Anatomy & Physiology Level III 333 Mock Paper Practice Test
-
A benefit of core stability training is:
-
Improved balance
-
Increased risk of joint laxity
-
Increased cardiac output
-
Reduced bone density
-
This Anatomy & Physiology Level III 333 Mock Paper Practice Test assesses key physiological functions and anatomical knowledge, focusing on the spinal cord, blood vessels, sensory organs, muscles, and vascular system. It is designed to enhance understanding and application in medical or health-related fields.
(68).jpg "Anatomy & Physiology Level III 333 Mock Paper Practice Test - Quiz")
Quiz Preview
- 2.
For clients with mild hypertension, what type of training can lead to a long-term reduction in resting blood pressure?
-
Cardiovascular
-
Motor skills
-
Flexibility
-
Muscular strength
Correct Answer
A. CardiovascularExplanation
Cardiovascular training can lead to a long-term reduction in resting blood pressure for clients with mild hypertension. This type of training involves activities that increase the heart rate and promote cardiovascular health, such as running, swimming, or cycling. Regular cardiovascular exercise improves the efficiency of the heart and blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure levels even at rest. This is because the heart becomes stronger and more efficient at pumping blood, reducing the pressure on the arteries. Therefore, cardiovascular training is recommended for individuals with mild hypertension to help manage and reduce their blood pressure levels.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Which excerise is not used to improve core stability?
-
Bicep curls
-
Prone flying abdominals/plank
-
Supine lying abdominals
-
Four-point balances.
Correct Answer
A. Bicep curlsExplanation
Bicep curls are not used to improve core stability because they primarily target the bicep muscles in the upper arms, rather than engaging the core muscles. Core stability exercises typically involve movements that engage the muscles in the abdomen, back, and pelvis to improve strength and stability in the core region. Bicep curls, on the other hand, focus on isolating and strengthening the bicep muscles. Therefore, they are not directly related to improving core stability.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Which of the following is an example of a ball and socket joint?
-
Shoulder
-
Wrist
-
Knee
-
Ankle
Correct Answer
A. ShoulderExplanation
The shoulder is an example of a ball and socket joint because it consists of a rounded head of one bone (the humerus) fitting into a cup-shaped socket of another bone (the scapula). This type of joint allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, including rotation, flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. The ball and socket joint in the shoulder provides stability and allows for the arm to move freely in various positions.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
What is arteriosclerosis?
-
A disease that causes hardening of the arteries
-
A disease that causes rupturing of the arteries
-
A disease that causes softening of the arteries
-
A disease that causes leaking of the arteries
Correct Answer
A. A disease that causes hardening of the arteriesExplanation
Arteriosclerosis is a disease that causes hardening of the arteries. This condition occurs when the walls of the arteries become thick and stiff, leading to a reduced blood flow to the organs and tissues. It is often caused by the buildup of plaque, consisting of cholesterol and other substances, on the arterial walls. This can result in various health issues, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
Which factor does NOT contribute to spinal abnormalities or poor posture
-
Thinking
-
Heredity
-
Lifestyle
-
Ageing
Correct Answer
A. ThinkingExplanation
Thinking does not contribute to spinal abnormalities or poor posture. This is because spinal abnormalities and poor posture are primarily caused by factors such as heredity, lifestyle, and aging. Thinking, on the other hand, does not directly impact the physical alignment of the spine or posture. While stress and mental health can indirectly affect posture, they are not the primary factors contributing to spinal abnormalities.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
When performing a Plank which muscles are being worked?
