III. pHarmacology (pH) Administration Of Medication

The given list consists of four abbreviations: sol, slt, stn, and SSN. Among these, "sol" is the correct answer because it is the only abbreviation that is not in all capital letters. The other abbreviations, slt, stn, and SSN, are all written in uppercase letters, while "sol" is written in lowercase letters.

The given answer "inj" is the correct abbreviation for "injection". It is a commonly used abbreviation in medical contexts to refer to the process of administering a substance into the body using a needle or syringe. The other options "in", "ing", and "ij" do not accurately represent the abbreviation for "injection".

A drug that causes urination is called a diuretic. Diuretics work by increasing the production of urine in the body, which helps to remove excess fluid and waste products. This can be beneficial for individuals with conditions such as high blood pressure, edema, or certain kidney disorders. Diuretics are commonly prescribed to help reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure.

An anticoagulant is a drug that is used to prevent blood from clotting. This type of medication is commonly prescribed to individuals who are at risk of developing blood clots, such as those with certain heart conditions or who have undergone surgery. By inhibiting the clotting process, anticoagulants help to prevent the formation of dangerous blood clots that can lead to serious health complications, such as heart attacks or strokes. Therefore, anticoagulant is the correct answer for the given question.

A drug that reduces anxiety is called a tranquilizer. Tranquilizers are medications that help to calm and relax a person's mind and body, reducing feelings of anxiety and stress. They work by affecting certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin and GABA, which help to regulate mood and promote a sense of calmness. Tranquilizers are commonly prescribed for conditions such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. They can help to alleviate symptoms of anxiety, such as excessive worrying, restlessness, and difficulty sleeping.

An antacid is a drug that neutralizes acidity in the stomach. It helps to relieve symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, and acid reflux by reducing the production of stomach acid. Antacids work by increasing the pH level in the stomach, making it less acidic. This can provide temporary relief from discomfort caused by excess stomach acid. Therefore, the correct answer is antacid.

A drug that decreases congestion is called a decongestant. Decongestants work by constricting the blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and allowing for easier breathing. They are commonly used to relieve symptoms of nasal congestion caused by allergies, colds, or sinus infections. Unlike suppressants, which generally refer to drugs that suppress certain bodily functions, decongestants specifically target congestion and help to alleviate it. Diuretics increase urine production, while sedatives induce relaxation and sleep.

The correct answer, "supp," is an abbreviation for the word "suppository." It is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to a medication that is inserted into the rectum or vagina for local or systemic effects. The other options, "supt," "SSUP," and "SPT," are not recognized abbreviations for suppository and are therefore incorrect.

The abbreviation "tinc" is the correct answer because it is the most commonly used abbreviation for the word "tincture". The other options, "tcc", "tct", and "tcr", do not accurately represent the word "tincture" and are not commonly used abbreviations for it.

Physicians must have a narcotics license to dispense, prescribe, or administer controlled substances. This license is necessary to ensure that physicians are knowledgeable about the proper handling and administration of these substances, which have the potential for abuse and addiction. It also helps to regulate and monitor the distribution of narcotics, ensuring that they are used for legitimate medical purposes and not for illegal activities.

The abbreviation "tab" is the correct answer because it is the most commonly used and recognized abbreviation for the word "tablet". It is a shortened form that is widely used in medical and pharmaceutical contexts to refer to a solid dosage form of medication that is meant to be swallowed whole. The other options, "tbb", "tsp", and "tbl", are not commonly used abbreviations for tablet and are not widely recognized in this context.

The buccal method of administering a drug involves placing the medication between the gum and cheek. This allows the drug to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the oral mucosa. It is a convenient and effective route of administration, especially for drugs that are not well absorbed through the digestive system or that need to bypass the liver. This method also avoids the first-pass metabolism, which can reduce the drug's effectiveness. Overall, the buccal method provides a rapid and efficient way to deliver medications.

The correct answer is "fl or fld" because these abbreviations are commonly used to represent the word "fluid". They are short and easy to understand, making them suitable for quick and efficient communication. The other options, "wet", "flud", and "fuid", do not accurately represent the word "fluid" and may cause confusion or misunderstanding.

