Magis Science Final Exam Grade 6

Explanation
Producers are organisms, such as plants, that can produce their own food through photosynthesis. They are able to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose, which serves as their source of energy. Producers play a crucial role in providing food for animals and insects, as they are at the base of the food chain. Animals and insects, known as consumers, rely on producers for their food supply. Therefore, the correct answer is producers.

Explanation
Plants are producers because they have the ability to produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create glucose and oxygen. This makes them the primary source of energy in most ecosystems, as they provide food and oxygen for other organisms.

Explanation
Animals and insects that cannot produce their own food are called consumers. Unlike producers, such as plants, consumers cannot convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain energy by consuming other organisms. Consumers play a crucial role in the food chain as they feed on producers or other consumers, transferring energy and nutrients through different trophic levels. This term accurately describes organisms that rely on external food sources for their survival and cannot generate their own sustenance.

Explanation
A camel is an example of a consumer. Consumers are organisms that obtain their energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter. Camels are herbivores that consume plant material, such as leaves, grass, and seeds. They rely on consuming these plants to obtain the energy and nutrients they need to survive. Therefore, a camel fits the definition of a consumer as it consumes other organisms (plants) to obtain its energy.

Explanation
The given answer, "quaternary," is correct because it refers to the fourth level of consumers in the food chain. The primary consumers are herbivores that eat plants, the secondary consumers are carnivores that eat herbivores, and the tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat other carnivores. The quaternary consumers are at the top of the food chain and are often apex predators, feeding on tertiary consumers.

Explanation
Animals that hunt other animals for food are called predators. Predators are organisms that actively search, capture, and kill their prey in order to obtain sustenance. They are usually higher up in the food chain and have adaptations such as sharp teeth, claws, or speed to help them catch and overpower their prey. This allows them to regulate the population of other animals and maintain the balance of ecosystems.

Explanation
Animals that are killed by other animals are called prey. Prey refers to the animals that are hunted and consumed by predators for food. This relationship is part of the predator-prey dynamic in ecosystems, where predators rely on hunting and consuming prey to survive and maintain balance in the food chain.

Explanation
A cheetah is an example of a predator because it is a carnivorous animal that hunts and kills other animals for food. Cheetahs have adapted to be incredibly fast and agile, allowing them to chase down and capture their prey with great speed and precision. They primarily target small to medium-sized ungulates such as gazelles and impalas, using their exceptional speed and agility to outmaneuver and overpower their prey.

Explanation
Predator and prey are consumers because they rely on consuming other organisms for their source of energy and nutrients. They cannot produce their own food through photosynthesis or any other means, so they must feed on other organisms to survive. This relationship between predator and prey is essential for maintaining the balance of ecosystems.

Explanation
A food chain starts with a producer. Producers are organisms, such as plants, that can produce their own food through photosynthesis. They convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into energy-rich molecules like glucose. These producers are then consumed by primary consumers, which are herbivores that feed on plants. The energy is transferred from one organism to another as the chain continues with secondary consumers (carnivores that feed on herbivores) and tertiary consumers (carnivores that feed on other carnivores). Therefore, the correct answer is producer, as they are the foundation of the food chain by providing energy for other organisms.

Explanation
Consumers can be both predators and prey. In an ecosystem, consumers are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms. Some consumers are predators that hunt and feed on other organisms, making them the top consumers in the food chain. On the other hand, consumers can also become prey for other organisms higher up in the food chain. This means that consumers can play dual roles, being both predators and prey, depending on their position in the food web and the interactions with other organisms.

Explanation
The use of a food chain is applicable in different habitats because it helps to understand the flow of energy and the interdependence of organisms within an ecosystem. By studying food chains, scientists can analyze how energy is transferred from one organism to another and how different habitats may have unique combinations of organisms. This knowledge is essential for understanding the balance and functioning of various ecosystems, whether they are forests, deserts, oceans, or any other habitat.

Explanation
Green plants are not the only producers in an ecosystem. While it is true that green plants are primary producers that convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, there are other organisms that also produce their own food. For example, certain bacteria and algae can also perform photosynthesis and produce energy. Additionally, some organisms like certain types of bacteria can produce their own food through chemosynthesis, utilizing chemical reactions instead of sunlight. Therefore, it is correct to say that green plants are not the only producers in an ecosystem.

