Medical Terminology, Foundations Of Word Structure, And Abbreviations
NCCT Practice test
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The suffix -emia means:
- A.
Blood
- B.
Erudite
- C.
Hematemesis
- D.
Condition of the urine
Correct Answer
A. BloodExplanation
The suffix -emia refers to a condition or presence of a substance in the blood. It is commonly used in medical terms to indicate various blood-related conditions or disorders. For example, anemia refers to a condition where there is a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is "blood."Rate this question:
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- 2.
The medical term for expanding or opening wider is:
- A.
Dysuria
- B.
Defamation
- C.
Dilate
- D.
Atelectasis
Correct Answer
C. DilateExplanation
The correct answer is "dilate". Dilate refers to the process of expanding or opening wider. It is a medical term commonly used to describe the widening of blood vessels or the opening of a body cavity or passage. Dysuria refers to painful urination, defamation refers to damaging someone's reputation, and atelectasis refers to the collapse of part or all of the lung.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The abbreviation for urinalysis is:
- A.
UA
- B.
UN
- C.
Hystero
- D.
Urino
Correct Answer
A. UAExplanation
The correct answer is UA. UA is the abbreviation for urinalysis, which is a diagnostic test that examines the urine for various substances, such as cells, bacteria, and chemical compounds. This test helps in detecting and monitoring various conditions and diseases, including urinary tract infections, kidney diseases, and diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The medical term for groups of cells with the same function is
- A.
Hormone
- B.
Artery
- C.
System
- D.
Tissue
Correct Answer
D. TissueExplanation
The medical term for groups of cells with the same function is tissue. Tissue refers to a collection of cells that work together to perform a specific function in the body. It can be classified into four main types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Each type of tissue has distinct characteristics and functions, contributing to the overall structure and function of organs and systems in the body.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The medical term for the basic unit of body structure is:
- A.
Vein
- B.
Tissue
- C.
Cell
- D.
Organ
Correct Answer
C. CellExplanation
The medical term for the basic unit of body structure is a cell. Cells are the smallest functional and structural units of living organisms. They are responsible for carrying out all the essential functions of the body, such as growth, repair, and reproduction. Cells are specialized to perform specific tasks and are organized into tissues, organs, and systems to work together for the overall functioning of the body.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The abbreviation for below or low is:
- A.
HUC
- B.
Hyper
- C.
Hypo
- D.
Post or p
Correct Answer
C. HypoExplanation
The correct answer is "hypo" because it is the abbreviation for below or low.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The medical term for the time when menstruation begins is:
- A.
Menopause
- B.
Puberty
- C.
Menarche
- D.
Period
Correct Answer
C. MenarcheExplanation
Menarche is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for the onset of menstruation in females. It marks the beginning of reproductive capability and typically occurs during puberty. Menopause, on the other hand, refers to the end of menstruation and reproductive capacity in women, usually occurring in their late 40s or early 50s. "Period" is a colloquial term for menstruation and does not specifically denote the beginning of menstruation.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The abbreviation for gastrointestinal is:
- A.
Gtt or G.T.T.
- B.
Gyn. or G.Y.N.
- C.
GI or G.I.
- D.
Abd.
Correct Answer
C. GI or G.I.Explanation
The correct answer is GI or G.I. The abbreviation GI stands for gastrointestinal, which refers to the digestive system that includes the stomach and intestines. The abbreviation G.I. is commonly used in medical and healthcare settings to represent gastrointestinal.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The medical term for an involuntary movement is:
- A.
Growth
- B.
Reflex
- C.
Puberty
- D.
Stretching
Correct Answer
B. ReflexExplanation
An involuntary movement refers to a movement that occurs without conscious control. The term "reflex" accurately describes this type of movement, as it is an automatic response to a stimulus. Reflexes are controlled by the nervous system and are essential for the body to react quickly to potential danger or to maintain balance and coordination. Therefore, "reflex" is the appropriate medical term for an involuntary movement.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The medical term for paralysis from the wasit down is :
- A.
Coma
- B.
Quadriplegia
- C.
Disaster
- D.
Paraplegia
Correct Answer
D. ParaplegiaExplanation
Paraplegia refers to the medical condition of paralysis from the waist down. It is characterized by the loss of sensation and motor function in the lower limbs due to damage or injury to the spinal cord. This condition typically results in the inability to move or control the legs and may also affect bowel and bladder control. Coma, quadriplegia, and disaster are unrelated terms and do not specifically refer to paralysis from the waist down.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The medical term for paralysis from the neck down is:
- A.
