Cosmetology - Anatomy And Physiology Trivia Quiz

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  • 1/38 Questions

    The study of the structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye is called:

    • Anatomy
    • Myology
    • Physiology
    • Histology
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About This Quiz

This quiz is taken from the Anatomy and Physiology portion of the Milady's Standard Cosmetology Exam Review.

Cosmetology - Anatomy And Physiology Trivia Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Living plant and animal cells are enclosed by the:

    • Cytoplasm

    • Nucleus

    • Protoplasm

    • Cell membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Cell membrane
    Explanation
    Living plant and animal cells are enclosed by the cell membrane. The cell membrane is a protective barrier that surrounds the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that allow for selective permeability. The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the integrity of the cell and controlling its internal environment. It also plays a role in cell signaling and communication with the external environment.

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  • 3. 

    The substance of which all living cells are composed is called:

    • Protoplasm

    • Lymph

    • Leukocytes

    • Plasma

    Correct Answer
    A. Protoplasm
    Explanation
    Protoplasm is the correct answer because it refers to the substance found in all living cells. It is a jelly-like material that contains various organelles and is responsible for carrying out the essential functions of the cell. Protoplasm is involved in processes such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction, making it a fundamental component of all living organisms.

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  • 4. 

    Food materials for cellular growth and self-repair are found in the:

    • Daughter cell

    • Cell membrane

    • Cytoplasm

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoplasm
    Explanation
    Food materials for cellular growth and self-repair are found in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains various organelles, including ribosomes and mitochondria, which are responsible for protein synthesis and energy production. These organelles require nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids, which are obtained from the surrounding cytoplasm. Therefore, the cytoplasm serves as the site where food materials are present and utilized for cellular growth and repair.

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  • 5. 

    The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones is called:

    • Anabolism

    • Catabolism

    • Mitosis

    • Circulation

    Correct Answer
    A. Anabolism
    Explanation
    Anabolism is the correct answer because it refers to the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones. It involves the synthesis of complex molecules, such as proteins, from simpler molecules, such as amino acids. This process requires energy and is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Catabolism, on the other hand, is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones, while mitosis is a type of cell division, and circulation refers to the movement of fluids in the body.

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  • 6. 

    A tissue is a group of _ that perform a specific function.

    • Systems

    • Cells

    • Membranes

    • Organs

    Correct Answer
    A. Cells
    Explanation
    A tissue is a group of cells that perform a specific function. Tissues are composed of cells that work together to carry out specialized tasks in the body. Each type of tissue has a unique structure and function that allows it to contribute to the overall functioning of the organism. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and epithelial tissue.

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  • 7. 

    The brain and spinal cord are examples of:

    • Nerve tissue

    • Connective tissue

    • Epithelial tissue

    • Muscular tissue

    Correct Answer
    A. Nerve tissue
    Explanation
    The brain and spinal cord are examples of nerve tissue because they are composed of specialized cells called neurons that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. Nerve tissue is responsible for carrying sensory information, coordinating body movements, and controlling bodily functions. It is unique in its ability to transmit and process information, making it essential for the functioning of the nervous system.

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  • 8. 

    The tissue that serves as a protective covering on body surfaces is called:

    • Nerve tissue

    • Epithelial tissue

    • Connective tissue

    • Muscular tissue

    Correct Answer
    A. Epithelial tissue
    Explanation
    Epithelial tissue is the correct answer because it serves as a protective covering on body surfaces. This tissue forms the outermost layer of the skin, as well as lining the internal organs and cavities. It acts as a barrier against physical, chemical, and microbial damage, preventing the entry of harmful substances. Epithelial tissue also plays a role in absorption, secretion, and sensation.

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  • 9. 

    The hear, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines are body:

    • Organs

    • Functions

    • Systems

    • Tissues

    Correct Answer
    A. Organs
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "organs". Organs are distinct structures within the body that perform specific functions. The heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines are all examples of organs in the human body. Each organ has a unique role and contributes to the overall functioning of the body.

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  • 10. 

    The circulatory system includes these organs:

    • Oil and sweat glands

    • Lungs and air passages

    • Stomach and salivary glands

    • Heart and blood vessels

    Correct Answer
    A. Heart and blood vessels
    Explanation
    The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, and oxygen throughout the body. The heart pumps blood, while the blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, distribute the blood to different parts of the body. This allows oxygen and nutrients to reach cells and removes waste products. The other options mentioned, such as oil and sweat glands, lungs and air passages, and stomach and salivary glands, are not part of the circulatory system and have different functions in the body.

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  • 11. 

