Colon And Rectum: Appendicitis

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Colon And Rectum: Appendicitis - Quiz

Appendix, colon and rectum


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    What is the blind sac that is in the RLQ below the ileocecal valve?
    • A. 

      Cecum

    • B. 

      Appendix

    • C. 

      Transverse colon

    • D. 

      Ascending colon

  • 2. 
    The __________ extends from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal and is composed of insensitive columnar epithelium.
    • A. 

      Anal Canal

    • B. 

      Rectum

    • C. 

      Colon

    • D. 

      Large bowel

  • 3. 
    The _____________  is 3-4 cm long, starts at the dentate line, is supported by the internal and external anal sphincters, and composed of sensitive squamous epithelium.
    • A. 

      Rectum

    • B. 

      Anal Canal

    • C. 

      Colon

    • D. 

      Anal sphincter canal

  • 4. 
    What 3 major branches of the aorta supply blood to the intestines?
    • A. 

      Celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery

    • B. 

      Celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and right and left gastric artery

    • C. 

      Superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, and internal and external iliac arteries

    • D. 

      Common iliac artery, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric arteries

  • 5. 
    What 3 arteries supply the anorectum? (click all that apply)
    • A. 

      Superior rectal artery

    • B. 

      Middle rectal artery

    • C. 

      Inferior rectal artery

    • D. 

      Inferior mesenteric artery and its branches

    • E. 

      Superior mesenteric artery and its branches

  • 6. 
    The celiac artery supplies blood to which part of the GI tract?
    • A. 

      Duodenum

    • B. 

      Jejunum

    • C. 

      Small intestine and proximal colon

    • D. 

      Mid-transverse colon to rectum

    • E. 

      Cecum

  • 7. 
    The superior mesenteric artery supplies blood to which part of the GI tract?
    • A. 

      Small intestine (other than duodenum) and proximal colon

    • B. 

      Mid-transverse colon to rectum

    • C. 

      Duodenum

    • D. 

      Cecum

    • E. 

      Rectum only

  • 8. 
    The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to which part of the GI tract?
    • A. 

      Mid-transverse colon to rectum

    • B. 

      Colon and anal canal

    • C. 

      Descending colon and rectum

    • D. 

      Colon and rectum

    • E. 

      Colon, cecum, and rectum

  • 9. 
    The superior rectal artery supplies blood to which part of the GI tract?
    • A. 

      The rectum

    • B. 

      The upper and middle rectum

    • C. 

      Lower rectum

    • D. 

      Anal sphincters and rectum

    • E. 

      Anal sphincters only

  • 10. 
    The middle rectal artery supplies blood to which part of the rectum?
    • A. 

      The lower rectum

    • B. 

      The middle rectum

    • C. 

      The anal sphincters

    • D. 

      Upper and middle rectum

  • 11. 
    The inferior rectal artery supplies blood to which part of the rectum?
    • A. 

      The internal and external anal sphincters

    • B. 

      The lower rectum

    • C. 

      The uppper, middle, and lower rectum

    • D. 

      The external sphincter only

    • E. 

      The internal sphincter only

  • 12. 
    What vein carries venous blood from the intestines to the liver?
    • A. 

      Portal vein

    • B. 

      Iliac veins

    • C. 

      Middle colic vein

    • D. 

      Inferior mesenteric vein

    • E. 

      Superior mesenteric vein

  • 13. 
    What part of the colon propels retrograde waves of contraction to allow the cecum to retain liquid feces and act as a 'fermenting vat'?
    • A. 

      Mid-transverse colon

    • B. 

      Entire transverse colon

    • C. 

      Ascending colon

    • D. 

      Descending colon

    • E. 

      Ileum

  • 14. 
    What stimulates the contraction of propulsive waves that move stool distally from the cecum?
    • A. 

      Distention of the colonic wall

    • B. 

      Distention of the small intestinal wall

    • C. 

      The fermenting vat located in the cecum

    • D. 

      Distention of the cecum wall

  • 15. 
    During the rectoanal inhibitory reflex, the internal sphincter ________  allowing the contents into the anal canal, then the external sphincter ____________ and contents are pushed back into the rectum. This occurs up to 7 times daily.
    • A. 