Paraplegia
- B.
Quadriplegia
- C.
Hemiplegia
- D.
Stroke
Correct Answer
B. QuadriplegiaExplanation
Quadriplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis of all four limbs and the torso, typically caused by a spinal cord injury in the cervical region of the spine. This condition results in loss of sensation and motor function below the level of injury, affecting both arms and legs. Paraplegia, on the other hand, refers to paralysis of the lower half of the body, while hemiplegia refers to paralysis of one side of the body. Stroke is a medical condition that can cause paralysis, but it does not specifically refer to paralysis from the neck down.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The medical abbreviation for by mouth is:
- A.
Po
- B.
PMC or P.M.C.
- C.
Pc
- D.
Per
Correct Answer
A. PoExplanation
The correct answer is "po". "po" is the medical abbreviation for "by mouth" or "per oral". It is derived from the Latin phrase "per os" which means "by way of the mouth". This abbreviation is commonly used to indicate that a medication should be taken orally, either by swallowing a pill or liquid.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The medical term for the time when menstruation stops is:
- A.
Reflex
- B.
Grouth
- C.
Menopause
- D.
Menarche
Correct Answer
C. MenopauseExplanation
Menopause is the correct answer because it refers to the natural biological process in which a woman's menstrual cycles permanently stop, marking the end of her reproductive years. It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 and is characterized by a decrease in the production of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Menopause can cause various symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and changes in sleep patterns. It is an important milestone in a woman's life and signifies the end of fertility.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The abbreviation for dressing is:
- A.
Dsg
- B.
Ds
- C.
DSM
- D.
DSS
Correct Answer
A. DsgExplanation
The abbreviation for dressing is "dsg".Rate this question:
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- 15.
The medical term for paralysis on one side of the body is:
- A.
Paraplegia
- B.
Coma
- C.
Hemiplegia
- D.
Quadriplegia
Correct Answer
C. HemiplegiaExplanation
Hemiplegia is the correct answer because it refers to paralysis on one side of the body. The term "hemi" means half, and "plegia" means paralysis. This condition usually occurs due to damage or injury to the brain or spinal cord on one side, resulting in loss of movement and sensation on the affected side. Paraplegia refers to paralysis of the lower body, quadriplegia refers to paralysis of all four limbs, and coma is a state of deep unconsciousness.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The medical term for circular movement around a central point is:
- A.
Externsion
- B.
Rotation
- C.
Abduction
- D.
Dorsiflexion
Correct Answer
B. RotationExplanation
Rotation is the correct answer because it refers to the circular movement around a central point. This term is commonly used in anatomy to describe movements such as turning the head or rotating the arm. It involves the pivoting of a body part around its axis, allowing for movement in a circular or arc-like pattern.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The medical term for turning the palm forward as applied to the hand is:
- A.
Extension
- B.
Flexion
- C.
Supination
- D.
Adduction
Correct Answer
C. SupinationExplanation
Supination is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of the hand where the palm is turned forward or upward. This motion is commonly seen when holding a bowl of soup or when performing a bicep curl. Extension refers to straightening a joint, flexion is the bending of a joint, and adduction refers to bringing a body part towards the midline.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The medical term for a decrease in size or a wasting is:
- A.
Pronation
- B.
Atrophy
- C.
Plantar flexion
- D.
Abduction
Correct Answer
B. AtrophyExplanation
Atrophy is the medical term used to describe a decrease in size or wasting of a body part or tissue. This can occur due to various reasons such as disuse, injury, or disease. Pronation refers to the movement of turning the palm or sole downward, plantar flexion is the movement of pointing the foot downward, and abduction refers to the movement of taking a body part away from the midline. However, none of these terms specifically describe a decrease in size or wasting, making atrophy the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The medical term for straightening of a body part is:
- A.
Extension
- B.
Flexion
- C.
Dorsiflexion
- D.
Pronation
Correct Answer
A. ExtensionExplanation
Extension is the correct answer because it refers to the straightening of a body part. When a joint or body part is extended, it is moved in a way that increases the angle between two adjacent body parts. This movement is commonly seen in the limbs, such as extending the arm or leg. Flexion, dorsiflexion, and pronation all involve bending or movement in different directions, so they are not the correct medical term for straightening a body part.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The abbreviation for postprandial blood sugar is:
- A.