    The body system that serves as the physical foundation of the body is the:

    • Skeletal system

    • Nervous system

    • Respiratory system

    • Circulatory system

    Correct Answer
    A. Skeletal system
    Explanation
    The skeletal system serves as the physical foundation of the body because it provides support, structure, and protection to the body's organs and tissues. It consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that work together to allow movement, maintain posture, and protect vital organs. Without the skeletal system, the body would not have a framework to support its structure and function properly.

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  • 12. 

    The scientific study of the anatomy, structure, and functions of bones is called:

    • Trichology

    • Biology

    • Osteology

    • Myology

    Correct Answer
    A. Osteology
    Explanation
    Osteology is the correct answer because it is the scientific study of bones, including their anatomy, structure, and functions. Trichology is the study of hair, biology is the study of living organisms, and myology is the study of muscles. Therefore, osteology specifically focuses on bones.

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  • 13. 

    The portion of the skull that protects the brain is the:

    • Cranium

    • Frontal bone

    • Mandible

    • Facial skeleton

    Correct Answer
    A. Cranium
    Explanation
    The cranium is the correct answer because it is the portion of the skull that encloses and protects the brain. It is made up of several bones that fit together to form a strong and sturdy structure. The cranium plays a vital role in safeguarding the brain from any external trauma or injury.

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  • 14. 

    An important function of bones is:

    • Producing red and white blood cells

    • Stimulating blood circulation

    • Stimulating the muscles

    • Producing calcium

    Correct Answer
    A. Producing red and white blood cells
    Explanation
    Bones contain bone marrow, which is responsible for producing red and white blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues, while white blood cells help fight off infections and diseases. Therefore, one of the important functions of bones is the production of red and white blood cells.

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  • 15. 

    The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium are the:

    • Frontal bones

    • Temporal bones

    • Occipital bones

    • Parietal bones

    Correct Answer
    A. Parietal bones
    Explanation
    The parietal bones form the sides and crown of the cranium. They are located towards the top of the skull, just behind the frontal bones. The temporal bones are located on the sides and base of the skull, while the occipital bones are located towards the back of the skull. Therefore, the correct answer is parietal bones.

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  • 16. 

    The U-shaped bone that is commonly called the "Adam's apple" is the:

    • Nasal bone

    • Carpus

    • Mandible

    • Hyoid

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyoid
    Explanation
    The U-shaped bone that is commonly called the "Adam's apple" is the hyoid. The hyoid bone is located in the neck and is situated above the larynx. It is responsible for supporting and providing attachment points for various muscles involved in swallowing and speaking. The prominence of the hyoid bone in males gives rise to the visible Adam's apple.

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  • 17. 

    The bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other organs is the:

    • Scapula

    • Phalanges

    • Thorax

    • Sternum

    Correct Answer
    A. Thorax
    Explanation
    The thorax is the correct answer because it refers to the bony cage that protects the heart, lungs, and other organs. The scapula is a bone in the shoulder, the phalanges are bones in the fingers and toes, and the sternum is the breastbone. Therefore, the thorax is the most appropriate answer as it specifically describes the protective framework for the mentioned organs.

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  • 18. 

    The cheekbones are also called the:

    • Maxillae

    • Zygomatic bones

    • Lacrimal bones

    • Temporal bones

    Correct Answer
    A. Zygomatic bones
    Explanation
    The zygomatic bones, also known as the cheekbones, are a pair of facial bones that form the prominence of the cheeks. They are located on either side of the face, extending from the area below the eyes to the sides of the mouth. The zygomatic bones play a significant role in facial structure and are responsible for providing support and shape to the face.

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  • 19. 

    The largest and strongest bone of the face is the:

    • Zygomatic bone

    • Lacrimal bone

    • Maxilla

    • Mandible

    Correct Answer
    A. Mandible
    Explanation
    The mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the face. It is commonly known as the jawbone and forms the lower jaw. It plays a crucial role in various functions such as chewing, speaking, and facial expression. The mandible is a U-shaped bone that connects to the skull through the temporomandibular joint. Its robust structure and ability to withstand significant forces make it the correct answer as the largest and strongest bone of the face.

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  • 20. 

    The place where tow or more bones connect is called a/an:

    • Tendon

    • Origin

    • Joint

    • Ligament

    Correct Answer
    A. Joint
    Explanation
    A joint is the correct answer because it refers to the place where two or more bones connect. It is the location where movement occurs in the body, allowing for flexibility and mobility. Tendons and ligaments are also involved in the structure and function of joints, but they do not specifically refer to the place where bones connect. The term "origin" is unrelated to joints and refers to the point of attachment of a muscle to a bone.

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  • 21. 

