Oral Pathology Midterm

Enamel Hypoplasia is the correct answer because it specifically refers to an enamel formation defect that can affect single or multiple teeth and may impact all or part of the crown. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, and Fluorosis are incorrect as they are different conditions that do not fully match the description provided.

Enamel hypoplasia is a condition that affects the development of tooth enamel, resulting in thin or missing enamel on the teeth. The correct causes listed are known to be associated with enamel hypoplasia, while the incorrect answers do not have a direct correlation with this condition.

Enamel hypoplasia is the correct answer as it is a condition that affects the development of enamel, leading to the described clinical features. Dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease do not present with the specific features mentioned in the question.

Enamel hypoplasia is characterized by thin radiolucent bands and an irregular pitted appearance on radiographs. Dental caries is the decay of teeth caused by bacteria. Dental fluorosis is a cosmetic condition caused by overexposure to fluoride during tooth development. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a genetic condition that affects enamel formation.

Enamel deformity involving developing permanent teeth, known as Turner Hypoplasia, is most commonly seen in mandibular premolars and maxillary incisors. This condition can affect the shape and structure of the affected teeth.

Turner Hypoplasia is a dental condition that can occur due to various factors, including inflammatory lesions at the apices of overlying deciduous teeth, affecting mainly mandibular premolars, and trauma to the deciduous tooth. The other incorrect answers do not specifically match the characteristics described in the question.

Fluorosis is a dental condition caused by overexposure to fluoride during the early years of life. It leads to discoloration and mottling of teeth. The incorrect answers do not accurately describe the condition shown in the picture.

Fluorosis is caused by overexposure to fluoride during the early years of life when teeth are developing. It results in the formation of permanent hypomaturation enamel with increased surface porosity, altering the maturation phase of enamel formation. Fluoride levels above 1ppm can cause this condition, which provides caries resistance despite its adverse effects on the appearance of teeth. Dental caries is tooth decay caused by bacteria, gingivitis is inflammation of the gums, and tooth abrasion is the wearing away of tooth structure from external mechanical factors.

Treponema pallidum infection in utero can lead to specific dental abnormalities such as Max central incisors and permanent 1st molars being affected, which are characteristic signs of Congenital Syphilis.

Hutchinson incisors and Mulberry Molars are specific dental features associated with Congenital Syphilis, a condition caused by the transmission of syphilis from mother to baby during pregnancy.

Hypodontia refers to the condition of missing one or more teeth, while Hyperdontia is the presence of supernumerary teeth. Anodontia is the complete absence of teeth, and Dysdontia is a general term for any developmental abnormality related to teeth.

The correct term for the failure of development of 6 or more teeth is Oligodontia. Anodontia refers to the complete absence of teeth, Hypodontia refers to the lack of development of one to five teeth, and Hyperdontia refers to the presence of extra teeth.

Anodontia is a condition characterized by the absence of all teeth. Hypodontia refers to the developmental absence of one or more teeth, oligodontia is the absence of six or more teeth, and hyperdontia is the presence of extra teeth.

Hypodontia is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of one or more teeth. Hyperdontia is the opposite, where there are extra teeth present. Malocclusion refers to misalignment of teeth. Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums.

Hereditary hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a genetic condition that affects the development of ectodermal tissues, resulting in various abnormalities. Marfan syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Down syndrome are distinct genetic conditions with different characteristic features.

Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. While individuals with Down syndrome may experience hypodontia (missing teeth), it is not the defining syndrome associated with Trisomy 21. Cleft lip/palate, Down syndrome, and clubfoot are all conditions that may be present in individuals with Trisomy 21.

The described oral findings are commonly associated with Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, due to structural and developmental abnormalities. Celiac disease, Sjogren's syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome do not typically present with this specific combination of oral symptoms.

Hyperdontia is a condition characterized by an increased number of teeth, usually caused by excessive dental lamina. Hypodontia is the opposite condition with missing teeth. Mesiodens refers to a supernumerary tooth in the upper central incisor region. Supernumerary teeth are extra teeth that can develop in addition to the normal number of teeth in the mouth.

Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth that is most commonly found in the anterior maxilla and closely resembles an incisor. Caninus, Mandibular premolar, and Maxillary molar are common types of teeth but do not match the description of a mesiodens.

The correct answer 'A distodens' is a play on words combining 'disto-' which means fourth with 'dents' which refers to teeth. The incorrect answers are humorous alternatives that are not actual terms used in dentistry.

Natal teeth are extra teeth that appear in the mouth shortly after birth. They are not to be confused with primary teeth, deciduous teeth, or permanent teeth which have different developmental stages.

Gardner syndrome is a genetic disorder that is associated with the development of multiple dental abnormalities, including the presence of extra teeth (hyperdontia). This condition is not characterized by the absence of teeth (hypodontia) or the absence of all teeth (anodontia). Supernumerary teeth, or hyperdontia, is the most commonly seen dental abnormality in individuals with Gardner syndrome.

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare skeletal disorder characterized by the abnormalities listed in the question. Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Osteogenesis imperfecta do not typically present with the specific combination of clinical findings mentioned.

Dens in Dente, also known as dens invaginatus, commonly affects the Maxillary Lateral Incisors due to developmental malformations during tooth formation.

Dens in Dente, also known as dens invaginatus, is a developmental anomaly resulting from an infolding of the dental enamel organ into the dental papilla during tooth formation. It typically appears as a 'tooth within a tooth' on radiographs.

Ectopic enamel refers to the presence of enamel on the root surface of a tooth, which is an abnormal and often problematic condition. Dental plaque, cementum, and dentin are all components of the tooth structure but do not specifically refer to enamel on the root.

The image likely shows an enamel pearl, which is a small round nodule of enamel found on a tooth. Cavity, tooth decay, and gingivitis are common dental issues but not the anomaly depicted in the image.

Taurodontism is a condition where the body and pulp chamber of a tooth are enlarged, typically seen in multirooted teeth like permanent molars. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, Pulpitis, and Gemination are different dental conditions that do not specifically involve the enlargement of the body and pulp chamber in multirooted teeth.

Taurodontism is a condition where the pulp chamber is elongated and wide, while roots and root canals are very short. Dens in dente is a developmental anomaly in which the enamel organ invaginates into the dental papilla, Accessory roots refer to extra roots in a tooth, and Enamel hypoplasia is a defect in the enamel of the teeth.