-
• Rectus abdominus • Transversus abdominus • Erector spinae
-
• Soleus • Tibialis Posterior • Flexor Digitorum Longus
-
• Adductor Magnus • Adductor Longus • Adductor Brevis • Pectineus
-
• Gluteus Maximus • Iliopsoas • Gastrocnemius
Correct Answer
A. • Rectus abdominus • Transversus abdominus • Erector spinaeExplanation
When performing a Plank, the muscles that are being worked are the rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, and erector spinae. These muscles are all located in the core and back area of the body. The rectus abdominis is responsible for flexing the spine and maintaining proper posture, while the transversus abdominis helps stabilize the spine and maintain balance. The erector spinae muscles are located along the spine and are responsible for extending and rotating the spine. By engaging these muscles during a Plank, you can strengthen your core and improve overall stability and posture.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Plaque deposits on the walls of blood vessels may be decreased by:
-
An improved active lifestyle
-
Genetic factors
-
Reducing consumption of red meat
-
Smoking
Correct Answer
A. An improved active lifestyleExplanation
An improved active lifestyle can decrease plaque deposits on the walls of blood vessels because regular physical activity helps to improve blood circulation and maintain healthy blood vessels. When we exercise, our heart pumps more blood, which helps to remove plaque buildup and prevent the formation of new plaques. Additionally, exercise can also help to lower cholesterol levels and maintain a healthy weight, which are both important factors in reducing plaque formation. Therefore, adopting an active lifestyle can have a positive impact on cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of plaque-related conditions such as atherosclerosis.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which of the following is a health risk associated with hypertension?
-
Coronary heart disease
-
Reduced bone density
-
Osteoarthritis
-
Type 1 diabetes
Correct Answer
A. Coronary heart diseaseExplanation
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is too high. This can lead to various health risks, including coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease occurs when the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients become narrow or blocked, leading to chest pain, heart attacks, and other complications. Hypertension is a major risk factor for developing coronary heart disease as it puts extra strain on the heart and increases the chances of damage to the blood vessels.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
What term means: ‘maintaining balance or returning a system to functioning within its normal range’?
-
Homeostasis
-
Glycolysis
-
Hypertension
-
Metabolism
Correct Answer
A. HomeostasisExplanation
Homeostasis refers to the process of maintaining balance or returning a system to functioning within its normal range. It is a vital mechanism in living organisms that allows them to regulate their internal environment and keep it stable despite external changes. This process involves various physiological and biochemical mechanisms that work together to monitor and adjust different variables such as temperature, pH, and hormone levels. By maintaining homeostasis, organisms can ensure optimal functioning and survival. Glycolysis, hypertension, and metabolism are not directly related to the concept of maintaining balance or returning a system to its normal range.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Which one of these fascia is NOT part of a muscle fibre
-
Petrolmysium
-
Endomysium
-
Epimysium
-
Perimysium
Correct Answer
A. PetrolmysiumExplanation
The correct answer is "Petrolmysium" because it is not a term used in anatomy or muscle physiology. The other three options, Endomysium, Epimysium, and Perimysium, are all fascia that are part of a muscle fiber. Endomysium is the connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers, Epimysium is the connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle, and Perimysium is the connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
What is the function of Spinal cord?
-
To transmit information to the whole body
-
To transmit information to the heart
-
To supply hormones to the whole body
-
To help support the vertebral column
Correct Answer
A. To transmit information to the whole bodyExplanation
The spinal cord is responsible for transmitting information to the whole body. It serves as a pathway for sensory and motor signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It allows for the transmission of nerve impulses that control movement, sensation, and reflexes. The spinal cord plays a crucial role in coordinating and regulating various bodily functions, making it essential for overall body communication and function.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Complete the sentence? The anaerobic threshold is described as the point at which .......................................... than it can be cleared.
-
Lactate build-up occurs faster
-
Lactate build-up occurs slower
-
Heat build-up occurs faster
-
Heat build-up occurs slower
Correct Answer
A. Lactate build-up occurs fasterExplanation
The anaerobic threshold is described as the point at which lactate build-up occurs faster than it can be cleared. This means that during intense exercise, the body is producing lactate at a faster rate than it can be metabolized and removed from the muscles. This leads to an accumulation of lactate in the muscles, which can contribute to fatigue and a decrease in performance.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
What effect will long-term strength training have on type 2 muscle fibres? (
-
Hypertrophy
-
Atrophy
-
Hyperplasia
-
Articulation
Correct Answer
A. HypertrophyExplanation
Long-term strength training will lead to hypertrophy of type 2 muscle fibers. Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size and volume of muscle cells, resulting in stronger and larger muscles. Type 2 muscle fibers are responsible for generating force and power during high-intensity activities like weightlifting or sprinting. Through consistent and progressive strength training, these muscle fibers adapt and become stronger, leading to hypertrophy. This increase in muscle size is due to an increase in the number and size of myofibrils within the muscle fibers, allowing for greater force production and improved athletic performance.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
What structures within skeletal muscle tissue bring about contraction?
