Epidemiology Review II

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1. Explain the population risk difference

Is designed to test preventive measures

These are a form of intervention studies, two types are randomized controlled trials and quasiexperiments

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2. What are randomized control trials

Evaluates new treatment methods

Are an experiment in which subjects in a population are randomly allocated into groups, usually called study and control groups.

Involves the administration of a test regimen to humans to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

3. Define Clinical trials

Involves the administration of a test regimen to humans to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Is designed to test preventive measures

Evaluates new treatment methods

4. Explain experimental studies

These are a form of intervention studies, two types are randomized controlled trials and quasiexperiments

Is designed to test preventive measures

5. What is internal validity

Was the conclusion true? It is the extent to which you can believe your results

This is the generalizing of the study to the population

It is the third variable that relates to the exposure and the outcome

6. What are quasi-experimental designs

When sensitivity tests correctly identify all potential cases as either negative or positive

Where the investigator manipulates the study factor but does not assign individual subjects randomly to the exposed and non-exposed groups.

7. Define Therapeutic trials

Is designed to test preventive measures

Evaluates new treatment methods

Involves the administration of a test regimen to humans to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

8. Define Prophylactic trials

Evaluates new treatment methods

Involves the administration of a test regimen to humans to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Is designed to test preventive measures

9. What is the gold standard for research designs

Where the investigator manipulates the study factor but does not assign individual subjects randomly to the exposed and non-exposed groups.

When sensitivity tests correctly identify all potential cases as either negative or positive

10. What is external validity

This is the generalizing of the study to the population

Was the conclusion true? It is the extent to which you can believe your results

It is the third variable that relates to the exposure and the outcome

11. Why is the gold standard considered the best

It helps to generalize the study to the population

The standard will help to conclude that the results were true

When sensitivity tests correctly identify all potential cases as either negative or positive