter-power point.
- B.
Half-power point.
- C.
Three-quarters power point.
- D.
Maximum value point.
- 55.This is one of the simplest and most functional antennas in use.
- A.
Quarter-wave vertical.
- B.
Half-wave dipole.
- C.
Inverted-V.
- D.
GRA–4.
- 56.The minimum length of a long-wire antenna is
- A.
One-quarter wavelength.
- B.
One-half wavelength.
- C.
One wavelength.
- D.
Two wavelengths.
- 57.You should use this type of antenna to communicate over the horizon to an amphibious ship on the move or to a station up to 450 kilometers away.
- A.
Near-vertical incidence sky-wave.
- B.
Helical.
- C.
Inverted-V.
- D.
Inverted-L.
- 58.The lowest frequency at which an antenna resonates is known as its
- A.
Standing wave.
- B.
Fundamental.
- C.
Resonation.
- D.
Primary.
- 59.How are most antennas designed that are used in satellite communications?
- A.
Circular-directional.
- B.
Omni-directional.
- C.
Bi-directional.
- D.
Directional.
- 60.Which type of polarization is used to radiate a signal using a helical satellite antenna?
- A.
Horizontal.
- B.
Vertical.
- C.
Circular.
- D.
Linear.
- 61.This type of antenna is used to transmit and receive microwave signals.
- A.
Horn.
- B.
Whip.
- C.
Helical.
- D.
Log-periodic.
- 62.Where are aircraft antennas normally housed?
- A.
Inside nonconductive radomes outside or flush with the fuselage.
- B.
Inside conductive radomes outside or flush with the fuselage.
- C.
Outside nonconductive radomes outside the fuselage.
- D.
Inside conductive radomes flush with the fuselage.
- 63.At which vertical angles should the multi-hop, long-distance transmission be used in airborne antenna applications for frequencies in the upper portion of the high-frequency (HF) band?
- A.
90 and 180 degrees.
- B.
60 and 90 degrees.
- C.
30 and 60 degrees.
- D.
5 and 30 degrees.
- 64.A dipole or long-wire antenna is an example of a
- A.
Whip antenna.
- B.
Hertz antenna.
- C.
Marconi antenna.
- D.
Vertical monopole.
- 65.This is the best way to orient line-of-sight (LOS) antennas.
- A.
Toward the true north bearing.
- B.
Away from the receiving station.
- C.
Away from the magnetic north bearing.
- D.
In a straight path to the receiving station.
- 66.When siting a radio station, which type of foliage would have a more adverse effect on radio-wave propagation?
- A.
Broadleaf trees.
- B.
Evergreen trees.
- C.
Swamp grass.
- D.
Sagebrush.
- 67.This has the greatest effect on an antenna’s radiation pattern.
- A.
Sun.
- B.
Earth.
- C.
Operator.
- D.
Ionosphere.
- 68.This is one fundamental rule about camouflage.
- A.
Sawed-off branches and foliage should not be used.
- B.
Site should be visualized from above.
- C.
Equipment should be widely separated.
- D.
Straight lines are obvious.
- 69.This is the most effective type of antennas in mountainous terrain that has a mountain between you and the distant end.
- A.
Whip.
- B.
Dipole.
- C.
Discone.
- D.
Near-vertical incidence sky-wave.
- 70.Which electronic warfare (EW) component responds to a tasking to search for, intercept, identify, and locate intentional and unintentional sources of radiated energy?
- A.
Attack.
- B.
Control.
- C.
Support.
- D.
Protection.
- 71.Electromagnetic (EM) deception, as it applies to electronic warfare (EW), is
- A.
Controlling the information an enemy receives.
- B.
Eliminating some, or all, of an adversary’s electronic defenses.
- C.
Conveying misleading information to an enemy through the deliberate radiation of EM energy.
- D.
Degrading, or interfering with, the enemy’s use of the EM spectrum to limit an enemy’s combat capabilities.
- 72.In frequency-hopping (FH) operations, the interval at which each transmitter remains on a given frequency for a specific time is known as
- A.
Dwell time.
- B.
Hopping rate.
- C.
Frequency offset.
- D.
Transmitter velocity.
- 73.Which type of hopping-rate category changes frequencies approximately 100 times per
- A.
Slow.
- B.
Medium.
- C.
Fast.
- D.
Conference.
- 74.What does the term "ICOM" indicate?
- A.
Internal call-out module.
- B.
Intelligent communications.
- C.
Integrated communications.
- D.
Integrated communications security.
- 75.Which statement best identifies the requirements for two transceivers to establish HAVE QUICK (HQ) communications?
- A.
They must be the same model number.
- B.
They must be the same version of transceiver.
- C.
They must be use the same encryption variables.
- D.
They must have the same word of day (WOD) and time of day (TOD).
- 76.How long is each word-of-day (WOD) used with the HAVE QUICK II (HQII) communications multiple word-of-day (MWOD)?
- A.
Until manually changed.
- B.
3 days.
- C.
48 hours.
- D.
24 hours.
- 77.Which tactical data link (TDL) is a secure, full-duplex, point-to-point digital data link that uses satellite, microwave, or terrestrial cable, as opposed to a modulated waveform, to transmit data?
- A.
Link 4.
- B.
Link 11.
- C.
Link 11B.
- D.
Link 16.
