Mass Society And Democracy, 1870 -1914 Review 2

The internal-combustion engine provided a new source of power in transportation. This engine revolutionized the way vehicles operated by using the combustion of fuel within a confined space to generate power. This allowed for the development of automobiles, motorcycles, and other forms of transportation that were faster, more efficient, and more practical than previous modes of transportation. The internal-combustion engine played a crucial role in shaping the modern transportation industry and continues to be a dominant source of power in vehicles today.

The term "revisionists" refers to Marxists who rejected the revolutionary approach. These individuals believed that gradual reforms within the existing capitalist system could lead to a more equitable society, rather than a violent overthrow of the ruling class. They argued for a more moderate and evolutionary approach to achieving socialist goals. By emphasizing the importance of working within existing political and economic structures, revisionists sought to achieve change through parliamentary means and through gaining ministerial responsibility.

The correct answer is "the new elite." The question states that this class controlled 30 to 40 percent of the wealth, indicating that they were a small but powerful group with a significant amount of economic influence.

The correct answer is Duma. The Duma was the legislative assembly created by Czar Nicholas II in Russia. It was established in 1905 as a response to the 1905 Revolution and was intended to be a representative body that would help address the grievances of the Russian people. However, the powers of the Duma were limited, and it was eventually dissolved by Nicholas II in 1917. The Duma played a significant role in the political developments leading up to the Russian Revolution.

The correct answer is Triple Alliance. The Triple Alliance was a military alliance formed in 1882 between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. This alliance was created as a defensive measure against the potential threat posed by France and Russia. It aimed to maintain peace and stability in Europe by providing mutual support in case of an attack. The Triple Alliance played a significant role in shaping the geopolitical landscape of Europe leading up to World War I.

Claude Monet is the correct answer because he was an impressionist painter known for his ability to capture the interplay of light, water, and sky in his artwork. His famous series of paintings, such as "Water Lilies" and "Haystacks," showcase his mastery in depicting the ever-changing effects of light and atmosphere. Monet's unique style and emphasis on capturing the fleeting moments of nature made him one of the most influential artists of the Impressionist movement.

Emmeline Pankhurst is the correct answer because she founded the Women's Social and Political Union. Marie Curie was a renowned scientist known for her work in radioactivity, while Claude Monet was a famous French painter associated with the Impressionist movement. However, neither of them founded the Women's Social and Political Union.

Ministerial responsibility refers to the idea that the prime minister is accountable and answerable to the legislative body, such as a parliament, rather than to the monarch or president. This principle ensures that the government remains accountable to the people's representatives and promotes a democratic system of governance. It allows for checks and balances, as the prime minister and the government can be held accountable for their actions and policies by the legislative body. This concept is essential in parliamentary systems where the executive branch is responsible for implementing laws and policies approved by the legislative body.

In the early 1900s, the working class made up nearly 80 percent of the European population. This means that the majority of people belonged to this social class, which typically consisted of manual laborers, factory workers, and low-income individuals. The working class was characterized by their reliance on physical labor to earn a living and their lack of social and economic privileges enjoyed by the upper class. This explanation aligns with the given correct answer, "working class."

Sigmund Freud is the correct answer because he published major new theories of human behavior in his book "The Interpretation of Dreams." This book, published in 1899, introduced Freud's groundbreaking ideas about the unconscious mind, dream analysis, and the role of sexuality in human behavior. Freud's theories had a profound impact on the field of psychology and continue to be influential today.

During the Second Industrial Revolution, steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum led the way to a new industrial frontier. These industries played a crucial role in driving technological advancements and transforming the economic landscape. Steel was essential for construction and manufacturing, enabling the development of skyscrapers and machinery. Chemicals were used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Electricity revolutionized the way people lived and worked, powering factories and homes. Petroleum became a vital source of energy, fueling transportation and industry. Together, these industries laid the foundation for modern industrialization and economic growth.

