1.
Which of the following is NOT a source of short term finance:
Correct Answer
B. Accounts Receivable
Explanation
Accounts Receivable represents uncollected sales. By selling goods on credit, the business is providing a source of finance to the customer and not to itself.
2.
Which of the following would be classified as a finance decision:
Correct Answer(s)
B. Raising equity finance or long term borrowings to buy non-current assets.
D. Raising short term finance to improve working capital.
Explanation
Determining revenue expenditure and retained earnings comes under the ambit of the Dividend (or Operating) decision. Disinvestment would be part of the investment decision.
3.
A long term borrowing NOT backed by a legal charge over the assets of the borrower is called a(n):
Correct Answer
C. Unsecured Note.
Explanation
A Bank bill would be a short term source of funds. Debentures are normally secured by a floating charge over the company's assets, whilst the real property is the security given for a mortgage.
4.
Long term debt can be obtained with ALL BUT which of the following:
Correct Answer(s)
D. Preference Shares
E. Commercial Bills
Explanation
Commercial bills would be a short term source of funds, whilst shares would be classified as equity financing.
5.
Which of the following describe the characteristics of short term liabilities:
Correct Answer(s)
A. Represent contractual claims on a firms income and assets.
B. Can arise spontaneously from a firm's operations.
C. Are sources of funds for a firm.
D. Grow in line with an increase in trading operations.
E. Should be used to finance temporary movements in current assets.
Explanation
Short-term liabilities are contractual claims on a firm's income and assets, meaning they represent obligations that the firm must fulfill. They can arise spontaneously from a firm's operations, such as accounts payable or accrued expenses. They are also sources of funds for a firm, as they provide the necessary capital for day-to-day operations. Short-term liabilities grow in line with an increase in trading operations, reflecting the firm's increased financial obligations. Additionally, they should be used to finance temporary movements in current assets, such as inventory or accounts receivable.
6.
Credit extended in connection with goods purchased for resale is called:
Correct Answer
D. Trade Credit.
Explanation
Trade credit refers to the credit extended by suppliers to retailers or businesses for the purchase of goods or services. It is a common practice in business transactions where the supplier allows the buyer to pay for the goods at a later date, usually within a specified period of time. This type of credit is specifically related to the purchase of goods for resale, making it the correct answer in this context. Bank overdraft, mortgage finance, commercial bills, and unsecured notes are all different forms of financing, but they are not directly related to credit extended for goods purchased for resale.
7.
Which of the following best describe trade credit:
Correct Answer
D. Trade credit arises from the time differential between receipt and payment for goods purchased by the business.
Explanation
Trade credit may or may not have explicit interest conditions attached to amounts not paid on time, but this is not implicit in the original trading terms. Although security or personal guarantees can be negotiated during the approval process, trade credit is usually given unsecured to businesses with an acceptable credit rating. Trade credit is available to both large and small firms and there is no correlation between the size of the business and its relative use of trade credit. Account receivable is not a source of funds for a business.
8.
Debt capital is different from equity capital because of debt:
Correct Answer
B. Costs are tax deductible while cost of equity is not.
Explanation
Debt capital is different from equity capital because the costs associated with debt are tax deductible, while the cost of equity is not. This means that a company can deduct the interest payments on its debt from its taxable income, reducing its overall tax liability. On the other hand, the cost of equity, which refers to the return expected by equity investors, is not tax deductible. This fundamental difference in tax treatment makes debt capital more attractive for companies as it provides a tax shield, reducing their overall cost of capital.
9.
Some advantages of factoring finance are:
Correct Answer(s)
A. Prompt payment by the factoring company.
D. Reduction of the firm's doubtful debts.
Explanation
Factoring does not drive increased sales. Factoring costs are significant and surely loss of customer contact is not an advantage to the business.
10.
A lease arrangement in which the lessor borrows a large percentage of the purchase price of the asset to be leased is precisely termed:
Correct Answer
E. A leveraged lease.
Explanation
The most precise term would have to be a leveraged lease, even though it is a form of finance lease.
11.
The main advantage of an inter-company loan would be:
Correct Answer
C. At any one time a company which has a surplus of funds is matched with a company which has a deficiency of funds.
Explanation
The type of company and its location are irrelevant. A high level of security and high-interest rates would not be an advantage to the borrower.
12.
A sale and leaseback arrangement:
Correct Answer
B. Allows the lessee to obtain cash for an asset but still retain use of the leased asset.
Explanation
A sale and leaseback arrangement allows the lessee to obtain cash for an asset by selling it to a lessor and then leasing it back from the lessor. This means that the lessee can still use the asset even though they no longer own it. This arrangement is beneficial for the lessee as it provides them with immediate cash flow while still allowing them to use the asset for their business operations.
13.
Which of the following parties is NOT involved in a Bill of Exchange:
Correct Answer
A. Underwriter.
Explanation
An underwriter is not involved in a Bill of Exchange. A Bill of Exchange is a financial instrument used in international trade to facilitate payment between parties. The holder is the person who possesses the bill and is entitled to receive payment. The drawee/acceptor is the party who agrees to pay the bill. The drawer is the party who creates the bill and orders the drawee to pay. The discounter is a financial institution that purchases the bill at a discounted rate. However, an underwriter is not directly involved in the creation, negotiation, or payment of a Bill of Exchange.