-
Actin and myosin filaments
-
Epimysium and perimysium
-
Tendon and fascia
-
Regular collagen fibres
Correct Answer
A. Actin and myosin filamentsExplanation
Actin and myosin filaments are the structures within skeletal muscle tissue that bring about contraction. Actin and myosin are the two main proteins involved in muscle contraction. When a muscle receives a signal from the nervous system, the actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, causing the muscle to contract. This sliding filament mechanism allows for the shortening of muscle fibers, resulting in muscle contraction and movement.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
Which statement best describes the endocrine system?
-
It is made up of glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate the body
-
It is made up of neurons that transmit information between different parts of the body
-
It is made up of bones which provide support and protection to major organs
-
It is made up of muscles which allow movement of different parts of the body
Correct Answer
A. It is made up of glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate the bodyExplanation
The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones act as chemical messengers, traveling through the bloodstream to target cells and organs, where they regulate various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. Unlike the nervous system, which uses neurons to transmit information, the endocrine system primarily relies on hormones to communicate and coordinate the activities of different parts of the body.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
What type of stretching has the lowest risk of injury?
-
Static
-
PNF
-
Ballistic
-
Dynamic
Correct Answer
A. StaticExplanation
Static stretching is the type of stretching that involves holding a stretch for an extended period without any bouncing or movement. This type of stretching is considered to have the lowest risk of injury because it allows the muscles and tendons to gradually lengthen and relax without sudden or forceful movements. Static stretching is commonly used for improving flexibility and is often recommended before and after exercise to warm up and cool down the muscles.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
Which sensory receptor detects changes in temperature?
-
Thermoreceptors
-
Chemoreceptors
-
Baroreceptors
-
Proprioceptors
Correct Answer
A. ThermoreceptorsExplanation
Thermoreceptors are sensory receptors that detect changes in temperature. They are specialized nerve endings that are sensitive to both hot and cold stimuli. When there is a change in temperature, these receptors send signals to the brain, allowing us to perceive and respond to the temperature change. This enables us to feel sensations such as heat or cold, helping us maintain homeostasis and adjust our behavior accordingly.Rate this question:
-
- 19.
What statement describes a short term effect of exercise?
-
A increase in systolic blood pressure related to exercise intensity
-
A decrease in stroke volume
-
A increase in systolic blood pressure unrealted to exercise intensity
-
A decrease in systoliic blood pressure
Correct Answer
A. A increase in systolic blood pressure related to exercise intensityExplanation
During exercise, the body requires more oxygen and nutrients to meet the increased demand of the muscles. To deliver these, the heart pumps more blood, resulting in an increase in systolic blood pressure. This increase is directly related to the intensity of the exercise, as the body needs to work harder to meet the demands. Therefore, the correct answer is "An increase in systolic blood pressure related to exercise intensity."Rate this question:
-
- 20.
Which of the following happen during a cardiovascular training session?
-
Stroke volume and cardiac output both increase
-
Stroke volume and cardiac output both decrease
-
Stroke volume increases and cardiac output decreases
-
Stroke volume decreases and cardiac output increases
Correct Answer
A. Stroke volume and cardiac output both increaseExplanation
During a cardiovascular training session, the heart is working harder to meet the increased demand for oxygenated blood. This leads to an increase in stroke volume, which is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat, and an increase in cardiac output, which is the total amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. This is because the heart becomes more efficient at pumping blood, allowing for greater amounts to be pumped with each beat, and more blood to be pumped overall.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
Which of the following can cause the valsalva effect?
-
Holding breath during exertion
-
Holding breath during relaxation
-
Long duration aerobic training
-
Exercising immediately after a meal
Correct Answer
A. Holding breath during exertionExplanation
Holding breath during exertion can cause the valsalva effect. This occurs when a person holds their breath while performing a strenuous activity, such as lifting heavy weights or pushing against a resistance. The valsalva effect happens when the person closes their airway, which increases intra-abdominal and intrathoracic pressure. This can lead to various physiological changes, including an increase in blood pressure and a decrease in heart rate. It is often used intentionally by athletes to stabilize their core and increase their strength during certain exercises.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
Which muscle does NOT belong to the muscles of the arm
-
Teres Major
-
Tricep Brachii
-
Brachialis
-
Brachioradialis
Correct Answer
A. Teres MajorExplanation
The Teres Major muscle does not belong to the muscles of the arm. It is actually a muscle of the back. The other three muscles listed (Tricep Brachii, Brachialis, and Brachioradialis) are all muscles that are located in the arm.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
Which gland can only produce thyroxine?
