Cambridge Legal Studies Preliminary Hsc

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1. What is law?

A mathematical equation used to solve complex problems.

A type of flower found in gardens and floral arrangements.

A set of rules imposed on all members of a community which are officially recognized binding and enforceable by persons or organisations such as the police and/or courts.

A type of food commonly eaten for breakfast.

Law refers to a system of rules and regulations that are officially recognized and enforced within a community to maintain order and regulate behavior.

Explanation

Law refers to a system of rules and regulations that are officially recognized and enforced within a community to maintain order and regulate behavior.

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About This Quiz

Explore foundational legal concepts and their application in real-world scenarios. This Cambridge Legal Studies Preliminary HSC quiz prepares students for higher education and legal professions, focusing on critical... see morethinking and understanding of the legal system. see less

2. What do values refer to?

Morals

Facts

Principles, standards, or qualities, considered worthwhile or desirable within a society.

Beliefs

Values are different from beliefs, morals, and facts. While beliefs are personal convictions, morals are principles of right and wrong behavior, and facts are objective truths, values are the principles, standards, or qualities that are considered important in a society.

Explanation

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3. What are rules?

Guidelines

Regulations or principles governing procedure or controlling conduct

Suggestions

Laws

Rules are specific regulations or principles that govern procedures or control conduct. While laws are legally binding rules, suggestions are not mandatory and guidelines may be more flexible than rules.

Explanation

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4. What are customs?

Laws enforced by the government.

Scientific facts and theories.

Collective habits or traditions that have developed in a society over a long period of time.

Personal preferences of individuals.

Customs are not enforced by the government like laws, they are not individual preferences, and they are not scientific facts.

Explanation

Customs are not enforced by the government like laws, they are not individual preferences, and they are not scientific facts.

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5. What is Customary Law?

Principles and procedures that have developed according to the customs of a people or nation or group of nations; and are treated as obligatory.

Laws created by lawyers and legal scholars

Rules and regulations imposed by a dictator

A set of laws passed by a governing body

Customary law is based on customs and traditions, rather than legislative statutes or regulations.

Explanation

Customary law is based on customs and traditions, rather than legislative statutes or regulations.

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6. What is a Nation-State?

A politically independent country

A group of people with shared cultural or ethnic identity.

An international organization formed by multiple countries.

A territory governed by a foreign power.

A nation-state refers to an independent country with defined borders and a government that has ultimate authority over its own affairs. It is distinct from a group of people with shared identity, an international organization, or a territory controlled by a foreign power.

Explanation

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7. What is ethics?

1) Rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the members of a profession; 2) A major branch of philosophy which investigates the nature of values and of right and wrong conduct.

1) The study of the earth's physical structure and substance.

3) The art of creating visual representations of ideas and concepts.

2) The science of matter and energy and their interactions.

Ethics specifically refer to rules or standards governing conduct and is a branch of philosophy focused on values and moral conduct.

Explanation

Ethics specifically refer to rules or standards governing conduct and is a branch of philosophy focused on values and moral conduct.

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8. What is the Legal System?

A system of economic regulations.

A system of laws governing a country.

The system of courts, prosecutors and police in a country.

A system of medical ethics.

The legal system, defined as the system of courts, prosecutors, and police in a country, plays a crucial role in upholding justice and maintaining order within a society. It is distinct from a system of laws, medical ethics, or economic regulations.

Explanation

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9. What is equality?

The state or equality of being equal, that is, of having the same rights or status

Having more rights than others.

Being inferior to others.

Being superior to others.

Equality refers to the state of being equal in terms of rights or status, not having more, being superior, or being inferior to others.

Explanation

Equality refers to the state of being equal in terms of rights or status, not having more, being superior, or being inferior to others.

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10. What is the concept of fairness defined as?

The presence of partiality, deceit, or mistreatment in a situation.

Free from bias, dishonesty, or injustice; a concept commonly related to everyday activities.

The act of giving special treatment to certain individuals based on personal preferences.

A term used to describe situations where one party always benefits more than others.

Fairness refers to the absence of bias, dishonesty, or injustice in any given situation. It is a fundamental concept in various aspects of life, ensuring equality and equitable treatment for all individuals involved.

Explanation

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11. What does 'Doli Incapax' mean?

Presumption of Innocence; the idea that a child under 10 years of age is always innocent in legal cases.

Guilty of Crime; the legal responsibility that a child under 10 years of age can be held accountable for criminal actions.

Minor Offender; the term used for a child under 10 years of age who commits a crime but cannot be punished by law.

'Incapable of Wrong; the presumption that a child under 10 years of age cannot be held legally responsible for his or her actions and cannot be guilty of a criminal or civil offence.

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12. What is access?

The ability to destroy something easily.

The process of hiding something from view.

The right or opportunity to make use of something

The act of blocking someone from using something.

Access refers to the right or opportunity to utilize something, not the act of blocking, hiding, or destroying it.

Explanation

Access refers to the right or opportunity to utilize something, not the act of blocking, hiding, or destroying it.

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13. What is Procedural Fairness/Natural Justice?

The idea that court decisions should be based solely on the financial status of the individuals involved

The belief that justice should be based on personal emotions rather than evidence

The body of principles used to ensure that fairness and justice of the decision-making procedure of courts; in Australia it generally refers to the right to present your case, the right to freedom from bias by decision-makers, and the right to a decision based on logically relevant evidence.

A set of rules for conducting formal debates

Procedural fairness/Natural Justice ensures that decision-making processes are fair, unbiased, and based on relevant evidence, not emotions or financial status.

Explanation

Procedural fairness/Natural Justice ensures that decision-making processes are fair, unbiased, and based on relevant evidence, not emotions or financial status.

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14. What is the principle of Rule of Law?

The principle that only certain individuals are bound by the law.

The principle that laws can be bent or manipulated depending on the situation.

The principle that no one is above the law; the most important application of the rule of law is that governmental authority is exercised in accordance with written, publicly disclosed laws that are adopted and enforced in accordance with established procedural steps (due process).

The principle that laws are subjective and can change based on personal beliefs or opinions.

The rule of law is a foundational principle that ensures equality before the law and fairness in the legal process.

Explanation

The rule of law is a foundational principle that ensures equality before the law and fairness in the legal process.

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15. What does the term 'sanction' refer to?

A reward given for good behavior or achievement.

A penalty imposed on those who break the law, usually in the form of a fine or punishment.

An official permission or approval for an action.

A type of seasoning used in cooking.

A sanction is typically a penalty or punishment imposed for violating a law or rule, not a reward, permission, or seasoning.

Explanation

A sanction is typically a penalty or punishment imposed for violating a law or rule, not a reward, permission, or seasoning.

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16. What is anarchy?

A type of democracy with direct citizen participation in decision-making processes.

A system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual.

A form of government where a small group of people hold power over the majority.

The absence of laws and government. A state of lawlessness.

Anarchy refers to the absence of a formal system of government or laws, leading to a state of lawlessness where individuals freely cooperate and organize without a central authority. It is distinct from forms of government like autocracy, direct democracy, and oligarchy.

Explanation

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17. What is tyranny?

A form of democracy where power is divided equally among all citizens.

A system of government where power is held by a group of wealthy individuals.

A political system characterized by extreme censorship and control over individual freedoms.

Rule by a single leader holding absolute power in a nation-state.

Tyranny refers to a situation where one leader has complete and absolute power over a nation-state, often resulting in oppression and lack of individual freedoms.

Explanation

Tyranny refers to a situation where one leader has complete and absolute power over a nation-state, often resulting in oppression and lack of individual freedoms.

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