Latin America, 1945-present Quiz 22-1

Oscar Niemeyer is the correct answer because he is a famous architect known for designing some of Brasilia's buildings. This suggests that he has made significant contributions to the architectural landscape of Brasilia, which is the capital city of Brazil. His designs are renowned for their modernist and futuristic style, making him a prominent figure in the field of architecture.

The given terms, such as Oscar Niemeyer, magic realism, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, and multinational corporations, are all unrelated. However, the term "Western Hemisphere political group" is directly related to the Organization of American States (OAS). The OAS is an international organization that promotes cooperation and dialogue among the countries of the Americas. It serves as a platform for political, economic, social, and cultural discussions and actions in the Western Hemisphere. Therefore, the correct answer is the Organization of American States.

The correct answer is "dramatic increases in population." This is because a significant increase in population can put strain on the economy by creating higher demand for resources and services, leading to issues such as overcrowding, unemployment, and increased poverty rates. It can also lead to a greater burden on infrastructure and public services, making it challenging for the government to meet the needs of the growing population.

Gabriel Garcia Marquez received the 1982 Nobel Prize in literature. This prestigious award is given to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the field of literature. Marquez is known for his use of magical realism, a literary style that combines fantastical elements with reality. His works often explore themes such as love, death, and the impact of multinational corporations on society. Marquez's writing has had a significant influence on Latin American literature and he is considered one of the most important writers of the 20th century.

During the 1980s, democratic reforms occurred in some Latin American countries due to the unwillingness of some military leaders to address the debt problems. This suggests that these leaders were unable or unwilling to effectively manage the economic challenges faced by their countries. As a result, there was a growing demand for democratic reforms as people sought alternative solutions to address the economic crisis.

Multinational corporations refers to companies that have divisions or branches in more than two countries. This term is commonly used to describe large corporations that operate and conduct business in multiple countries around the world. These companies often have a global presence and engage in various activities such as production, distribution, and marketing in different countries. Multinational corporations play a significant role in the global economy and have a substantial impact on international trade and investment.

Magic realism is a literary form that originated in Latin America. It combines elements of fantasy and reality, blurring the boundaries between the two. This genre is characterized by the inclusion of magical or supernatural elements in an otherwise realistic narrative. Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a renowned Latin American author, is often associated with magic realism and is known for his influential works in this genre. Therefore, the correct answer is magic realism.

In One Hundred Years of Solitude, Gabriel Garcia Marquez blends elements of realism and fantasy. Throughout the novel, he presents a vivid and detailed portrayal of the Buendia family and their experiences, which reflects the realistic aspects of life. At the same time, Marquez incorporates magical and supernatural elements, such as characters living for centuries and fantastical occurrences, which adds a touch of fantasy to the story. This combination of realism and fantasy creates a unique and captivating narrative that blurs the boundaries between the ordinary and the extraordinary.

After the establishment of the OAS in 1948, the United States did not stop interfering in Latin American affairs. This can be inferred from the other options provided, which state that the US provided military aid to anti-Communist regimes, took action against pro-Communist governments, and became more anxious about the spread of Communist regimes. These actions indicate that the US continued to involve itself in Latin American affairs, rather than ceasing interference.

Latin American governments in the 1960s faced economic problems due to their dependence on advanced technology from the United States, Europe, and Japan, as well as their failure to find international markets for their manufactured products. Additionally, they sought support from multinational corporations to invest in Latin America. The correct answer, D, states that the inability to keep up with the demand for their exported goods was not a reason for their economic problems.