Cell Biology: Structure, Function, and Technological Impacts

Advances in technology have played a crucial role in furthering our understanding of cells and confirming Cell Theories. The invention of the EM (Electron Microscope) specifically revolutionized cell biology by allowing scientists to observe cellular structures at a level of detail previously unattainable.

Unicellular organisms, despite being single-celled, are capable of carrying out various functions of life beyond nutrition and growth. They exhibit metabolism, response, reproduction, and can maintain homeostasis.

The SI units for organelles typically involve measurements in micrometres (?m) and nanometers (nm) due to their small size. Decimetre (dm), Gigametre (Gm), and Petametre (Pm) are not commonly used for measuring organelles in biological contexts.

The correct formula to calculate magnification using the scale bar is Magnified Size (with ruler) = Real Size (Scale) x Magnification. It is important to correctly understand and apply the formula to obtain accurate results in microscopy.

The surface area to volume ratio is important in limiting cell size as cells need to exchange materials with their environment, not necessarily to maintain a constant shape, increase internal volume, or resist external forces.

Multicellular organisms exhibit emergent properties because the interactions between their component cells give rise to new characteristics that cannot be predicted from looking at the individual cells alone.

Stem cells are commonly used in bone marrow transplants for treating various conditions as they have the ability to differentiate into different types of cells in the body.

The correct answer asks the student to create a diagram of the ultrastructure of Escherichia Coli and compare it to the image provided. Option A is incorrect because it focuses on eukaryotic cells instead of prokaryotic cells. Option B is incorrect because it asks for information on plant cell organelles, which is not relevant to the question. Option C is incorrect because it asks for a comparison of two specific organelles typically found in eukaryotic cells, not prokaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission where DNA replication occurs followed by the separation of DNA strands and division into two new cells.

The correct answers provided explain the functions of the named structures in a liver cell. The three incorrect answers are functions of other organelles found in cells, but not specifically in a liver cell. Centriole is involved in cell movement and division, Vacuole is responsible for storing water in plants, and Chloroplast is responsible for photosynthesis.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells have several key differences that distinguish them from each other. These differences range from the presence or absence of certain organelles to the structure of their genetic material and ribosomes. It is important to understand these variations to correctly identify and differentiate between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.

Plant cells have unique features like cell walls, chloroplasts, and central vacuoles that are not present in animal cells. Incorrect answers provided are common organelles found in both plant and animal cells.

Extracellular components play crucial roles in maintaining the structure, support, adhesion, and movement of cells, as well as regulating processes like water uptake in plants. The incorrect answers provided do not accurately describe the roles of extracellular components.

The correct answer includes all key components of the membrane structure, namely, phospholipid bilayer, cholesterol, glycoproteins, and integral and peripheral proteins. Omitting any of these components would result in an inaccurate representation of the membrane structure.

Cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the smallest units of life, and that cells can only come from pre-existing cells. The incorrect answers provided go against these fundamental principles of cell theory.