- 78.Which multiple channel access method eliminates the requirement for a net control station (NCS) in the joint tactical information distribution system (JTIDS) by providing node-less communications network architecture?
- A.
Code division.
- B.
Time division.
- C.
Space division.
- D.
Frequency division.
- 79.The Air Force integrates with modified close air support aircraft with digitized battlefield information using this type of network.
- A.
Single channel (SC) ground and airborne radio system.
- B.
Enhanced position location reporting system (EPLRS).
- C.
Joint tactical information distribution system (JTIDS).
- D.
Situation awareness data link (SADL).
- 80.Which type of advanced waveform was designed to operate on manned, vehicular-based communication systems?
- A.
Soldier radio.
- B.
Wideband networking.
- C.
Mobile user objective system.
- D.
Adaptive network wideband waveform (ANW2).
- 81.Which type of advanced waveform enables data and imagery situational awareness and provides enhanced combat effectiveness?
- A.
Soldier radio.
- B.
Wideband networking.
- C.
Mobile user objective system (MUOS).
- D.
Adaptive network wideband waveform (ANW2).
- 82.In high-frequency (HF) communications, your station’s automatic link establishment (ALE) self-address is the address
- A.
The user programmed for his or her station.
- B.
It shares with other members.
- C.
Of an unprogrammed station.
- D.
Of other stations in the net.
- 83.This is the simplest form of an automatic link establishment (ALE) call.
- A.
All.
- B.
Any.
- C.
Group.
- D.
Individual.
- 84.Where is the primary high frequency global communications system (HFGCS) network control station located?
- A.
Offutt, Nebraska.
- B.
Grand Forks, North Dakota.
- C.
Andrews AFB, Maryland.
- D.
Croughton, England.
- 85.Which automatic link establishment (ALE) call option lets you call a predefined group of stations with a single shared address, and requires them to respond, one at a time, in a predefined order?
- A.
Handshake.
- B.
Channel.
- C.
Group.
- D.
Net.
- 86.This is not a major network within the Military Auxiliary Radio Service (MARS).
- A.
Mission support network (MSN).
- B.
Phone patch network (PPN).
- C.
Very high frequency (VHF) network.
- D.
Ultra-high frequency (UHF) network.
- 87.The process of unscrambling encrypted information so that it is intelligible is known as
- A.
Decryption.
- B.
Encryption.
- C.
Cryptography.
- D.
Cryptanalysis.
- 88.Which type of cryptographic algorithm permits the encryption key to be public?
- A.
Asymmetric.
- B.
Symmetric.
- C.
Encoder.
- D.
Secret.
- 89.Which secure communications device operates by simply sliding the key tape into the reader?
- A.
KYK–13.
- B.
KOI–18.
- C.
KY–57.
- D.
KY–99A.
- 90.The common name for the method of changing encryption keys over the radio channel in a two-way radio system is called
- A.
Over-the-air rekeying (OTAR).
- B.
Asymmetric.
- C.
Symmetric.
- D.
Off-line.
- 91.Which type of conventional land mobile radio (LMR) device maximizes the communications distance between lower-powered equipment items?
- A.
Mobile.
- B.
Portable.
- C.
Repeater.
- D.
Base station.
- 92.In a land mobile radio (LMR) repeater system, a device that separates and isolates the incoming receive signal from the outgoing transmit signal and vice versa is known as a
- A.
Duplexer.
- B.
Comparator.
- C.
Key-unkey relay.
- D.
Transmit-receive switch.
- 93.Which type of site configuration was designed to provide coverage for a small geographical area?
- A.
Single-site.
- B.
Multi-site.
- C.
Simulcast.
- D.
Multicast.
- 94.This provides the interface between dispatch consoles and the central controller in a typical trunking system.
- A.
Modems.
- B.
Access control.
- C.
Switching equipment.
- D.
System management computer.
- 95.When setting up a trunking network, users with common missions or functions are assigned as
- A.
Nets.
- B.
Channels.
- C.
Talkgroups.
- D.
Subscribers.
- 96.Which statement is not a benefit of having a trunking network?
- A.
Selective radio inhibit.
- B.
Faster system access.
- C.
Unbalanced channel loads.
- D.
Better channel efficiency.
- 97.This differentiates the enterprise land mobile radio (ELMR) network from a regular trunking or conventional network.
- A.
Advanced encryption standard (AES) encryption.
- B.
Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials (APCO) P25 standard.
- C.
Repeater.
- D.
Centralized core controller.
- 98.Which Air Force instruction (AFI) requires communications squadrons to maintain installation notification and warning systems (INWS)?
- A.
AFI 10–2501, Air Force Emergency Management Program.
- B.
AFI 10–2801, Force Development Concepts.
- C.
AFI 33–115, Air Force Information Technology Service Management.
- D.
AFI 33–217, Voice Call Sign Program.
- 99.In the giant-voice system, this controls the system’s signal routing and power distribution.
- A.
Landline board.
- B.
Control board.
- C.
Radio board.
- D.
Encoder.
- 100.Which is not a major component of the giant-voice system?
- A.
Siren cabinet.
- B.
Siren stack.
- C.
Decoder.
- D.
Encoder.
- 101.Which one do you like?
- A.
Option 1
- B.
Option 2
- C.
Option 3
- D.
Option 4
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