PP
- B.
Pre
- C.
PPBS
- D.
Post or p
Correct Answer
C. PPBSExplanation
The correct answer is PPBS, which stands for postprandial blood sugar. Postprandial refers to the period after a meal, and measuring blood sugar levels during this time can provide valuable information about how the body processes glucose after eating. PPBS is commonly used in medical settings to monitor and diagnose conditions such as diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The medical term for moving a body part away from the body is:
- A.
Rotation
- B.
Abduction
- C.
Dorsiflexion
- D.
Pronation
Correct Answer
B. AbductionExplanation
Abduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. This term is commonly used in anatomy to describe movements such as moving the arms or legs away from the body. Rotation refers to the movement of a body part around its own axis, dorsiflexion refers to the upward movement of the foot, and pronation refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downwards.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The medical term for bending a body part is:
- A.
Dorsiflexion
- B.
External rotation
- C.
Flexion
- D.
Range-of-motion
Correct Answer
C. FlexionExplanation
Flexion is the correct answer because it refers to the bending of a body part, typically at a joint, which decreases the angle between two bones or body segments. This movement is commonly seen in various parts of the body, such as the elbow, knee, or spine, and allows for increased mobility and range of motion. Dorsiflexion refers specifically to the upward bending of the foot at the ankle, while external rotation refers to the outward rotation of a limb. Range-of-motion is a broader term that encompasses all types of movements within a joint.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The medical term for turning the palm backward is:
- A.
Pronation
- B.
Adduction
- C.
External rotation
- D.
Supination
Correct Answer
A. PronationExplanation
Pronation refers to the movement of turning the palm backward. It involves the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces downward or backward. This movement is commonly observed when the hand is rotated to place the palm facing downward or when the forearm is rotated inward. In contrast, supination refers to the movement of turning the palm forward or upward. Adduction refers to the movement of bringing a body part towards the midline of the body, while external rotation refers to the rotation of a body part away from the midline of the body.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The medical term for bending backward is:
- A.
Contracture
- B.
Dorsiflexion
- C.
Hyperextension
- D.
Extension
Correct Answer
B. DorsiflexionExplanation
Dorsiflexion refers to the movement of bending the foot and toes upward, towards the shin. It is the opposite of plantarflexion, which is the movement of pointing the foot and toes downward. The term "bending backward" is not accurate in describing dorsiflexion, as it specifically refers to the movement of the foot and toes. Contracture refers to a permanent shortening or tightening of muscles, tendons, or other tissues, while hyperextension refers to excessive extension of a joint beyond its normal range of motion. Extension simply refers to the straightening or increasing the angle of a joint.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The medical term for the abnormal shortening of a muscle is:
- A.
Adduction
- B.
Extension
- C.
Contracture
- D.
Flexion
Correct Answer
C. ContractureExplanation
A contracture refers to the abnormal shortening of a muscle. This condition can occur due to various reasons such as immobility, muscle weakness, or neurological disorders. When a muscle undergoes a contracture, it becomes tight, stiff, and restricted in its range of motion. This can lead to pain, muscle deformity, and difficulty in performing daily activities. Treatment for contractures may involve physical therapy, stretching exercises, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The medical term for moving a body part toward the midline of the body is:
- A.
Flexion
- B.
Abduction
- C.
Adduction
- D.
Contracture
Correct Answer
C. AdductionExplanation
Adduction is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body. This movement is commonly seen in activities such as bringing the arms or legs closer to the body. Flexion refers to the bending of a joint, abduction refers to moving a body part away from the midline, and contracture refers to the abnormal shortening or tightening of muscles, tendons, or other tissues.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The abbreviation for laboratory is:
- A.
Lab
- B.
L
- C.
Lbb
- D.
Lbt
Correct Answer
A. LabExplanation
The correct answer is "lab" because it is the commonly used and accepted abbreviation for the word "laboratory". It is a shorter and more convenient way to refer to a laboratory in written and spoken language.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The abbreviation for discontinue is:
- A.
DD
- B.
D.&C. or D&C
- C.
DX
- D.
D/c
Correct Answer
D. D/cExplanation
The abbreviation "d/c" is the correct answer for the abbreviation of "discontinue". It is commonly used in medical and pharmaceutical contexts to indicate the discontinuation of a medication or treatment.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The abbreviation for bedtime or hour of sleep is:
- A.
