Trivia On Gross Anatomy Of The Lungs! Quiz
Do you know about the gross anatomy of the lungs? The lungs are paired organs connected to the trachea by the right and left bronchi on the interior surface. The lungs are the major structures of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals. The purpose of the respiratory system is to extract oxygen and transfer it into the bloodstream. If you would like to understand additional information, try this quiz.
- 1.
Which of the following is NOT a role of respiration?
- A.
Gaseous exchange
- B.
Phonation
- C.
Olfactory
- D.
Temperature regulation
- E.
Mechanical stabilization of thorax
- F.
Blood pressure regulation
- G.
ALL are roles of respiration
Correct Answer
G. ALL are roles of respirationExplanation
Respiration has multiple roles in the body, including gaseous exchange, phonation (production of sound), olfactory (sense of smell), temperature regulation, mechanical stabilization of the thorax, and blood pressure regulation. Therefore, the statement "ALL are roles of respiration" is the correct answer as it correctly identifies that all the given options are roles of respiration.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following is NOT found on the left lung?
- A.
Horizontal fissure
- B.
Superior lobe
- C.
Inferior lobe
- D.
Oblique fissure
- E.
Cardiac notch
- F.
Lingula
Correct Answer
A. Horizontal fissureExplanation
The horizontal fissure is not found on the left lung. The left lung only has an oblique fissure, which divides it into superior and inferior lobes. The horizontal fissure is present on the right lung, dividing it into superior and middle lobes. Therefore, the correct answer is the horizontal fissure.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is NOT found in each lung lobe?
- A.
Primary bronchi
- B.
Secondary bronchi
- C.
Tertiary segmental bronchi
- D.
Lobular bronchiole
- E.
Alveoli
Correct Answer
A. Primary bronchiExplanation
The primary bronchi are not found in each lung lobe. The primary bronchi are the main airways that branch off from the trachea and enter each lung, dividing into secondary bronchi which then further divide into tertiary segmental bronchi. Each lobe of the lung has its own secondary bronchi, tertiary segmental bronchi, lobular bronchioles, and alveoli. Therefore, the primary bronchi are the only option that is not found in each lung lobe.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Starting at the bifurcation of the trachea, what is the CORRECT order that air travels to the lungs?
- A.
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, lobular bronchiole, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli.
- B.
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, terminal bronchioles, lobular bronchiole, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli.
- C.
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, lobular bronchiole, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli.
- D.
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, lobular bronchiole, terminal bronchioles, alveoli, respiratory bronchioles.
Correct Answer
A. Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, lobular bronchiole, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. -
- 5.
Which of the following is CORRECT concerning alveolar surfactant?
- A.
It is produced by Type I pneumocytes.
- B.
It reduces surface tension at the alveolar surface.
- C.
It is composed of glycoproteins.
- D.
It is made in the cytosol of pneumocytes
Correct Answer
B. It reduces surface tension at the alveolar surface.Explanation
Alveolar surfactant is a substance produced by Type II pneumocytes in the lungs. It is responsible for reducing surface tension at the alveolar surface, preventing the collapse of alveoli during expiration. This reduction in surface tension allows for efficient gas exchange in the lungs. Alveolar surfactant is composed of phospholipids, mainly dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), along with other proteins and lipids.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is EXCLUSIVELY involved in expiration?
- A.
Sternocleido mastoid
- B.
Scalenes
- C.
External intercostals
- D.
Internal intercostals
- E.
Abdominal muscles
Correct Answer
E. Abdominal musclesExplanation
During expiration, the abdominal muscles play a crucial role in forcing air out of the lungs. These muscles, including the rectus abdominis, external obliques, and internal obliques, contract to increase intra-abdominal pressure. This increased pressure pushes the diaphragm upward, compressing the lungs and expelling air. The other options listed (sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, external intercostals, and internal intercostals) are involved in the process of breathing, but they are not exclusively involved in expiration.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following innervates the lungs?
- A.
Anterior pulmonary plexus
- B.
Posterior pulmonary plexus
- C.
Vagus nerve
- D.
Sympathetic trunk
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the options listed innervate the lungs. The anterior pulmonary plexus and posterior pulmonary plexus are both networks of nerves that provide innervation to the lungs. The vagus nerve, which is a cranial nerve, also innervates the lungs. Additionally, the sympathetic trunk, which is part of the sympathetic nervous system, provides innervation to the lungs. Therefore, all of the options mentioned are correct in terms of innervating the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Sympathetic innervation is responsible for bronchiole ___________ and blood vessel _________.