      Relaxes, relaxes

    • B. 

      Contracts, contracts

    • C. 

      Relaxes, contracts

    • D. 

      Contracts, relaxes

  • 16. 
    What type of tissue is the appendix made up of?
    • A. 

      Lymphatic

    • B. 

      Connective

    • C. 

      Fibrinous

    • D. 

      Intestinal mucosa

  • 17. 
    What is the primary cause of appendicitis?
    • A. 

      Obstruction of the lumen between the cecum and appendix

    • B. 

      Inflammation due to an immune response

    • C. 

      Constipation

    • D. 

      Overuse of antibiotics

  • 18. 
    What best explains what happens to the appendix when it is obstructed?
    • A. 

      The inflamed tissue becomes infected and dies from lack of blood supply and eventually bursts

    • B. 

      The inflamed tissue dies from lack of blood supply causing the appendix to burst

    • C. 

      The obstruction causes pressure to build up and eventually causes the appendix to burst

    • D. 

      The obstruction hardens the appendix eventually causing it to burst

  • 19. 
    What are some possible causes of an obstructed appendix?
    • A. 

      Inflammatory bowel disease, infection, fecal stasis, calcium salts or undigested fiber- fecaliths, parasites, fb, and neoplasms

    • B. 

      Infection, fecal stasis, calcium salts or undigested fiber-fecaliths, parasites, FB, and neoplasms, diarrhea

    • C. 

      Fecal stasis, fecaliths, FB, gastric ulcer, infection, calcium salts or undigested fiber- fecaliths, parasites,and neoplasms

    • D. 

      Suppositories, FB, neoplams, undigested fiber and calcium salts, calcium salts or undigested fiber-fecaliths, infection, fecal stasis, parasites

  • 20. 
    A patient presents with periumbilical pain that moves to the RLQ over 24 hrs. the pain is exacerbated by walking, coughing, or a car ride. The patient presents with nausea, vomiting, and a low grade fever of less than 38C or 100.4. What is the suspected diagnosis?
    • A. 

      Acute appendicitis

    • B. 

      Ovarian cyst

    • C. 

      Volvulus

    • D. 

      Acute pancreatitis

    • E. 

      Acute cholecystitis

  • 21. 
    While examining a patient with suspected appendicitis, you would expect to find pain (with or without) gaurding, (with or without) rebound tenderness, pain (with or without) passive flexion of R hip, pain (with or without) passive flexion of L hip, and a postitive or negative obturator sign?
    • A. 

      Pain: with gaurding, with rebound tenderness, with passive flexion of R hip, without passive flexion of L hip, and a positive obturator sign

    • B. 

      Pain: without gaurding, with rebound tenderness, with passive flexion of R hip, without passive flexion of L hip, and a postivie obturator sign

    • C. 

      Pain: without gaurding, with rebound tenderness, with passive flexion of R hip, with passive flexion of L hip, and a positive obturator sign

    • D. 

      Pain: with gaurding, with rebound tenderness, with passive flexion of R hip, with passive flexion of L hip, and a positive obturator sign

  • 22. 
    Name 4 (positive) findings on a physical exam of someone has acute appendicitis
  • 23. 
    What are diagnostic features of acute appendicitis? click all that apply
    • A. 

      Low grade fever less than 100.4F/38C

    • B. 

      Moderate leukocytosis (10,000-20,000)

    • C. 

      Ultrasound

    • D. 

      CT (with contrast depending on body habitus)

    • E. 

      CT (helpful if perforation is suspected to diagnose periappendiceal abscess)

  • 24. 
    During defecation, movement of feces into the rectum initiates (click all that apply)
    • A. 

      Rectoanal inhibitory reflex

    • B. 

      Voluntary relaxation of the pelvic floor and external sphincter mechanism

    • C. 

      Voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure

    • D. 

      Voluntary contraction of external sphincter

  • 25. 
    What percentage of people have appendicitis in their lifetime?
    • A. 

      10%

    • B. 

      20%

    • C. 

      30%

    • D. 

      50%

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