    The temporal bones from the:

    • Lower jaw

    • Sides of the head

    • Forehead

    • Eye sockets

    Correct Answer
    A. Sides of the head
    Explanation
    The temporal bones are located on the sides of the head. They form part of the skull and house important structures such as the middle and inner ear, as well as the temporomandibular joint which connects the lower jaw to the skull. These bones play a crucial role in protecting and supporting the brain and sensory organs, and also contribute to the overall shape and structure of the head.

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  • 22. 

    The bones of the forearm are the:

    • Phalanges

    • Ulna and radius

    • Carpus and metacarpus

    • Humerus and radius

    Correct Answer
    A. Ulna and radius
    Explanation
    The correct answer is ulna and radius. The ulna and radius are the two bones in the forearm. The ulna is located on the inner side of the forearm, while the radius is on the outer side. These two bones work together to allow for movement and rotation of the forearm, as well as providing support and protection for the muscles and tissues in the area.

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  • 23. 

    The 14 bones in the fingers of each hand are the:

    • Phalanges

    • Clavicles

    • Carpals

    • Digits

    Correct Answer
    A. Phalanges
    Explanation
    The correct answer is phalanges. Phalanges are the bones in the fingers of each hand. They are responsible for the movement and flexibility of the fingers. The clavicles are collarbones, the carpals are bones in the wrist, and digits refer to the fingers and toes collectively.

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  • 24. 

    The bridge of the nose is formed by the:

    • Frontal bones

    • Lacrimal bones

    • Nasal bones

    • Zygomatic bones

    Correct Answer
    A. Nasal bones
    Explanation
    The bridge of the nose is formed by the nasal bones. These small, rectangular bones are located at the upper part of the nose, between the frontal bones and the maxilla. They provide support and structure to the bridge, helping to maintain the shape of the nose. The lacrimal bones are located near the inner corner of the eye and do not contribute to the formation of the nose bridge. The zygomatic bones form the cheekbones and are not directly involved in the structure of the nose bridge.

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  • 25. 

    The place of attachment of a muscle to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the:

    • Belly

    • Origin

    • Insertion

    • Ligament

    Correct Answer
    A. Origin
    Explanation
    The place of attachment of a muscle to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the origin. This is where the muscle originates from and remains fixed during muscle contraction. The origin is typically located closer to the midline of the body or the proximal end of the limb.

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  • 26. 

    The study of the structure, functions, and diseases of the muscles is called:

    • Neurology

    • Osteology

    • Cardiology

    • Myology

    Correct Answer
    A. Myology
    Explanation
    Myology is the study of the structure, functions, and diseases of the muscles. Neurology is the study of the nervous system, osteology is the study of bones, and cardiology is the study of the heart. Therefore, myology is the correct answer as it specifically focuses on muscles.

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  • 27. 

    The muscles that are attached to the bones and are controlled by the will are the:

    • Visceral muscles

    • Nonstriated muscles

    • Striated muscles

    • Cardiac muscles

    Correct Answer
    A. Striated muscles
    Explanation
    Striated muscles are attached to the bones and are controlled voluntarily by the will. These muscles are also known as skeletal muscles and are responsible for body movements. They have a striped appearance due to the arrangement of their contractile proteins. Visceral muscles, on the other hand, are found in the internal organs and are not controlled by the will. Nonstriated muscles, also called smooth muscles, are found in the walls of hollow organs and blood vessels. Cardiac muscles are found in the heart and are also not under voluntary control.

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  • 28. 

    The muscle that covers the to of the skull is the:

    • Procerus

    • Latissimus dorsi

    • Epicranius

    • Aponeurosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Epicranius
    Explanation
    The correct answer is epicranius. The epicranius muscle covers the top of the skull. It is composed of two main parts: the frontalis muscle, which is responsible for raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead, and the occipitalis muscle, which is located at the back of the head and helps in retracting the scalp. Together, these muscles form a broad, sheet-like structure that covers the skull. The other options listed, procerus, latissimus dorsi, and aponeurosis, are not muscles that cover the top of the skull.

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  • 29. 

    The muscle that rungs the eye socket is the:

    • Orbicularis oculi

    • Auricularis superior

    • Procerus

    • Orbicularis oris

    Correct Answer
    A. Orbicularis oculi
    Explanation
    The correct answer is orbicularis oculi. The orbicularis oculi is a muscle that surrounds the eye socket. It is responsible for closing the eyelids and is involved in facial expressions such as blinking, squinting, and winking.

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  • 30. 

    The muscles of chewing or mastication are the:

    • Pectoralis major and minor

    • Zygomaticus major and minor

    • Buccinator and mentalis muscles

    • Masseter and temporalis muscles

    Correct Answer
    A. Masseter and temporalis muscles
    Explanation
    The muscles of chewing or mastication are the masseter and temporalis muscles. These muscles are responsible for moving the jaw and facilitating the process of chewing food. The masseter muscle is located in the cheek area and is one of the strongest muscles in the human body. The temporalis muscle is located on the side of the head and is responsible for closing the jaw. Together, these muscles work in coordination to allow for effective chewing and grinding of food.

