Community Health Nursing Practice Test I

Newborn screening is the correct answer because it is a simple procedure used to detect congenital metabolic disorders in newborns. These disorders, if left undetected and untreated, can lead to mental retardation or even death. By conducting newborn screening, healthcare professionals can identify these disorders early on and provide the necessary interventions and treatments to prevent any long-term complications. This procedure is crucial in ensuring the health and well-being of newborns and is typically done shortly after birth.

Unang Yakap is essential for maternal health because it refers to the immediate care given to a newborn and the mother right after childbirth. This includes skin-to-skin contact, early initiation of breastfeeding, and ensuring the overall well-being of both the mother and the newborn. It is crucial for promoting bonding, preventing postpartum hemorrhage, and providing the necessary support and care for the mother during this critical period.

Barangay Health Stations belong to the primary level of health care services. Primary health care refers to the first point of contact for individuals seeking healthcare services. It focuses on preventive care, health promotion, and basic treatment for common illnesses and injuries. Barangay Health Stations are community-based health facilities that provide essential primary health care services to the residents of a specific barangay or community. They are usually staffed by trained health workers who offer basic medical consultations, immunizations, maternal and child health services, and health education programs.

Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and eyes that occurs when there is a buildup of bilirubin in the body. In the case of hepatitis B, the virus attacks the liver, causing inflammation and damage to the liver cells. This can lead to a decrease in the liver's ability to process bilirubin, resulting in its accumulation in the body and the development of jaundice. Therefore, jaundice is a common sign/symptom of hepatitis B.

Responsible parenthood refers to the will, ability, and commitment of parents to adequately respond to the needs of their children. It involves making informed decisions about family planning, providing a safe and nurturing environment, ensuring the physical and emotional well-being of children, and actively participating in their upbringing. Responsible parenthood encompasses various aspects of parenting, including providing for the child's basic needs, promoting their education and development, and instilling values and discipline. It emphasizes the importance of being accountable and taking responsibility for the welfare and future of one's children.

Dengue is not a lifestyle-related disease because it is primarily caused by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Lifestyle-related diseases are typically associated with unhealthy habits and behaviors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. In contrast, dengue is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes and is not directly influenced by lifestyle choices.

Geographic coding does not belong to the group because it is not a health service package provided in health care facilities. While the other options, such as antenatal registration, micronutrient supplementation, and tetanus toxoid immunization, are all specific health services that are commonly offered in health care facilities. Geographic coding, on the other hand, refers to the process of assigning codes to geographic areas for various purposes, such as data analysis or mapping, and is not directly related to providing health care services.

The given question is asking for a relationship similar to the one between "Traditional" and "urban" and "PHC" and "rural". The relationship between traditional and urban implies that traditional is typically associated with rural areas, while urban is associated with cities. Similarly, the relationship between PHC and rural suggests that PHC is typically provided in rural areas. Therefore, the correct answer is "Development and preventive health care" because it implies that development and preventive health care are typically associated with absence of disease, just as traditional is associated with urban areas and PHC is associated with rural areas.

After receiving TT5, a mother is protected for a lifetime. This means that the immunity provided by the TT5 vaccine lasts indefinitely, offering long-term protection against tetanus. The other options, such as 2 decades, 5 years, and 10 years, indicate shorter durations of protection, which are not applicable in this case.

The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers is the correct answer because it is a law that specifically addresses the promotion and improvement of the social and economic well-being of health workers. It aims to enhance their living and working conditions and terms of employment, as well as develop their skills and capabilities. The other options mentioned are either unrelated or do not specifically focus on the rights and welfare of health workers.

A decoction is a method of extracting the active ingredients from tough parts of a herbal plant by boiling them for a longer period of time. This process allows for the release of the medicinal properties present in the plant material. Decoctions are commonly used to extract the therapeutic compounds from roots, barks, and seeds, which may be too tough or hard to extract using other methods such as infusion or tincture.

Fever is not considered a danger sign for a child because it is a common symptom that can occur due to various reasons such as infections. While it is important to monitor and manage a child's fever, it is not necessarily an immediate danger sign that requires urgent medical attention. On the other hand, convulsions, vomiting everything, and difficulty awakening are all potential danger signs indicating a more serious underlying condition that may require immediate medical intervention.

Liquids, gases, and solids contaminated with radionuclides that have genotoxic effects are classified as radioactive wastes. These wastes pose a risk to human health due to their ionizing radiations, which can cause damage to genetic material and potentially lead to cancer or other health issues. Proper management and disposal of radioactive wastes are essential to protect both human health and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.