Ht
- B.
B.m. or B.M.
- C.
Hs
- D.
BSC or bsc
Correct Answer
C. HsExplanation
The correct answer is "hs" because it stands for "hora somni" which is Latin for "hour of sleep". It is commonly used in medical and healthcare settings to indicate the time at which a patient should go to bed or sleep.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The abbreviation for above or high is:
- A.
Hyper
- B.
Approx
- C.
Hypo
- D.
HS or hs
Correct Answer
A. HyperExplanation
The correct answer is "hyper" because it is an abbreviation commonly used in medical terminology to indicate above or high. It is often used to describe conditions or symptoms that are excessive or elevated.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The abbreviation for hour is:
- A.
Ht
- B.
HS or hs
- C.
Ord
- D.
Hr or h
Correct Answer
D. Hr or hExplanation
The correct answer is "hr or h" because "hr" and "h" are commonly used abbreviations for the word "hour." These abbreviations are widely recognized and used in various contexts, such as timekeeping, scheduling, and business operations.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The abbreviation for electroencephalogram is:
- A.
EEG
- B.
EKG
- C.
ECG
- D.
E
Correct Answer
A. EEGExplanation
The correct answer is EEG. Electroencephalogram is a medical test that measures and records the electrical activity of the brain. The abbreviation "EEG" is commonly used to refer to this test.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The abbreviation for Papanicolaou smear is:
- A.
Pap smear
- B.
PS
- C.
PPSM
- D.
P smear
Correct Answer
A. Pap smearExplanation
The correct answer is "pap smear" because it is the commonly used abbreviation for Papanicolaou smear. The Papanicolaou smear, also known as a pap smear, is a screening test used to detect cervical cancer and other abnormalities in the cervix. The term "pap smear" is widely recognized and used in medical practice, making it the correct abbreviation for Papanicolaou smear.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The abbreviation for cancer is:
- A.
Cc or c.c.
- B.
CCU or C.C.U.
- C.
CA
- D.
C/O or c/o
Correct Answer
C. CAExplanation
The correct answer is CA. CA is the abbreviation for cancer.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The medical term for loss of appetite is:
- A.
Dehydration
- B.
Edema
- C.
Anorexia
- D.
Nutrient
Correct Answer
C. AnorexiaExplanation
The correct answer is anorexia. Anorexia is the medical term used to describe a loss of appetite. It is a symptom that can occur due to various underlying medical conditions or psychological factors. Dehydration refers to a condition of excessive loss of body fluids, edema refers to the swelling caused by fluid retention, and nutrient refers to essential substances needed for growth and maintenance of the body.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The medical term for tube feeding is:
- A.
IV
- B.
Gavage
- C.
IVN
- D.
Esophageal introduction
Correct Answer
B. GavageExplanation
Gavage is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for tube feeding. Gavage involves the process of introducing liquid nutrition directly into the stomach through a tube, bypassing the normal process of eating and swallowing. This method is commonly used when a person is unable to eat or swallow on their own due to various medical conditions or circumstances.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The medical term for sugar in the urine is:
- A.
Glucosuria
- B.
Ketone body
- C.
Acetone
- D.
Catheter
Correct Answer
A. GlucosuriaExplanation
Glucosuria is the medical term for the presence of sugar (glucose) in the urine. It occurs when the blood glucose level is too high, causing the kidneys to excrete the excess glucose into the urine. This can be a sign of diabetes or other underlying medical conditions affecting glucose metabolism. Ketone bodies and acetone are not related to sugar in the urine, and a catheter is a medical device used for draining urine from the bladder.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The common tern for a decubitus ulcer; a pressure sore is:
- A.
Blister
- B.
Pimple
- C.
Fever blister
- D.
Bedsore
Correct Answer
D. BedsoreExplanation
A decubitus ulcer, also known as a pressure sore, is commonly referred to as a bedsore. This term accurately describes the condition as it is a sore or ulcer that develops due to prolonged pressure on the skin, typically from lying in bed or sitting in a wheelchair for extended periods. The term "bedsore" clearly indicates the association of the condition with being bedridden or immobile for extended periods, leading to the development of ulcers.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The abbreviation for temperature, pulse, and respiration is:
- A.
Temp
- B.
TPR
- C.
