Clic Cosmetology: Anatomy And Physiology (Part 4)
An understanding of anatomy and physiology, including the medical terms you will probably never use, will help you become more proficient at performing professional salon services. You'll get a understanding of histology. This covers cells, tissues, organs, body systems, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the nervous system, the circulatory system, the endocrine system, the digestive system, the excretory system, the respiratory system and the integumentary system.
- 1.An exceptionally well-organized system that is responsible for coordinating all the many activities that are performed both inside and outside of the body.
- A.
Nervous system
- B.
Circulatory system
- C.
Endocrine system
- D.
Excretory system
- E.
Integumentary system
- 2.The science of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system.
- A.
Osteology
- B.
Histology
- C.
Trichology
- D.
Neurology
- E.
Myology
- 3.The principal components of the nervous system are the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves themselves. The nervous system as a whole is divided into three main subdivisions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.Consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves. It controls consciousness and all mental activities, voluntary functions of the five senses (seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting), and voluntary muscle actions including all body movements and facial expressions.
- A.
Peripheral nervous system
- B.
Central nervous system
- C.
Autonomic nervous system
- 5.A system of nerves that connect the peripheral (outer) parts of the body to the central nervous system; it has both sensory and motor nerves. Its function is to carry impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system.
- A.
Peripheral nervous system
- B.
Central nervous system
- C.
Autonomic nervous system
- 6.The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles; it regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart.
- A.
Autonomic nervous system
- B.
Central nervous system
- C.
Peripheral nervous system
- 7.(Two words) The portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain, extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk, and is protected by the spinal column. Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves extending from the spinal cord are distributed to the muscles and skin of the trunk and limbs.
- 8.The largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body. The _____ is contained in the cranium and weighs an average of 44 to 48 ounces. It controls sensation, muscles, glandular activity, and the power to think and feel. It sends and receives telegraphic messages through 12 pairs of cranial nerves that originate in the _____ and reach various parts of the head, face, and neck.
- 9.The primary structural unit of the nervous system.
- A.
Dendrites
- B.
Axon
- C.
Nerves
- D.
Reflex
- E.
Neuron
- 10.Nerves are whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue, through which impulses are transmitted.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 11.Carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain, where sensations of touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain and pressure are experienced.
- A.
Sensory nerves
- B.
Motor nerves
- C.
Mixed nerves
- 12.Carry impulses from the brain to the muscles. The transmitted impulses produce movement.
- A.
Sensory nerves
- B.
Mixed nerves
- C.
Motor nerves
- 13.______ nerves contain both sensory and motor fibers and have the ability to send and receive messages.
- 14.A ________ is an automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the afferent nerve to the spinal cord, and a responsive impulse along an efferent neuron to a muscle, causing a reaction (for example, the quick removal of the hand from a hot object).
- 15.The largest of the cranial nerves is the ____ cranial nerve, also known as the trifacial or trigeminal nerve. It is the chief sensory nerve of the face, and serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing.
- A.
Fifth cranial nerve
- B.
Seventh cranial nerve
- 16.What are the branches of the fifth cranial nerve that are affected by massage?
- A.
Auriculotemporal nerve, infraorbital nerve, infratrochelear nerve, mental nerve, nasal nerve, supraorbital nerve, supratrochelear nerve, zygomatic nerve
- B.
Posterior auricular nerve, temporal nerve, zygomatic nerve, buccal nerve, mandibular nerve, cervical nerves
- 17.The _________ is the chief motor nerve of the face. It emerges near the lower part of the ear and extends to the muscles of the neck. Its divisions and their branches supply and control all the muscles of facial expression.
- A.
Fifth cranial nerve
- B.
Seventh cranial nerve
- 18.What are the most important branches of the facial nerve?
- A.
Posterior auricular nerve, temporal nerve, zygomatic nerve, buccal nerve, mandibular nerve, cervical nerves
- B.
Auriculotemporal nerve, infraorbital nerve, infratrochelear nerve, mental nerve, nasal nerve, supraorbital nerve, supratrochelear nerve, zygomatic nerve
- 19.Cervical nerves originate at the spinal cord, and their branches supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck....
- A.
Greater occipital nerve, smaller occipital nerve, greater auricular nerve, cervical cutaneous nerve
- B.
Digital nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve
- 20.The principal nerves supplying the superficial parts of the arm and hand are....
- A.
Greater occipital nerve, smaller occipital nerve, greater auricular nerve, cervical cutaneous nerve
- B.
Digital nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve
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