The four rights of Food Safety are Source, Preparation, and Cooking. Serving is not considered one of the rights because it is not directly related to the safety of the food. While serving food properly is important for presentation and customer satisfaction, it does not necessarily impact the safety of the food itself. The other three rights focus on ensuring that the food comes from a safe source, is prepared and handled correctly, and is cooked thoroughly to kill any harmful bacteria.

Kwashiorkor is a form of severe malnutrition that occurs primarily in children. It is caused by a deficiency of protein in the diet. Protein is essential for the growth and maintenance of body tissues, and its deficiency can lead to symptoms such as stunted growth, swelling, and changes in skin and hair. Iron deficiency, vitamin deficiency, and calorie deficiency can also contribute to malnutrition, but they are not the primary cause of kwashiorkor.

Akapulko is an anti-fungal herbal plant. It contains compounds such as chrysophanic acid and saponins that have been found to exhibit antifungal properties. These compounds help in inhibiting the growth of fungi and preventing fungal infections. Akapulko is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat various fungal infections such as ringworm, athlete's foot, and fungal skin infections. Its antifungal properties make it an effective natural remedy for these conditions.

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended until 6 months because breast milk provides all the necessary nutrients and antibodies that a baby needs for the first six months of life. Introducing solid foods before six months can increase the risk of allergies and digestive problems. After six months, breast milk alone may not be enough to meet the nutritional needs of the baby, and complementary foods should be introduced while continuing to breastfeed.

If the mother needs a Caesarean Section and blood transfusion, it indicates that she requires a higher level of care during delivery. CEmONC (Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care) facilities are equipped to provide the necessary interventions and emergency procedures for complicated deliveries. These facilities have the resources and expertise to perform Caesarean Sections and provide blood transfusions, ensuring the safety and well-being of both the mother and the baby. BEmONC (Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care) facilities may not have the capabilities to handle such complex cases. Home delivery is not recommended in this situation as it may pose significant risks to the mother and the baby.

Ulasimang-bato is the correct answer because it is known to have medicinal properties that can help lower uric acid levels in the body. It has been used traditionally as a natural remedy for various ailments, including gout, which is caused by high levels of uric acid. Ulasimang-bato contains compounds that have anti-inflammatory and diuretic effects, which can help reduce uric acid buildup and promote its excretion from the body. Therefore, individuals with high levels of uric acid can benefit from using Ulasimang-bato as a herbal plant.

The correct answer is "Weight for age". Weight for age is an indicator used to assess the nutritional status of a child by comparing their weight to the average weight of children of the same age. If a child's weight is significantly below the average weight for their age, it indicates acute malnutrition. This indicator helps identify children who are at risk of undernutrition and allows for early intervention to prevent further deterioration of their health.

Polio was eliminated in the Philippines in the year 2000. This means that there have been no reported cases of polio in the country since that year. The elimination of polio is a significant achievement for public health as it demonstrates successful vaccination campaigns and efforts to control the spread of the disease. It is important to continue monitoring and immunizing against polio to prevent any potential resurgence.

Kock's Phenomenon refers to an acute inflammatory reaction that occurs within 2-4 days of receiving the BCG vaccine. This reaction is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain at the site of vaccination. It is a normal immune response to the vaccine and is not considered a complication or adverse event. The reaction typically resolves on its own without any treatment and does not affect the effectiveness of the vaccine in providing protection against tuberculosis.

Combatting HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases is one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) established by the United Nations. The MDGs were a set of eight goals aimed at addressing various global issues, including poverty, education, gender equality, and health. The goal of combatting HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases specifically focused on reducing the spread of these diseases, improving access to treatment and prevention methods, and ultimately improving global health outcomes. This goal was considered crucial in improving the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals and communities worldwide.

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3. This is because the goals of the FOURmula One for Health include better health outcomes, equitable health care financing, and a more responsive health system. These goals aim to improve overall health and ensure that healthcare is accessible and affordable for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status. The fourth goal, burden from infectious diseases, is not included in the correct answer.

The use of a breast pump is not one of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. The Ten Steps were developed by the World Health Organization and UNICEF to promote and support breastfeeding. The steps include practices such as helping mothers initiate breastfeeding within half an hour of birth, practicing rooming-in (keeping the baby in the same room as the mother), and avoiding the use of artificial teats or pacifiers. While a breast pump can be a useful tool for some mothers, it is not a recommended step in the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.

