1.
Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of a patient experiencing a diabetic emergency?
Correct Answer
B. Pale, clammy skin
Explanation
Reason: Signs and symptoms of a diabetic emergency include pale, clammy skin, rapid pulse, normal or rapid respirations, and normal or slightly low blood pressure.
2.
Altered mental status that often accompanies diabetic emergencies is often mistaken for:
Correct Answer
B. Alcohol intoxication.
Explanation
Reason: The behavior of some diabetic patients with altered mental status has often been mistaken for alcohol or drug intoxication.
3.
Diabetes is considered a disease of balance because the patient must try to balance:
Correct Answer
D. The need for glucose with the available insulin supply.
Explanation
Reason: Diabetes is a disease of balance because the patient must balance the need for glucose with his or her available insulin supply.
4.
Which of the following conditions can occur if an unconscious patient is given oral glucose?
Correct Answer
B. Aspiration
Explanation
Reason: When oral glucose is properly given, placing it between the cheek and gum of a conscious patient who is able to swallow and protect the airway, there are no side effects. However, if given to a patient who in unconscious or unable to swallow, aspiration can occur.
5.
Diabetes is caused by the body's lack of adequate amounts of:
Correct Answer
B. Insulin.
Explanation
Reason: Diabetes is caused by lack of adequate amounts of insulin.
6.
The form of diabetes that develops as a person ages is called:
Correct Answer
B. Type II diabetes.
Explanation
Reason: The form of diabetes that develops as a person ages is called type II diabetes.
7.
Which of the following will probably NOT cause a diabetic emergency in a patient with a history of diabetes controlled by medication?
Correct Answer
A. Eating a regularly scheduled meal
Explanation
Reason: Changes in the level of consciousness in a patient who has diabetes, but who controls it with medication, can occur from unusual exercise, fatigue, overeating without increasing the insulin dose, infection, illness, or alcohol.
8.
Oral glucose should be placed:
Correct Answer
C. Between the cheek and gum of a conscious patient.
Explanation
Reason: Oral glucose should be placed between the cheek and the gum of a patient who can swallow. It should not be given to an unconscious patient.
9.
The term "polyuria" can be defined as frequent:
Correct Answer
C. Large-volume urination
Explanation
Reason: Polyuria is frequent, large volume urination, a classic symptom of diabetes.
10.
What waste products are formed when fat is used for energy?
Correct Answer
D. Ketones and fatty acids
Explanation
Ketones and fatty acids are formed as waste products when fat is used for energy
11.
When do you draw blood for the hospital? Before you adminster D50 or after?
Correct Answer
A. Before
Explanation
Drawing blood for the hospital is done before administering D50. This is because drawing blood is typically done to collect samples for various tests and analysis, such as checking blood glucose levels. Administering D50, on the other hand, involves giving a concentrated solution of dextrose to quickly raise blood sugar levels in emergency situations, such as hypoglycemia. Therefore, drawing blood is a necessary step to gather information about the patient's current blood status before deciding whether D50 administration is needed.
12.
Per Protocol, At what Blood Glucose Level can we adminster D50
Correct Answer
B. Less than 60
Explanation
D50, also known as dextrose 50%, is a solution used to treat low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). It contains 50% dextrose, a type of sugar that quickly raises blood glucose levels. The correct answer is "Less than 60" because D50 should be administered when blood glucose levels are below this threshold. This ensures that the patient's blood sugar is promptly increased to a safe level.
13.
At what Blood Glucose Level for Pediatric Patients?
Correct Answer
B. Less than 40 if clinically indicated
Explanation
Pediatric patients should have a blood glucose level of less than 40 if clinically indicated. This means that if there are specific clinical indications or reasons, such as symptoms or conditions, that suggest a need for it, the blood glucose level should be below 40. This is likely because a blood glucose level below 40 in pediatric patients may indicate hypoglycemia, which can be a serious medical condition requiring immediate attention and treatment.
14.
Dextrose should be diluted 1:1 with normal saline (to create D25W) for patient 8 years and younger
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Dextrose should be diluted 1:1 with normal saline for patients 8 years and younger to create D25W. This is because younger patients have a higher risk of developing hyperglycemia if dextrose is administered undiluted. Diluting dextrose with normal saline helps to prevent this complication and ensures a safer administration of the medication.
15.
What is the dose for an adult?
Correct Answer
B. 25 gm
Explanation
The correct answer is 25 gm. This suggests that the recommended dose for an adult is 25 gm.