DNA, RNA, And Protein Synthesis Test A
Welcome to the 21st Century electronic biology classroom. Using flashcards "DNA, RNA, & protein synthesis" found on Mitchell's Cosmic Adventure science web site. You will need to interpret important research leading to the current knowledge of molecular genetics. Analyze the process of DNA replication, transcription, and translation. The test will allow unlimited number of attempts inorder to help you with learning and test-taking skills. GOOD LUCK and I wish you earn high marks!
- 1.Each organism has a unique combination of characteristics encoded in molecules of_____.
- A.
Protein
- B.
Carbohydrate
- C.
Lipids
- D.
DNA
- E.
Enzymes
- F.
RNA
- 2.What is the primary function of DNA?
- A.
Compose carbohydrates
- B.
Compose lipids
- C.
Control chemical processes within cells
- D.
Store and transmit genetic data
- E.
Prevent mutations
- 3.Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains of_____.
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
Fatty acids
- C.
Monosaccharides
- D.
Nucleotides
- E.
Lipids
- 4.Which of the following are not part of a molecule of DNA? (Please give notice of multiple answers.)
- A.
Deoxyribose
- B.
Nitrogenous bases
- C.
Phosphate
- D.
Ribose
- E.
MRNA
- F.
Uracil
- 5.The part of the molecule for which deoxyribonucleic acid is named is the_____.
- A.
Phosphate group
- B.
Sugar
- C.
Hydrogen bond number
- D.
Nitrogenous base
- E.
Frederick Griffith's experiment
- 6.
![Refer to the illustration below. The entire molecule shown in the image is called a(n)_____.
- ProProfs]( "Refer to the illustration below. The entire molecule shown in the image is called a(n)_____.")
Refer to the illustration below. The entire molecule shown in the image is called a(n)_____.- A.
Amino acid
- B.
Nucleotide
- C.
Polysaccharide
- D.
Pryimidine
- E.
Purine
- 7.Which scientists are credited with establishing the structure of DNA molecule?
- A.
Avery and Chargaff
- B.
Hershey and Chase
- C.
Mendel and Griffith
- D.
Watson and Crick
- E.
Crick and Chase
- 8.
![X-ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that DNA and RNA are the same molecule.
- ProProfs]( "X-ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that DNA and RNA are the same molecule.")
X-ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that DNA and RNA are the same molecule.- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.
![X-Ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that_____.
- ProProfs]( "X-Ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that_____.")
X-Ray diffraction photographs by Franklin and Wilkins suggested that_____.- A.
DNA and RNA are the same molecule
- B.
DNA is composed of either purines or pyrimidines, not both
- C.
DNa molecules are arranged as a tightly coiled helix
- D.
DNA and proteins have the same basic structure
- 10.Crick and Watson built models that demonstrated....
- A.
DNA and RNA have the same structure
- B.
DNA is composed of 2 chains in a single helix
- C.
RNA is composed of 2 chains in a double helix
- D.
DNA is composed of 2 chains in a double helix
- E.
Thymine forms hydrogen bond to cytosine
- 11.Chargaff's rules, the base-pairing in DNA... (Please note this is a multiple answer question.)
- A.
Amount of adenine equals amount of cytosine
- B.
Amount of guanine equals amount of cytosine
- C.
Amount of thymine equals amount of adenine
- D.
Amount of phosphate equals amount of uracil
- 12.The base-pairing rules state that the following are base pairs in DNA:
- A.
Adenine - thymine; uracil - cytosine
- B.
Adenine - thymine; guanine - cytosine
- C.
Guanine - adenine; adenine - thymine
- D.
Adenine - uracil; guanine - cytosine
- 13.During DNA replication, a complementary strand of DNa is made for each original DNA strand. If a portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the new strand will be_____.
- A.
TTGCATC
- B.
AAGTATC
- C.
CCTAGCT
- D.
GGATCGA
- E.
AGCTAGG
- 14.What enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the exposed DNA template bases?
- A.
Replicases
- B.
DNA polymerases
- C.
RNA polymerases
- D.
Helicases
- E.
Nucleotidases
- 15.
![What is the function of tRNA?
- ProProfs]( "What is the function of tRNA?")
What is the function of tRNA?- A.
Synthesize DNA
- B.
Synthesize RNA
- C.
Form ribosomes
- D.
Transfer amino acids to ribosomes
- E.
Transfer amino acids to nucleus
- 16.Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?
- A.
MRNA
- B.
TRNA
- C.
RRNA
- D.
MDNA
- E.
RDNA
- 17.During translation, a ribosome binds to____.
- A.
DNA
- B.
MRNA
- C.
TRNA
- D.
Protein chain
- E.
RRNA
- 18.Identify the incorrect type of RNA from list the below.
- A.
Carrier RNA
- B.
Transfer RNA
- C.
Ribosomal RNA
- D.
Messenger RNA
- E.
Nuclear RNA
- 19.In order for protein synthesis to occur, mRNA must migrate to the_____. (Please enter your answer using all lower case letters.)
- 20.
![Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is transferred to a(n)_____.
- ProProfs]( "Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is transferred to a(n)_____.")
Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is transferred to a(n)_____.- A.
RNA molecule
- B.
DNA molecule
- C.
Transposon
- D.
Triple Codon
- E.
Lac operon
- 21.Hershey and Chase concluded that _____ is the hereditary material in viruses. (Please enter your answers in upper case letters.)
- 22.Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey set out to test whether DNA or protein was the hereditary material viruses transfer when it enters bacterium. Which one of the following aided their discovery to label DNA?
- A.
Radioactive sulfur
- B.
Radioactive calcium
- C.
Radioactive phosophorus
- D.
Radioactive carbon
- 23.Instead of the base thymine found in DNA, RNA has a base called a(n)_____. (Please use lower case letters for your answer.)
- 24.What is the name of the five-carbon sugar that makes up a part of the backbone of DNA molecules_____? (Please use all lower case letters in your answer.)
- 25._____ _____ is the first codon of an mRNA transcript translated by a ribosome.
- A.
Avery Codon
- B.
Chase Codon
- C.
Start Codon
- D.
Hershey Codon
- E.
Franklin Codon
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