The ratio of nurses to the population is 1:20000. This means that for every 20,000 people in the population, there is 1 nurse.

Complications occurring during labor, childbirth, and postpartum have the highest number of cases among the four causes of maternal mortality. This is because labor, childbirth, and the immediate postpartum period are critical phases where various complications can arise, such as severe bleeding, infection, hypertensive disorders, and obstructed labor. These complications can be life-threatening if not managed promptly and effectively, leading to maternal death. Postpartum hemorrhage, hemorrhage in early pregnancy, and pregnancy with abortive outcome are also significant causes of maternal mortality but have comparatively lower numbers of cases.

Target setting involves the process of determining the specific goals and objectives for immunization services. It requires calculating the eligible population, which refers to the individuals who are eligible to receive the immunization. By setting targets, healthcare providers can ensure that they are reaching the necessary number of individuals and working towards achieving optimal immunization coverage. This helps in planning and organizing immunization programs effectively and efficiently.

Primary Health Care always strives to obtain OLOF, which stands for "Overall Level of Functioning." This refers to the goal of improving the overall health and well-being of individuals and communities by addressing their physical, mental, and social needs. By focusing on OLOF, Primary Health Care aims to provide comprehensive and holistic care that promotes optimal functioning and quality of life for all individuals.

The basic screening tool for TB infection among children using purified protein derivative is the Tuberculin Skin Test. This test involves injecting a small amount of purified protein derivative into the skin, usually on the forearm, and then observing the reaction after 48-72 hours. A positive reaction indicates that the child has been infected with TB bacteria at some point in their life. This test is commonly used in screening programs to identify individuals who may have latent TB infection and require further evaluation or treatment.

Ideally, a CEmONC-capable facility is less than 2 hours from the residence of priority populations or the referring facility. This means that the facility should be easily accessible within a short amount of time in order to provide emergency obstetric and newborn care. This ensures that pregnant women and newborns in need of specialized care can receive it promptly, reducing the risk of complications and improving health outcomes.

Devolution refers to the transfer of power and authority from the National Government to local government units. In this context, it specifically involves the delegation of responsibilities related to the provision and delivery of healthcare services. This means that the local government units are given the power to perform specific functions and tasks in the healthcare sector, such as managing healthcare facilities, implementing health programs, and ensuring the delivery of quality healthcare services to the local population. Devolution allows for a more decentralized approach to healthcare management, enabling local governments to address the specific healthcare needs of their communities.

Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition that is characterized by a deficiency in calories and carbohydrates. It is commonly seen in infants and young children who do not receive enough nutrients from their diet. This condition leads to extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, and stunted growth. The lack of calories and carbohydrates in the body results in a severe energy deficit, causing the body to break down its own tissues for energy. Therefore, Marasmus is the most suitable explanation for the given symptoms.

The given answer states that Statement 2 is true. Statement 2 states that the PHC is designed to promote people's health. This implies that the PHC, which stands for Primary Health Care, is intended to focus on preventive and promotive health services for individuals and communities. Therefore, the answer is valid as it correctly identifies the true statement.

Extra Pulmonary TB refers to tuberculosis that affects organs other than the lungs. While Pulmonary TB primarily affects the lungs, Extra Pulmonary TB can affect organs such as the lymph nodes, bones, joints, kidneys, and the central nervous system. This form of TB occurs when the bacteria spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Extra Pulmonary TB can present with various symptoms depending on the affected organ and requires specific diagnostic and treatment approaches.

On stream clearing refers to the process of cutting the vegetation that hangs over the stream banks. This practice is done to expose the breeding stream to sunlight. By removing the overhanging vegetation, more sunlight can reach the stream, which is beneficial for the growth of aquatic plants and the overall health of the stream ecosystem. This can help improve water quality, provide habitat for aquatic organisms, and prevent the stream from becoming stagnant.

Oral Polio and Measles vaccines are most sensitive to heat. Heat can cause the degradation of the active ingredients in these vaccines, rendering them less effective or completely ineffective. This is why these vaccines require strict temperature control during storage and transportation to maintain their potency.

Acceptability is the criteria in determining the use of appropriate technology that focuses on understanding and attuning with cultural practices. This means that the technology should be acceptable and compatible with the cultural beliefs, values, and practices of the community where it will be implemented. It should respect and align with their traditions, customs, and social norms to ensure that the technology is embraced and effectively utilized by the community.