-
Thyroid
-
Hypothalamus
-
Parathyroid
-
Pancreas
Correct Answer
A. ThyroidExplanation
The thyroid gland is responsible for producing thyroxine, a hormone that regulates the body's metabolism. It plays a crucial role in controlling energy levels, body temperature, and growth. The hypothalamus, parathyroid, and pancreas do not produce thyroxine. The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, the parathyroid produces parathyroid hormone, and the pancreas produces insulin and other digestive enzymes. Therefore, the correct answer is the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
Digestive reproductive, respiratory, urinary tracts and blood vessels are made from what type of muscle?
-
Smooth muscle
-
Skeletal muscle
-
Cardiac muscle
-
Non-striated muscle
Correct Answer
A. Smooth muscleExplanation
Smooth muscle is the correct answer because it is the type of muscle that makes up the digestive, reproductive, respiratory, urinary tracts, and blood vessels. Smooth muscle is involuntary and non-striated, meaning it lacks the striped appearance seen in skeletal muscle. It is responsible for the involuntary movements and contractions of these organs and vessels, allowing them to function properly.Rate this question:
-
- 25.
What is the anterior groove in the wrist and palm called?
-
Carpal Tunnel
-
Meta Tunnel
-
Gliding Tunnel
-
Channel Tunnel
Correct Answer
A. Carpal TunnelExplanation
The correct answer is Carpal Tunnel. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway located on the anterior side of the wrist and palm. It is formed by the carpal bones and a ligament called the transverse carpal ligament. The carpal tunnel houses the median nerve and several tendons that control finger movement. When the median nerve becomes compressed or irritated within the carpal tunnel, it can lead to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers, a condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome.Rate this question:
-
- 26.
Which activity will predominantly recruit 'slow oxidative' motor units?
-
Walking
-
Jogging
-
Sprinting
-
Jumping
Correct Answer
A. WalkingExplanation
Walking predominantly recruits 'slow oxidative' motor units because it is a low-intensity, endurance-based activity that relies on the aerobic energy system. Slow oxidative motor units are responsible for sustained, low-force contractions and have a high resistance to fatigue. Walking involves a steady and continuous movement, which requires the recruitment of slow oxidative motor units to maintain a constant level of muscle activation over an extended period of time. In contrast, activities like jogging, sprinting, and jumping involve higher intensities and shorter durations, leading to the recruitment of fast-twitch motor units.Rate this question:
-
- 27.
Which muscle is NOT part of the lower leg
-
Biceps Femoris
-
Tibialis anterior
-
Gastrocnemius
-
Soleus
Correct Answer
A. Biceps FemorisExplanation
The biceps femoris is not part of the lower leg. It is actually a muscle located in the back of the thigh. The lower leg consists of muscles such as the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and soleus, which are responsible for movements and stability in the lower leg and foot.Rate this question:
-
- 28.
What is the role of a motor unit?
-
To contract a group of muscle fibres in response to a nerve impulse
-
To contract a single muscle in response to a nerve impulse
-
To relax a group of muscle fibres in response to a nerve impulse
-
To relax a single muscle fibre in response to a nerve impulse
Correct Answer
A. To contract a group of muscle fibres in response to a nerve impulseExplanation
A motor unit is responsible for contracting a group of muscle fibers in response to a nerve impulse. This means that when a nerve impulse is sent from the brain to the motor unit, it triggers the contraction of multiple muscle fibers within a specific muscle group. This coordinated contraction allows for precise and controlled movement of the muscles.Rate this question:
-
- 29.
Improved neuromuscular efficiency can lead to which of the following benefits?
-
Faster reaction times
-
Reduced risk of coronary heart disease
-
Increased bone density
-
Better cardiovascular fitness
Correct Answer
A. Faster reaction timesExplanation
Improved neuromuscular efficiency refers to the ability of the nervous system to effectively communicate and coordinate with the muscles. When neuromuscular efficiency is improved, the signals from the brain to the muscles are transmitted more efficiently, resulting in faster reaction times. This means that individuals with improved neuromuscular efficiency can respond quicker to stimuli, such as catching a ball or avoiding an obstacle. Therefore, faster reaction times are a direct benefit of improved neuromuscular efficiency.Rate this question:
-
- 30.