The correct answer is "IM" which stands for intramuscular. Intramuscular refers to a method of administering medication or injections directly into the muscle. It is commonly used when rapid absorption and distribution of the medication is required.

The "outdate" or "expiration date" on a bottle of medication refers to the date until which the medication is guaranteed to be effective and safe to use. After this date, the medication may lose its potency or even become harmful. It is important to not use the medication beyond its expiration date to ensure its effectiveness and avoid any potential risks.

A drug that increases urinary output is called a diuretic. Diuretics work by increasing the excretion of water and electrolytes from the body through the kidneys. They are commonly used to treat conditions such as high blood pressure, edema, and kidney disorders. By increasing urine production, diuretics help to reduce fluid buildup in the body and promote the elimination of waste products. Miotic, cytotoxin, and expectorant are not related to increasing urinary output, making diuretic the correct answer.

A drug that causes dilation of blood vessels is called a vasodilator. This type of drug works by relaxing and widening the blood vessels, allowing for increased blood flow. This can help to lower blood pressure and improve circulation. Vasodilators are commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension, angina, and heart failure. They can also be used to relieve symptoms of conditions like Raynaud's disease, where blood vessels in the fingers and toes constrict and cause pain or numbness. Overall, vasodilators are important medications for managing cardiovascular health.

A small adhesive patch or disc used for administration of drugs is called a transdermal system. This system allows drugs to be absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream, providing a controlled and continuous release of medication. The patch or disc is designed to stick to the skin and deliver the drug over a specific period of time. This method of drug delivery is often used for medications that need to be absorbed slowly and steadily into the body.

The correct answer is "emul". This is most likely an abbreviation for "emulsion". Emulsion refers to a mixture of two or more liquids that are usually immiscible, such as oil and water. This abbreviation is commonly used in various industries, including photography, cosmetics, and food.

The correct answer is AU. AU stands for "both ears," indicating that the abbreviation refers to something that applies to both ears.

The correct answer is "twice" because reading the label on a reagent is important for ensuring safety and accuracy in the mixing process. By reading the label twice, one can double-check the instructions, precautions, and any specific details about the reagent that may be crucial for its proper use. This helps to prevent any potential errors or mishaps that could occur if the label is not properly understood or followed. Therefore, reading the label twice is a necessary step to ensure the correct and safe mixing of the reagent.

The given answer "oint, ung" is the correct abbreviation for the word "ointment". It is a commonly used abbreviation in medical and pharmaceutical contexts. The abbreviation "ONT" is incorrect and does not represent the word "ointment" accurately. "Cream" is not an abbreviation for "ointment" and is not relevant to the given question.

An antipyretic is a drug used to control temperature. It helps to reduce fever and lower body temperature. This type of medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of illnesses such as the common cold or flu, where fever is a common symptom. Antipyretics work by inhibiting the production of certain chemicals in the body that cause fever. By reducing fever, antipyretics can help alleviate discomfort and promote healing.

A drug that produces sleep is called a hypnotic. This type of drug is commonly used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It works by slowing down brain activity and inducing a state of relaxation, allowing the person to fall asleep and stay asleep for a desired period of time. Hypnotics can be prescribed by a healthcare professional and should be used under their guidance to ensure safe and effective use.

The correct answer is "bid". In medical terminology, "bid" stands for "twice a day". It is an abbreviation used to indicate that a medication or treatment should be taken two times a day, typically with an equal time interval between doses.

To find out how many tablets will be given, we need to divide the ordered medication dosage (500mg) by the amount of medication in each tablet (250mg). By doing this calculation, we get 2 tablets as the answer. Therefore, 2 tablets will be given to fulfill the physician's order of 500mg of medication.

Hydrocortisone is a drug that is commonly used to suppress inflammation. It works by reducing the production of substances in the body that cause inflammation, such as prostaglandins and cytokines. By suppressing inflammation, hydrocortisone can help to relieve symptoms such as redness, swelling, and pain. It is often used to treat a variety of inflammatory conditions, including allergies, asthma, and skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis.