Explanation
Food chains are used to show the feeding relationship between different organisms in an ecosystem. They illustrate the flow of energy from one organism to another as they consume and are consumed by each other. This helps us understand how energy and nutrients are transferred and passed along in a specific ecosystem. Food chains also demonstrate the interdependence of different organisms and the importance of maintaining a balanced ecosystem for the survival of all species involved.

Explanation
In a marine habitat, algae is the producer. Algae are photosynthetic organisms that convert sunlight into energy through the process of photosynthesis. They play a crucial role in the marine ecosystem by producing oxygen and serving as the primary food source for many marine animals. Algae are found in various marine environments such as oceans, seas, and coral reefs, where they thrive in the presence of water and sunlight.

Explanation
Gravity is a force that attracts objects with mass towards each other. It is a fundamental force in nature that is responsible for the motion of celestial bodies, the falling of objects, and the shape of the universe. The force of gravity is directly proportional to the mass of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This force is what keeps us grounded on Earth and governs the motion of planets, stars, and galaxies.

Explanation
Forces are invisible. This is because forces are a type of interaction that cannot be seen with the naked eye. They are not physical objects that can be observed directly. Instead, forces can only be inferred by their effects on objects or systems. For example, we can see the effect of a force when an object moves or changes its shape. However, the force itself cannot be seen or directly observed.

Explanation
Newton did indeed discover the concept of gravity. He formulated the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, which explained how objects attract each other. His groundbreaking work revolutionized our understanding of the physical world and laid the foundation for modern physics.

Explanation
The given statement, "heavier objects need more force to move them," aligns with the second law of motion. According to Newton's second law, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. Therefore, a heavier object requires a greater force to accelerate it compared to a lighter object.

Explanation
Mass is actually not measured in newtons. Newtons are a unit of force, not mass. Mass is typically measured in kilograms.

Explanation
The correct answer is 10. This is because the weight of an object is equal to its mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity. In the metric system, the unit for mass is kilograms and the unit for force is newtons. Therefore, one kilogram is approximately equal to 10 newtons.

Explanation
The statement "the newton (N) is not a unit of measurement" is false. The newton is a unit of measurement for force in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after Sir Isaac Newton, who made significant contributions to the field of physics. The newton is defined as the force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared.

Explanation
Gravity is different on the moon and other planets compared to Earth. This is because the force of gravity depends on the mass of the object and the distance from the center of the object. The moon and other planets have different masses and sizes compared to Earth, resulting in different gravitational forces. On the moon, for example, the force of gravity is about one-sixth of that on Earth, making objects weigh less and allowing astronauts to jump higher. Similarly, the force of gravity on other planets varies depending on their mass and size.

Explanation
To convert grams to kilograms, we divide the number of grams by 1000. Therefore, 1000 grams is equal to 1 kilogram.

Explanation
When you push against a solid object, such as a wall, you can feel a force pushing back. This force is called the opposite force. It is a result of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, when you exert a force on the wall, the wall exerts an equal and opposite force back on you, causing you to feel the sensation of the opposite force.

Explanation
Both gravity and upthrust are forces that are keeping the person in the chair. Gravity is the force that pulls the person downward towards the center of the Earth, while upthrust is the force exerted by the chair on the person in the opposite direction. These two forces are equal and opposite, resulting in a balanced situation where the person remains seated in the chair.

Explanation
The correct answer is "arrows." Arrows are commonly used to represent the direction of a force in diagrams or illustrations. They provide a visual representation of the force's direction, making it easier to understand and analyze. By following the arrows, one can determine the direction in which the force is acting.

Explanation
Friction is the force that opposes the motion of objects when they are in contact with each other. When two surfaces touch each other, the irregularities on their surfaces interlock and create resistance, causing them to slow down. This phenomenon is known as friction. Upthrust, on the other hand, refers to the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it. Therefore, the correct answer is friction, as it accurately explains the concept of two surfaces slowing each other down when they come into contact.

Explanation
When the forces acting on an object are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, we refer to them as balanced forces. This means that the object will remain in a state of rest or continue to move at a constant velocity. In other words, the net force on the object is zero, resulting in a balanced situation.

Explanation
Forces such as pushes or pulls must use energy or nothing will happen. Energy is the capacity to do work or cause a change in an object's state or motion. In order for a force to have an effect on an object, it must transfer energy to that object. Without energy, the force would not be able to cause any change in the object's position or state. Therefore, energy is necessary for forces to have an impact on objects.