Which of the following best describes onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)?
-
The intensity at which lactate is being produced in the muscles faster than it can be cleared
-
The intensity at which lactic acid in the muscles reduces and the aerobic system starts to contribute energy.
-
The intensity at which the lactic acid system provides all of the energy being used.
-
The intensity at which lactate is first produced in the muscles.
Correct Answer
A. The intensity at which lactate is being produced in the muscles faster than it can be clearedExplanation
OBLA refers to the intensity at which lactate is being produced in the muscles faster than it can be cleared. This means that during intense exercise, the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate at which it can be removed from the muscles. This accumulation of lactate can lead to fatigue and a decrease in performance.Rate this question:
-
- 31.
What is the equation for cardiac output?
-
Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
-
Heart Rate x Tidal Volume
-
Stroke Volume x Residual Volume
-
Heart Rate x Tidal Volume
Correct Answer
A. Stroke Volume x Heart RateExplanation
The equation for cardiac output is calculated by multiplying the stroke volume (the volume of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat) by the heart rate (the number of times the heart beats per minute). This equation represents the amount of blood that is pumped by the heart per minute, which is known as cardiac output.Rate this question:
-
- 32.
Which exercise uses movement in the transverse plane?
-
Torso rotation
-
Knee extension
-
Side leg raise
-
Bicep curl
Correct Answer
A. Torso rotationExplanation
Torso rotation is the exercise that uses movement in the transverse plane. This exercise involves rotating the upper body from side to side, which engages the muscles in the core and promotes spinal mobility. The transverse plane is one of the three anatomical planes, and it divides the body into upper and lower sections. In this plane, movement occurs around a horizontal axis, such as twisting or rotating. Therefore, torso rotation is the correct answer as it involves movement in the transverse plane.Rate this question:
-
- 33.
Which of the following is a neuromuscular adaptation associated with training?
-
Better inter-muscular coordination during movement
-
Reduced frequency of nerve impulses to motor units
-
Increased need for conscious control of movement
-
Unsynchronised recruitment of motor units
Correct Answer
A. Better inter-muscular coordination during movementExplanation
Neuromuscular adaptation refers to changes that occur in the nervous system and muscles as a result of training. Better inter-muscular coordination during movement is a neuromuscular adaptation associated with training. This means that the communication and coordination between different muscles improve, leading to more efficient and coordinated movement patterns. This adaptation allows for better performance and reduced risk of injury during physical activities.Rate this question:
-
- 34.
Optimal systolic blood pressure is considered to be
-
90mmHg
-
120mmHg
-
140mmHg
-
160mmHg
Correct Answer
A. 120mmHgExplanation
The optimal systolic blood pressure is considered to be 120mmHg. This is because a systolic blood pressure reading of 120mmHg falls within the normal range for blood pressure. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and a reading of 120mmHg indicates that the pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries when the heart beats is within a healthy range. Higher or lower values may indicate hypertension or hypotension respectively, which can have negative health implications.Rate this question:
-
- 35.
Which joint at the knee allows movement of flexion and extension in the sagittal plane?
-
Hinge joint
-
Ball and socket
-
Gliding Joint
-
Pivot Joint
Correct Answer
A. Hinge jointExplanation
The hinge joint at the knee allows movement of flexion and extension in the sagittal plane. This type of joint is designed to allow movement in one direction, similar to the opening and closing of a door. In the case of the knee joint, flexion refers to bending the knee, while extension refers to straightening it. The hinge joint is responsible for these movements, allowing the leg to move back and forth in a single plane.Rate this question:
-
- 36.
Which statement about the ability to maintain a neutral spine is FALSE.
-
To promote DOMS after excerising.
-
Prevention of joint and ligament damage within the vertebral column
-
Performing weight-breaing excerises with biomechanical efficiency
-
The transmission of stressors through the pelvis, caused by impact.
