Food Technology Quiz Championship

Viruses can infect bacteria, animals, and plants. They are microscopic infectious agents that invade the cells of their host organisms and replicate themselves, causing various diseases and infections. Viruses have the ability to adapt and infect a wide range of hosts, including different species within the animal and plant kingdoms. Therefore, the correct answer is "All the above."

Curcumin is a chemical compound found in turmeric. Turmeric is a yellow spice commonly used in cooking and is known for its medicinal properties. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Curcumin is responsible for the vibrant yellow color of turmeric and is believed to have various health benefits, including reducing inflammation, improving brain function, and preventing chronic diseases. Therefore, the correct answer is turmeric.

Financial management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the financial activities of an organization. It involves acquiring and utilizing financial resources for the firm's activities, which includes making decisions regarding investments, financing, and managing cash flow. This answer encompasses the broad scope of financial management, emphasizing its focus on all aspects of acquiring and utilizing financial resources to support the firm's operations.

Degree brix is a unit of measurement used to determine the total soluble solid content in a liquid. It measures the concentration of all the dissolved solids, such as sugars, in the liquid. The higher the degree brix, the higher the concentration of soluble solids in the liquid. This measurement is commonly used in the food and beverage industry to determine the sweetness or concentration of a liquid, such as fruit juices or syrups.

Soft drink and bottled water are typically packed in PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles. PET is a popular choice for packaging beverages because it is lightweight, transparent, and has good barrier properties that help to maintain the freshness and quality of the product. It is also strong and shatter-resistant, making it safe for transportation and handling. Additionally, PET is recyclable, which aligns with the growing consumer demand for sustainable packaging options.

Blanching is a cooking process that involves briefly immersing food in boiling water or steam and then cooling it quickly. One of the main purposes of blanching is to destroy enzymes present in the food. Enzymes are natural substances that can cause undesirable changes in the texture, color, and flavor of food over time. By destroying these enzymes through blanching, the food can be preserved and maintain its quality for a longer period.

FSSAI stands for Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. This agency is responsible for regulating and supervising the safety and standards of food products in India. They ensure that food products meet the necessary quality standards and are safe for consumption.

Appertization is the correct answer because it refers to the process of preserving food by sealing it in airtight containers and heating it to a high temperature. This method was developed by Nicolas Appert in the early 19th century and is considered an early form of canning. The term "appertization" is often used interchangeably with canning, making it a suitable alternative name for the process.

HACCP stands for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point. This system is used in the food industry to identify and control potential hazards that could pose a risk to food safety. It involves identifying and assessing potential hazards, establishing critical control points to prevent or eliminate those hazards, and implementing monitoring procedures to ensure that the control measures are effective. The goal is to prevent, reduce, or eliminate hazards throughout the food production process, from raw material acquisition to consumption, to ensure the safety of the final product.

Acetyl coenzyme is the correct answer because it is the compound that enters the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle from glycolysis. Acetyl coenzyme is formed when pyruvic acid, which is the end product of glycolysis, is converted into acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) through a series of reactions. Acetyl CoA then enters the TCA cycle, where it undergoes a series of reactions to produce energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, acetyl coenzyme is the compound that connects glycolysis to the TCA cycle.

Promotion is the correct answer because it is the fourth element in the marketing mix. The marketing mix consists of four key components: product, price, place, and promotion. Promotion refers to the activities a company undertakes to communicate and promote its products or services to the target market. This includes advertising, sales promotions, public relations, and personal selling. By effectively promoting their products, companies can increase awareness, generate interest, and ultimately drive sales.

The correct answer is "Idea generation" because a structured and efficient New Product Development (NPD) process begins with generating new ideas for potential products or services. This involves brainstorming, market research, and identifying customer needs and preferences. Once a pool of ideas is generated, the next steps in the NPD process, such as product development, product testing, and eventually launching the product, can be undertaken. However, without a solid foundation of innovative and viable ideas, the NPD process may not yield successful outcomes.

Centrifugal pumps used in food industries typically utilize a two-vane impeller. This impeller design is commonly chosen for its ability to handle viscous fluids and solids without clogging. The two vanes create a balanced flow, ensuring efficient pumping while minimizing turbulence and shear forces that could potentially damage or alter the food product. Additionally, the two-vane impeller design allows for easy cleaning and maintenance, making it a practical choice for the food industry.

The pattern on the paper in chromatography is called a chromatogram. This is because chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures, and the pattern that forms on the paper is a visual representation of the components of the mixture being separated. The chromatogram allows scientists to identify and quantify the different substances present in the mixture based on their positions and characteristics on the paper.

To find the answer, we need to calculate the amount of sugar in the 15 kg of 20% solution. The solution contains 20% sugar, so the amount of sugar in the solution is 15 kg * 20% = 3 kg.

To obtain a solution with a concentration of 10% sugar, we need to dilute the 3 kg of sugar in water. Since the concentration of sugar is decreasing by half (20% to 10%), we need to double the amount of solution.

Therefore, we need 2 * 15 kg = 30 kg of solution to obtain a 10% sugar solution. However, since we are asked for the amount of solution containing 10% sugar that can be obtained by diluting the 15 kg of 20% solution, the maximum amount of solution we can obtain is 15 kg.

Hence, the correct answer is 20 kg.

In a water tube boiler, water flows through the tube and hot air surrounds it. This design allows for efficient heat transfer from the hot air to the water, resulting in the generation of steam. The water inside the tube absorbs the heat from the hot air, causing it to boil and convert into steam. The steam is then collected and used for various applications.

In distillation, mass transfer takes place in both directions. This means that during the process, there is a transfer of mass (components) between the liquid and vapor phases. This is essential for separating different components in a mixture based on their boiling points. The higher boiling point components tend to condense and move back into the liquid phase, while the lower boiling point components vaporize and move into the vapor phase. Therefore, mass transfer is crucial for the success of distillation as it enables the separation of different components in the mixture.

The statement "Impingers are not suitable in air sampling because in this method specific quantity of air is difficult to be sampled" is correct because impingers are not designed to accurately measure a specific quantity of air. Impingers are more commonly used for collecting liquid samples, such as for measuring particulate matter in a liquid medium. In air sampling, other methods like filter-based sampling or sorbent tube sampling are preferred for accurately measuring a specific quantity of air.

A manometer is a device used to measure the pressure of a fluid. It is commonly used in dynamic conditions of fluid, where the pressure is changing or fluctuating. In such situations, a manometer can provide real-time pressure readings and help monitor the flow of fluid. In static conditions, where the fluid is not moving, a manometer may not be necessary as the pressure remains constant. Therefore, the correct answer is dynamic condition of fluid.

The question asks for the option that is not a barrier to entrepreneurship. Among the given options, "Technical knowledge" is the correct answer because having technical knowledge is actually beneficial for entrepreneurs as it enables them to understand and navigate the technical aspects of their business. On the other hand, "Lack of technical skills," "Political instability," and "Time pressure and distractions" can all act as barriers to entrepreneurship by hindering the smooth operation and growth of a business.