- A.
Dilation, constriction
- B.
Constriction, dilation
- C.
Dilation, dilation
- D.
Constriction, constriction
Correct Answer
A. Dilation, constrictionExplanation
Sympathetic innervation is responsible for bronchiole dilation and blood vessel constriction. This means that when the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the bronchioles in the lungs will dilate, allowing for increased airflow. At the same time, the blood vessels will constrict, reducing blood flow to certain areas. This response is part of the body's fight-or-flight response, preparing it for increased physical activity or stress.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is INCORRECTLY paired?
- A.
Vagus nerve – bronchoconstrictor, vasodilator
- B.
Visceral pleura – autonomic nerve
- C.
Costal diaphragmatic pleura – intercostal nerves
- D.
Mediastinal diaphragmatic pleura – vagus nerve
- E.
Central diaphragmatic pleura – phrenic nerve
Correct Answer
D. Mediastinal diaphragmatic pleura – vagus nerveExplanation
The mediastinal diaphragmatic pleura is incorrectly paired with the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve does not innervate the mediastinal diaphragmatic pleura. Instead, the mediastinal diaphragmatic pleura is innervated by the phrenic nerve, which is responsible for the motor innervation of the diaphragm. The vagus nerve primarily innervates the viscera of the thorax and abdomen, including the bronchi and blood vessels, as mentioned in the other options.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Nipples are normally located around the _________ intercostal space.
- A.
3rd
- B.
4th
- C.
5th
- D.
6th
- E.
7th
Correct Answer
B. 4thExplanation
Nipples are normally located around the 4th intercostal space. This refers to the space between the 4th and 5th ribs. The placement of nipples can vary slightly among individuals, but on average, they are found in this specific intercostal space.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Your patient has received a massive knife wound to the back that has penetrated the posterior mediastinum. Which of the following structures is susceptible to injury?
- A.
Azygos Vein
- B.
Arch of the aorta
- C.
Inferior vena cava
- D.
Left atrium of the heart
- E.
Trachea
Correct Answer
A. Azygos VeinExplanation
In this scenario, the correct answer is the Azygos Vein. The posterior mediastinum is located behind the heart and between the lungs. It contains important structures such as the aorta, vena cava, esophagus, and azygos vein. A knife wound to this area can potentially injure any of these structures. However, the azygos vein is particularly susceptible to injury due to its location and proximity to the posterior mediastinum. The azygos vein is a major vein that drains blood from the chest wall and empties into the superior vena cava.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A patient undergoes surgery to repair an injury to his thoracic aorta. In post-op, he complains of difficulty breathing and upon examination has decreased breath sounds. The patient received a thoracentesis, and a white, milky fluid was extracted. What structure could have been damaged during surgery?
- A.
Hemiazygos vein
- B.
Thymus
- C.
Thoracic duct
- D.
Spinal meninges
Correct Answer
C. Thoracic ductExplanation
During surgery to repair the injury to the thoracic aorta, it is possible that the thoracic duct, which is responsible for draining lymph from the lower body and left upper body into the venous system, could have been damaged. The thoracic duct is located in close proximity to the thoracic aorta, and injury to the duct can result in leakage of lymphatic fluid. This can lead to a condition known as chylothorax, where the lymphatic fluid accumulates in the pleural space, causing decreased breath sounds and difficulty breathing. The extraction of white, milky fluid during thoracentesis is consistent with chylothorax, further supporting the possibility of thoracic duct damage.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which structure would most likely be injured if the patient suffered damage to the body of their vertebrae at the level of T8?
- A.
Inferior Vena Cava
- B.
Esophagus
- C.
Thoracic Aorta
- D.
Vagus Nerve
- E.
Phrenic Nerve
Correct Answer
C. Thoracic AortaExplanation
If the patient suffered damage to the body of their vertebrae at the level of T8, the structure that would most likely be injured is the Thoracic Aorta. The thoracic aorta is located in the chest region and runs along the vertebral column. It is responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the organs and tissues in the chest and upper abdomen. Damage to the body of the vertebrae at the level of T8 could potentially cause trauma to the thoracic aorta, leading to severe bleeding and other complications.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 07, 2011Quiz Created by
Chachelly
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