Correct Answer
A. To promote DOMS after excerising.Explanation
The statement "To promote DOMS after exercising" is false because Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is not directly related to the ability to maintain a neutral spine. DOMS refers to muscle soreness and stiffness that occurs 24-48 hours after intense or unfamiliar exercise, and it is caused by microscopic damage to muscle fibers, not by the maintenance of a neutral spine. The other statements in the question are true and relate to the importance of maintaining a neutral spine for various reasons such as preventing joint and ligament damage, performing weight-bearing exercises efficiently, and minimizing the transmission of stressors through the pelvis.Rate this question:
-
- 37.
What structure does myosin form when interacting with Actin in the sliding filment theory?
-
Cross-bridge attachment
-
Rectangular attachment
-
Triangular attachment
-
Suspension-bridge attachment
Correct Answer
A. Cross-bridge attachmentExplanation
When myosin interacts with actin in the sliding filament theory, it forms a cross-bridge attachment. This refers to the binding of the myosin head to the actin filament, allowing for the sliding movement of the filaments during muscle contraction. The myosin head undergoes a conformational change, pulling the actin filament towards the center of the sarcomere. This cross-bridge attachment and subsequent detachment is a crucial step in the contraction and relaxation of muscle fibers.Rate this question:
-
- 38.
When performing a calf raise which are the two muscles are being used?
-
Gastrocnemius + Soleus
-
Gastrocnemius + Glutemus Maximus
-
Soleus + Tensor fascia latae
-
Gracilis + Pectineus
Correct Answer
A. Gastrocnemius + SoleusExplanation
During a calf raise, the two muscles being used are the Gastrocnemius and the Soleus. The Gastrocnemius is the larger muscle of the calf and it is responsible for the visible bulge in the back of the lower leg. It helps to flex the foot and assists in pushing off the ground during activities like walking and running. The Soleus is a smaller muscle located underneath the Gastrocnemius and it also helps in flexing the foot. Together, these two muscles work to raise the heel and provide strength and stability to the ankle joint.Rate this question:
-
- 39.
Which of the following developmental postural adaptations has the greatest impact upon normal breathing patterns?
-
Kyphosis
-
Flat back
-
Lordosis
-
Scoliosis
Correct Answer
A. KyphosisExplanation
Kyphosis is a postural adaptation characterized by an excessive outward curvature of the upper back. This condition can significantly impact normal breathing patterns because it restricts the expansion of the chest and limits the movement of the ribcage. The increased curvature of the upper back compresses the lungs and reduces their ability to fully expand during inhalation, leading to shallow breathing and decreased oxygen intake. Therefore, kyphosis has the greatest impact on normal breathing patterns compared to flat back, lordosis, and scoliosis.Rate this question:
-
- 40.
Which joint movement is responsible for turning the soles of your feet inwards and outwards
-
Inversion and eversion
-
Inversion and Opposition
-
Circumduction and eversion
-
Elevation and depression
Correct Answer
A. Inversion and eversionExplanation
Inversion and eversion are the correct joint movements responsible for turning the soles of your feet inwards and outwards. Inversion refers to the movement of the sole of the foot towards the midline of the body, while eversion refers to the movement of the sole away from the midline. These movements occur at the subtalar joint, which is located between the talus bone of the foot and the calcaneus bone of the ankle.Rate this question:
-
- 41.
What happens during someone who is under the Valsalva effect?
-
Blood pressure Increases
-
Blood pressure decreases
-
Heart rate decreases
-
Heart rate remains the same.
Correct Answer
A. Blood pressure IncreasesExplanation
During the Valsalva effect, a person holds their breath and attempts to exhale forcefully without actually releasing air. This action leads to increased pressure in the chest cavity, which in turn compresses the blood vessels and restricts blood flow back to the heart. As a result, the heart has to work harder to pump blood, leading to an increase in blood pressure.Rate this question:
-
- 42.
Arteriosclerosis can be defined as:
-
Diseases that cause hardening and loss of elasticity in arteries
-
Increased high density lipoprotein levels within the blood
-
Dilation of the aterial walls during aerobic activity
-
Depositing of lipids in the arterial walls
Correct Answer
A. Diseases that cause hardening and loss of elasticity in arteriesExplanation
Arteriosclerosis refers to a group of diseases that lead to the hardening and loss of elasticity in arteries. This condition occurs when the arterial walls become thick and stiff, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of various cardiovascular problems. It is typically caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances in the arterial walls, leading to the formation of plaques. Over time, these plaques can harden and narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow and potentially causing complications such as heart attacks or strokes.Rate this question:
-
- 43.