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  • 31. 

    One of the muscles that control the swinging movements of the arm is the:

    • Deltoid

    • Trapezius

    • Serratus anterior

    • Extensor

    Correct Answer
    A. Trapezius
    Explanation
    The trapezius muscle is responsible for controlling the swinging movements of the arm. It is a large muscle located in the upper back and neck area. The trapezius muscle helps to stabilize and move the shoulder blade, which in turn allows for the swinging movements of the arm.

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  • 32. 

    The muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head is the:

    • Pectoralis

    • Sternocleidomastoideus

    • Orbicularis oris

    • Platysma

    Correct Answer
    A. Sternocleidomastoideus
    Explanation
    The sternocleidomastoideus muscle is located in the neck and has the ability to lower and rotate the head. It originates from the sternum and clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process of the temporal bone. When contracted, it flexes the neck forward, rotates the head to the opposite side, and laterally flexes the neck. Therefore, the sternocleidomastoideus is responsible for the movements described in the question.

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  • 33. 

    The muscles that draw the fingers together are the:

    • Extensors

    • Opponents

    • Adductors

    • Abductors

    Correct Answer
    A. Adductors
    Explanation
    The adductors are the muscles responsible for drawing the fingers together. These muscles are located in the hand and forearm and are responsible for adduction, which is the movement that brings the fingers closer together. The extensors, on the other hand, are responsible for opening or extending the fingers. The opponents are responsible for opposing or opposing the movement of the thumb. Therefore, the correct answer is adductors.

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  • 34. 

    The brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves make up the:

    • Autonomic nervous system

    • Circulatory system

    • Central nervous system

    • Peripheral nervous system

    Correct Answer
    A. Central nervous system
    Explanation
    The brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves make up the central nervous system. This system is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the sensory organs and sending signals to the muscles and glands. It is the control center of the body, regulating various bodily functions and behaviors. The autonomic nervous system, circulatory system, and peripheral nervous system are all separate systems that work in conjunction with the central nervous system but do not encompass all its components.

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  • 35. 

    The largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body is the:

    • Fifth cranial nerve

    • Spinal cord

    • Spinal nerves

    • Brain

    Correct Answer
    A. Brain
    Explanation
    The brain is the correct answer because it is the largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body. It is responsible for controlling and coordinating all bodily functions, including movement, sensation, and cognition. The brain is composed of billions of neurons that transmit electrical signals and allow for communication between different parts of the body. It is protected by the skull and is divided into various regions, each with its own specific functions. Overall, the brain plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and functioning of the body.

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  • 36. 

    The sensations of touch, cold, heat, sight, and hearing are carried to the brain by:

    • Reflexes

    • Motor nerves

    • Sensory nerves

    • Efferent nerves

    Correct Answer
    A. Sensory nerves
    Explanation
    The sensations of touch, cold, heat, sight, and hearing are carried to the brain by sensory nerves. These nerves are responsible for transmitting information from the sensory receptors in our body to the brain, allowing us to perceive and interpret the various sensations. Unlike motor nerves, which are involved in sending signals from the brain to the muscles, sensory nerves play a crucial role in relaying sensory information to the brain for processing and perception. Reflexes and efferent nerves are not directly involved in carrying sensory information to the brain, making them incorrect options.

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  • 37. 

    The part of the nerve cell, or neuron, that sends impulses away from the cell body to outher neurons, glands, or muscles is the:

    • Spinal cord

    • Axon

    • Cell body

    • Dendrites

    Correct Answer
    A. Axon
    Explanation
    The axon is the part of the nerve cell that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles. It is like a long, thin cable that transmits signals from one part of the body to another. The axon is covered by a protective layer called the myelin sheath, which helps to speed up the transmission of impulses. This is why the axon is responsible for sending impulses away from the cell body, making it the correct answer in this question.

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  • 38. 

    A branch of the fifth cranial nerve affecting the external ear and skin above the temple is the:

    • Auriculotemporal nerve

    • Infraorbital nerve

    • Mental nerve

    • Infratrochlear nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Auriculotemporal nerve
    Explanation
    The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) that innervates the external ear and the skin above the temple. It is responsible for providing sensory information from these areas to the brain. The other options, infraorbital nerve, mental nerve, and infratrochlear nerve, are branches of the trigeminal nerve as well, but they do not specifically innervate the external ear and skin above the temple.

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  • Jun 20, 2024
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