According to Karl Marx, the proletariat, or working class, was opposed by the middle class. The proletariat refers to the social class of wage workers who do not own the means of production and are therefore dependent on the bourgeoisie, the capitalist class who own and control the means of production. Marx believed that the bourgeoisie exploited the proletariat, leading to class struggle and ultimately the need for a revolution to establish a socialist society. Therefore, the correct answer is proletariat.

Marie Curie is the correct answer because she is known for her pioneering research on radioactivity and for discovering the element radium. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields. Curie's groundbreaking work revolutionized the field of physics and led to significant advancements in the understanding of radiation.

Cubism is the correct answer because it is a painting movement that uses geometric shapes such as squares, triangles, and circles to depict objects from multiple perspectives. This style of art aims to break down and reassemble reality in a fragmented and abstract way, challenging traditional notions of representation. Impressionism focuses on capturing fleeting moments and the play of light, while abstract expressionism and postimpressionism have different artistic techniques and goals.

The correct answer is Triple Entente. The Triple Entente was an alliance formed in 1907 between Great Britain, Russia, and France. It was created as a response to the growing power of Germany and Austria-Hungary in Europe. The alliance aimed to counterbalance the Central Powers and maintain the balance of power in the region. The Triple Entente played a significant role in World War I, as its members fought against the Central Powers during the conflict.

The symbolists believed that the world was a collection of symbols that did not always represent what they appeared to represent. They believed that these symbols reflected the true reality, which was the individual human mind. This suggests that the symbolists saw the world as a subjective experience, where the true meaning of things could only be understood through personal interpretation and perception.

Guglielmo Marconi is credited with sending the first radio wave across the Atlantic. He was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer who successfully transmitted a wireless signal from Poldhu, Cornwall, in England to St. John's, Newfoundland, in Canada on December 12, 1901. This achievement marked a significant milestone in the development of wireless communication and revolutionized long-distance communication. Marconi's work laid the foundation for modern radio and paved the way for the development of numerous wireless technologies that we rely on today.

Functionalism refers to a new view in architecture that emerged during the early 20th century. It emphasized the importance of form following function, prioritizing practicality and efficiency over decorative elements. This approach aimed to create buildings that served their purpose effectively, with a focus on simplicity, rationality, and the use of modern materials and technologies. Functionalism had a significant impact on architectural design and influenced the development of modernist architecture.

Functionalism in architecture was a movement that emerged in the early 20th century, advocating for buildings to be designed with a focus on their purpose and function rather than unnecessary decoration. The idea was that buildings should be practical, efficient, and serve their intended purpose without any unnecessary ornamentation. This approach was influenced by the rise of industrialization and the belief that buildings, like machine-made products, should prioritize utility and simplicity.

Amalie Sieveking founded the Female Association for the Care of the Poor and Sick in Hamburg, Germany. Florence Nightingale was a pioneer in modern nursing, Amelia Earhart was an aviator and women's rights advocate, and Emmeline Pankhurst was a leader in the suffragette movement in the UK. However, it was Amalie Sieveking who specifically founded the mentioned association in Hamburg, Germany.

In 1860, the U.S. rural population was at about 25 million. This means that during this year, a significant portion of the American population lived in rural areas. It is important to note that the rural population refers to people living outside of urban or city areas, typically in agricultural or less densely populated regions.

According to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, time and space are not independent entities but are interconnected. They form a fabric known as spacetime. This means that if all material things were to disappear from the universe, there would be no objects or matter to create the fabric of spacetime. Therefore, time and space would also cease to exist without any material objects to define them.

The correct answer is "almost 4 million members." This means that by 1914, trade unions in Great Britain had a significant membership base of nearly 4 million individuals. This suggests that trade unions were able to attract a large number of workers who believed in their cause and saw the benefits of collective bargaining and representation. The high membership numbers indicate the popularity and influence of trade unions during this time period.

In the given question, the correct answer is "They fire muskets to make noise." This means that those in the caravan announce their arrival by shooting muskets, which creates a loud noise. This method is commonly used to alert others of their presence and to signal their approach. It helps to ensure that people are aware of their arrival and can prepare accordingly.

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