Trfc
- D.
Vtls
Correct Answer
B. TPRExplanation
The abbreviation TPR stands for temperature, pulse, and respiration. This abbreviation is commonly used in medical settings to refer to these vital signs. By using TPR, healthcare professionals can efficiently communicate and document these important measurements.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The word element phlebo means:
- A.
Vein
- B.
Breathing
- C.
Air, lungs
- D.
Alongside of
Correct Answer
A. VeinExplanation
The word element "phlebo" refers to veins. Veins are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. This can be deduced from the fact that the other options, breathing, air, lungs, and alongside of, do not relate to veins. Therefore, the correct answer is vein.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The word element pneumo means:
- A.
Disease
- B.
Air, lungs
- C.
Eye
- D.
Fear, dread
Correct Answer
B. Air, lungsExplanation
The word element "pneumo" is derived from the Greek word "pneuma" which means air or breath. It is commonly used in medical terms related to the respiratory system, such as pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs) or pneumothorax (collapsed lung). Therefore, the correct answer is "air, lungs".Rate this question:
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- 42.
The word element adeno means:
- A.
Pain
- B.
Both
- C.
Gland
- D.
Anus
Correct Answer
C. GlandExplanation
The word element "adeno" refers to glands. This is evident from the fact that "adeno" is derived from the Greek word "aden," which means gland. Therefore, the correct answer is gland.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The word elements algia, algesia refer to :
- A.
Artery
- B.
Pain
- C.
Against
- D.
Air
Correct Answer
B. PainExplanation
The word elements "algia" and "algesia" are derived from the Greek word "algos" which means pain. Therefore, these word elements specifically refer to the sensation of pain.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The word element cardio means:
- A.
Gall
- B.
Colon
- C.
Heart
- D.
Cut
Correct Answer
C. HeartExplanation
The word element "cardio" is derived from the Greek word "kardia," which means "heart." This root is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to the heart or anything related to it. For example, words like "cardiology" (the study of the heart) and "cardiovascular" (relating to the heart and blood vessels) are formed using this root. Therefore, the correct answer is "heart."Rate this question:
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- 45.
The word element cranio means:
- A.
Skull
- B.
Blood
- C.
Common bile duct
- D.
Cartilage
Correct Answer
A. SkullExplanation
The word element "cranio" is derived from the Latin word "cranium" which means skull. Therefore, cranio refers to the skull.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The word element ectomy means:
- A.
Air
- B.
Outer, on the outside
- C.
Surgical removal
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
C. Surgical removalExplanation
The word element "ectomy" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate the surgical removal of a specific body part or organ. This suffix is derived from the Greek word "ektomē," which means "cutting out" or "excision." Therefore, the correct answer is "surgical removal."Rate this question:
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- 47.
The word element emesis means:
- A.
Vomiting
- B.
Kill
- C.
Weakness
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
A. VomitingExplanation
The word element "emesis" refers to the act of vomiting. It is derived from the Greek word "emein," which means "to vomit." Therefore, the correct answer is "vomiting."Rate this question:
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- 48.
The word element cise means
- A.
Colon
- B.
Cut
- C.
Tumor,swelling, hernia, sac
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
B. CutExplanation
The word element "cise" means to cut. This can be inferred from the fact that "cut" is the only option that directly relates to the meaning of "cise". The other options do not have any connection to the word element provided.Rate this question:
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- 49.
The word element centesis means:
- A.
Slow
- B.
Common bile duct
- C.
Cell
- D.
Puncture
Correct Answer
D. PunctureExplanation
The word element "centesis" refers to a medical procedure that involves puncturing a body cavity or organ with a needle in order to remove fluid or obtain a sample for diagnostic purposes. This term is commonly used in medical terminology to describe procedures such as amniocentesis (puncture of the amniotic sac for prenatal testing) or thoracentesis (puncture of the chest wall to drain fluid from the pleural cavity). Therefore, the correct answer is "puncture".Rate this question:
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- 50.
The word element renal means:
- A.
Kidney
- B.
Flow
- C.
Nose
- D.
No correct answer
Correct Answer
A. KidneyExplanation
The word element "renal" specifically refers to the kidney. It is derived from the Latin word "renes," which means kidneys. This term is commonly used in medical terminology to describe conditions or procedures related to the kidneys. Therefore, "kidney" is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the meaning of the word element "renal."Rate this question:
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