Where is the heart located?
-
Posterior to (behind) the sternum and just left of centre
-
Posterior to (behind) the sternum and just rightof centre
-
Anterior to (in front of) the sternum and just left of centre
-
Anterior to (in front of) the sternum and just right of centre
Correct Answer
A. Posterior to (behind) the sternum and just left of centreExplanation
The heart is located posterior to (behind) the sternum, which is the bone in the center of the chest. It is also positioned just left of center, indicating that it is slightly more towards the left side of the body. This is the correct answer because it accurately describes the anatomical location of the heart.Rate this question:
-
- 44.
What is Hyperplasia?
-
The splitting of individual fibres (cells) to make more fibres (cells)
-
The splitting of individual tendons to make more tendons
-
The splitting of individual arteries to make more arteries
-
The splitting of individual veins to make more veins
Correct Answer
A. The splitting of individual fibres (cells) to make more fibres (cells)Explanation
Hyperplasia refers to the process of cell division, where individual fibres (cells) split to produce more fibres (cells). This is a natural mechanism for tissue growth and repair in the body. It allows for the expansion and regeneration of tissues, such as during wound healing or muscle growth. Hyperplasia can occur in various organs and tissues, including the skin, glands, and blood vessels. It is an essential process for maintaining the body's homeostasis and adapting to changes in the environment or physiological demands.Rate this question:
-
- 45.
What does abduction movement achieve anatomically?
-
Moves a limb or body part away from the midline
-
Moves a limb or body part towards the midline
-
Moves a joint towards from the midline
-
Moves any part of the body towards the midline
Correct Answer
A. Moves a limb or body part away from the midlineExplanation
Abduction movement achieves the anatomical action of moving a limb or body part away from the midline. This means that the limb or body part is being moved laterally or outwards, away from the center of the body. This movement is commonly seen in actions such as spreading the arms or legs apart from each other.Rate this question:
-
- 46.
Which exercise occurs in the Sagittal plane?
-
Walking Lunges
-
Lateral raises
-
Standing hip adduction
-
Standing hip abduction
Correct Answer
A. Walking LungesExplanation
Walking lunges occur in the Sagittal plane because they involve forward movement in a straight line, with the legs moving in a front-to-back motion. The Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves, and movements in this plane occur along the anterior-posterior axis. Walking lunges involve flexion and extension of the hip and knee joints, which are movements that occur in the Sagittal plane.Rate this question:
-
- 47.
What is the explanation of Medial?
-
Towards the midline of the body
-
Away from the midline of the body
-
At the front of the body
-
On one side of the body
Correct Answer
A. Towards the midline of the bodyExplanation
The term "medial" refers to a position or direction that is towards the midline of the body. In anatomical terms, the midline is an imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves. Therefore, if something is described as medial, it means it is closer to or moving towards the midline of the body. This is in contrast to "away from the midline of the body," which would be a lateral direction. "At the front of the body" and "on one side of the body" are not accurate explanations for the term "medial."Rate this question:
-
- 48.
What is residual volume?
-
The amount of air left in the lungs after exhalation
-
The amount of air left in the lungs after inhalation
-
The amount of air left in the lungs after excerising
-
The amount of air left in the lungs after relaxing
Correct Answer
A. The amount of air left in the lungs after exhalationExplanation
Residual volume refers to the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a complete exhalation. This is the volume of air that cannot be expelled from the lungs and is necessary to keep the lungs inflated and prevent collapse. It is typically around 1.2 liters and cannot be measured directly through normal breathing.Rate this question:
-
- 49.
What is pyruvic acid converted to when there is inadequate oxygen?
-
Lactic acid
-
Creatine Phosphate
-
Aednosine Diphosphate
-
Carbon Dioxide
Correct Answer
A. Lactic acidExplanation
Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid when there is inadequate oxygen. This process is known as anaerobic glycolysis. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. This allows the cells to continue producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell, even when oxygen is limited. Lactic acid can build up in the muscles during intense exercise, leading to muscle fatigue and soreness.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Jan 20, 2025 +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Jan 20, 2025Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Expert Reviewed by
Stephen Reinbold -
Dec 07, 2015Quiz Created by
Thomas Gallivan
Back to top