Grade 11 Integrated Science

Protein is important for building strong muscles because it is made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of muscle tissue. When we consume protein, our body breaks it down into amino acids and uses them to repair and build new muscle fibers. Protein also helps to increase muscle mass and strength by stimulating muscle protein synthesis. Fat, sugar, and starch do not have the same muscle-building properties as protein, making protein the correct answer.

The respiratory system is likely to be affected by the presence of dust in the air. Dust particles can irritate the respiratory tract and cause inflammation, leading to symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. Inhaling dust can also trigger allergic reactions in some individuals. Prolonged exposure to dust can result in chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, or even lung disease. Therefore, the respiratory system is particularly vulnerable to the presence of dust in the air.

Solar energy is transferred through space by radiation. Radiation refers to the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or particles. In the case of solar energy, the sun emits electromagnetic waves, specifically in the form of visible light and heat, which travel through space and reach the Earth. This transfer of energy does not require a medium, making radiation the most suitable explanation for how solar energy is transferred through space.

Insulin is the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels in humans. It is produced by the pancreas and helps to lower blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Insulin also promotes the storage of glucose in the liver and muscles as glycogen. Without sufficient insulin, blood sugar levels can become too high, leading to a condition called hyperglycemia, which is characteristic of diabetes. Therefore, insulin plays a crucial role in maintaining normal blood sugar levels in the body.

Antibodies are important in the human body because they protect against disease. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses. They bind to these foreign substances, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This helps to prevent and fight off infections and diseases, making antibodies crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being.

Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. They contain a protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it to the tissues. This process is essential for delivering oxygen to cells for energy production and maintaining overall bodily functions. Platelets are involved in blood clotting, phagocytes are responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens, and lymphocytes play a role in the immune response. However, none of these components are primarily responsible for oxygen transport.

Adrenaline is the correct answer because it is a hormone that is produced by the adrenal glands in emergency situations. It helps to prepare the body for a fight or flight response by increasing heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and mobilizing stored energy. Insulin is not produced in emergency situations, but rather helps regulate blood sugar levels. Secretin is a hormone that helps regulate the digestive system. Prolactin is a hormone involved in milk production.

Chromosomes are the structures responsible for the transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring. They contain the genetic material, DNA, which carries the instructions for the development and functioning of an organism. During reproduction, chromosomes are passed from the parents to their offspring, ensuring the inheritance of traits and characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is Chromosome.

The testes of the human male correspond to the anther of flowers because they both produce male sex cells. The testes produce sperm cells, which are the male sex cells, while the anther produces pollen, which contains the male sex cells in plants. This similarity in function is why the testes and anther can be compared to each other.

Capillaries are tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. They are responsible for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the surrounding tissues. Capillaries have a large surface area and are located close to the cells, allowing for efficient exchange of substances. Unlike arteries and veins, which have thicker walls and carry blood away from and towards the heart respectively, capillaries are narrow and have one-cell-thick walls to facilitate the exchange of substances. Therefore, capillaries are one of the three types of blood vessels found in the human circulatory system.

Wet clothes are most likely to dry quickly under conditions of high temperature and low humidity because high temperature increases the rate of evaporation, causing the water in the clothes to evaporate faster. Low humidity means that the air has less moisture, allowing the water vapor from the wet clothes to be absorbed more easily, further aiding the drying process.

Osmoregulation is the process by which organisms maintain the balance of water and solutes in their bodies. It involves controlling the amount of water that enters and leaves the tissues of the body. This is achieved through various mechanisms such as osmosis, filtration, and reabsorption in different parts of the body, such as the kidneys in humans. Osmoregulation helps to regulate the concentration of solutes in the body and ensure that cells and tissues function properly.

Molar teeth are typically flat topped. This means that the biting surface of the tooth is relatively flat, allowing for effective grinding and chewing of food. The flat top helps to break down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to digest. Molars are located at the back of the mouth and are larger and stronger than other teeth, making them well-suited for this grinding function.

The correct answer is Nucleus. The question is asking for the structure label X, and the correct answer is the Nucleus.

Convection is the method of heat transfer that occurs in fluids. It involves the transfer of heat through the movement of the fluid itself. In convection, heat is transferred from one place to another by the movement of hot fluid particles, such as air or water. This movement creates currents that carry the heat energy. Convection is commonly observed in everyday life, such as the rising of hot air or the circulation of hot water in a pot.

Meiosis is the process of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells. This process involves recombination and independent assortment of chromosomes, which leads to genetic variation in the gametes. Mitosis is responsible for cell growth and repair, binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, and budding is another form of asexual reproduction found in some organisms.

Germination is most likely to take place in test tube II. This can be inferred because germination requires favorable conditions such as moisture, oxygen, and suitable temperature. Test tube II is the only option that provides these conditions, as it is the only test tube mentioned. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that germination is most likely to occur in test tube II.

Carbon monoxide combines with the haemoglobin in the red blood cell. This is because carbon monoxide has a strong affinity for haemoglobin, binding to it more readily than oxygen. When carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin, it forms carboxyhemoglobin, which prevents oxygen from binding to haemoglobin and reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This can lead to a decrease in oxygen supply to the body's tissues and organs, causing symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and shortness of breath.

Respiration is the correct answer because it is the process by which glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy. This process occurs in the cells of living organisms and is essential for the release of energy needed for various biological functions. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules, excretion is the elimination of waste products, and fermentation is an anaerobic process that produces energy without the presence of oxygen.

Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products from the body. In the given question, there are four processes mentioned, but only process III is where excretion is occurring. Without any further information about the processes, it can be assumed that process III involves the elimination of waste products from the body, making it the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Cell wall". The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells. It provides support and protection to the cell, helping to maintain its shape and prevent it from bursting under pressure. The cell wall is made up of cellulose and other polysaccharides, and it also contains proteins and other molecules that contribute to its strength and functionality.

Rhythm method of birth control is most likely to require an accurate prediction of the ovulation period. This method involves tracking a woman's menstrual cycle and avoiding intercourse during her fertile days. In order to effectively use this method, it is crucial to accurately predict when ovulation occurs. This can be done by monitoring changes in basal body temperature, cervical mucus, and/or using ovulation prediction kits. By avoiding intercourse during the fertile period, the chances of pregnancy can be reduced.

Structure (C) is responsible for carrying impulses to the brain.

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