The Child Health Program is the correct answer because it specifically targets children aged 0-9 years old, with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality. The other programs listed, such as Infant and Young Child Feeding, Polio Eradication Project, and Program on Immunization, may also contribute to child health, but they do not specifically focus on the 0-9 age group.

The correct answer is Hepatitis B vaccine. This vaccine is least sensitive to heat compared to the other options listed. Heat sensitivity is an important factor to consider for vaccines as it affects their stability and efficacy. Hepatitis B vaccine has been specifically designed to withstand higher temperatures, making it more suitable for use in areas with limited access to refrigeration or in situations where cold chain storage may be compromised.

The causative agent of the disease Diphtheria is Klebs- Loeffler bacillus. This bacterium, also known as Corynebacterium diphtheriae, is responsible for causing the respiratory infection known as diphtheria. It produces a toxin that can cause severe damage to the respiratory system, leading to symptoms such as a sore throat, difficulty breathing, and a characteristic grayish-white membrane in the throat. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics and antitoxin are essential to prevent complications and spread of the disease.

The correct answer is "All for Health towards Health for All." This banner encapsulates the main goal of the Duterte Health Agenda, which is to prioritize the health and well-being of all individuals in the country. It emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to healthcare, ensuring that everyone has access to quality healthcare services and promoting the overall health of the population.

The occurrence of convulsions after being administered with the DPT vaccine suggests that the cause might be Pertussis. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is one of the components of the DPT vaccine. It is a highly contagious respiratory infection that can cause severe coughing fits and even convulsions in some cases. Therefore, it is likely that the administration of the DPT vaccine triggered a reaction in Norman's body, leading to convulsions as a result of the Pertussis component of the vaccine.

The correct answer is 1,3,6,7. This is because SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), Rabies, Anthrax, and Acute Flaccid Paralysis are all Category I reportable communicable diseases. These diseases are considered highly contagious and pose a significant public health risk. Acute Hemorrhagic Fever Syndrome, Dengue, Leptospirosis, and Acute Bloody Diarrhea are not Category I diseases, so they are not included in the correct answer.

The given question asks for something that is not a composition of Inter Local Health Zone. The Inter Local Health Zone is a concept that involves various components such as people, boundaries, and health workers. However, health regulation is not mentioned as one of the compositions of the Inter Local Health Zone. Therefore, health regulation is the correct answer as it is not a part of the Inter Local Health Zone.

Botika ng Barangay is a community-based program in the Philippines that provides affordable and accessible medicines to the residents. It is managed and operated by various stakeholders, including Barangay Health Workers (BHWs), pharmacists, and community organizations. However, the Public Health Nurse is not directly involved in the management and operation of Botika ng Barangay. Their role primarily focuses on providing healthcare services and promoting public health in the community.

The given answer suggests that the expansion of NHIP enrollment and benefit delivery is done in order to protect the poor from the financial impacts of healthcare use. This means that by improving the benefit delivery ratio of the NHIP, the aim is to provide financial risk protection to individuals who may otherwise face financial difficulties when accessing healthcare services. This expansion also contributes to the attainment of the health-related MDG, improves access to quality hospitals and healthcare facilities, and ultimately works towards achieving universal health care.

The correct answer is "Use of appropriate technology". This concept refers to the utilization of technology that is suitable and relevant to the specific context and needs of a community or population. In the field of Community Health Nursing (CHN), the use of appropriate technology is essential in providing effective and efficient healthcare services. It involves the selection, adaptation, and implementation of technologies that are accessible, affordable, and culturally appropriate, ensuring that they meet the unique requirements of the community being served. This enables healthcare providers to deliver high-quality care that is tailored to the specific needs and resources of the community.

The immediate level is the correct answer because it refers to the first professional contact in healthcare. This level includes various healthcare professionals such as Village Health Workers and Health Personnel of First-line Hospitals who are the initial point of contact for individuals seeking healthcare services. These professionals play a crucial role in providing primary care and addressing immediate healthcare needs.

Health regulation is the correct answer because it focuses on ensuring the quality and affordability of health products, devices, facilities, and services. Health regulations set standards and guidelines for the manufacturing, distribution, and use of health products and services, ensuring that they meet quality and safety standards. By regulating the health sector, governments can protect the interests of the poor and vulnerable populations, ensuring that they have access to affordable and high-quality health care. Health regulation is an essential component of achieving universal health coverage and promoting equitable access to health services.