An appetite suppressor is a drug that helps to control or reduce one's appetite. It works by targeting the hunger signals in the brain, making a person feel less hungry and reducing their desire to eat. This can be beneficial for individuals who struggle with overeating or have difficulty controlling their food intake. By suppressing the appetite, this drug can aid in weight management and promote healthier eating habits.

The given abbreviation "syr" is short for syrup.

The correct answer is "liters per minute" because the rate of delivery of oxygen is commonly measured in liters per minute. This is because the amount of oxygen delivered is specified by the volume of oxygen gas in liters that is administered per minute.

The physician has ordered 50mg of Demerol to be given to the patient. The concentration of Demerol is 100mg/ml. To calculate the volume (in cc) of Demerol to be injected, we divide the ordered dose (50mg) by the concentration (100mg/ml). This gives us 0.5 cc, which is the correct answer.

Nitroglycerine is used for the treatment of angina pectoris. Angina pectoris is a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Nitroglycerine works by relaxing and widening the blood vessels, allowing more blood to flow to the heart and relieving the symptoms of angina. It is commonly used as a medication to provide immediate relief during angina attacks.

The correct abbreviation for "elixir" is "elix".

The correct answer is "gtt" because it is the abbreviation for "drops." This abbreviation is commonly used in medical and pharmaceutical contexts to indicate the number of drops to be administered.

An antitussive is a drug that is used to relieve a cough. It works by suppressing the cough reflex and reducing the urge to cough. This type of medication is commonly used to treat dry, non-productive coughs that are caused by conditions such as the common cold or respiratory infections. Antitussives can help provide temporary relief from coughing and allow individuals to rest and recover.

A placebo is an inactive substance given to a patient instead of the actual drug. It is used to satisfy the patient's belief that they are receiving treatment, even though the substance itself has no therapeutic effect. Placebos are often used in clinical trials to compare the effectiveness of a new drug against the placebo. They can also be used in medical practice when there is no specific treatment available or when the patient's condition is primarily psychological.

Physicians with a narcotics license are required to register on June 30 of each year with the Drug Enforcement Agency. This agency is responsible for enforcing controlled substances laws and regulations in the United States. Registering with the DEA ensures that physicians who prescribe narcotics are closely monitored and regulated to prevent misuse and illegal distribution of these drugs.

An emulsion is a liquid preparation that consists of fine droplets of one immiscible liquid dispersed in another. In this case, the emulsion is formed by mixing fine droplets of castor oil in water. Emulsions are commonly used in various industries, such as food and pharmaceuticals, to combine substances that would not normally mix. They are stable and can be easily applied or consumed. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is emulsion.

The abbreviation "AD" stands for "right ear" in this context.

The Physician's Drugs reference provides information on medications based on various categories such as manufacturer, generic name, classification, and composition. However, the answer states that medications cannot be located under the category of composition in this reference. Therefore, the correct answer is "composition".

Schedule IV drugs include minor tranquilizers and hypnotics that have a lesser potential for abuse. These drugs are considered to have a lower risk of dependence and abuse compared to drugs in other schedules. They are commonly used for medical purposes such as treating anxiety and sleep disorders. Examples of Schedule IV drugs include Xanax, Valium, and Ambien.

Schedule I drugs are substances that have no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. This means that these drugs are considered to have a high risk of addiction and dependence, and there is no recognized medical benefit to using them. These substances are tightly regulated and illegal to possess or distribute without proper authorization.

The physician has ordered 0.2 Gm of a medication, and the amount on hand is 400mg tabs. To determine how many tablets will be given to the patient, we need to convert grams to milligrams. Since there are 1000mg in 1g, 0.2g is equal to 200mg. Now, we divide the amount on hand (400mg) by the ordered dosage (200mg) to find the number of tablets needed. 400mg / 200mg = 2 tablets. However, since the options only include whole or half tablets, the correct answer is 0.5 tab.

A drug that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate is called a mydriatic. Mydriatics work by relaxing the muscles in the iris, which allows the pupil to become larger. This dilation of the pupil can be useful in certain medical procedures, such as eye examinations or surgeries, as it provides a better view of the structures inside the eye.

The pink page of the Physician's Desk Reference is where a medical assistant would be able to locate a medication by brand or generic name.