1.
The branch of science that studies the structures of the human body that are visible to the naked eye is called:
Correct Answer
A. Anatomy
Explanation
Anatomy is the branch of science that studies the structures of the human body that are visible to the naked eye. It involves the examination of the body's organs, tissues, and systems, focusing on their structure, location, and relationship with each other. This field of study is essential in understanding the overall organization and functioning of the human body. Histology, on the other hand, is the study of tissues under a microscope, myology focuses on the study of muscles, and physiology deals with the functions and processes of living organisms.
2.
The cell membrane is the structure that encloses:
Correct Answer
A. Living plant and animal cells
Explanation
The cell membrane is a protective barrier that surrounds and encloses living plant and animal cells. It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing the cell to maintain its internal environment and protect itself from the external environment. The cell membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that help in various cellular functions such as transport, signaling, and cell recognition. The statement "the cell membrane encloses living plant and animal cells" accurately describes the role and function of the cell membrane.
3.
All living cells are composed of a substance that encloses
Correct Answer
A. Protoplasm
Explanation
Protoplasm is the correct answer because it is a substance that encloses all living cells. Protoplasm is a colloidal solution containing various organic and inorganic compounds, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. It is responsible for carrying out the essential functions of life within the cell, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Therefore, protoplasm is a fundamental component of all living cells.
4.
Cytoplasm is responsable:
Correct Answer
C. Cell growth and self-repair
Explanation
The cytoplasm is responsible for cell growth and self-repair. It provides a medium for various cellular processes, including the synthesis of proteins and the replication of DNA. It also contains organelles such as ribosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum, which are involved in protein synthesis and transportation. Additionally, the cytoplasm plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall integrity and shape of the cell. It provides structural support and allows for the movement of organelles within the cell. Therefore, the cytoplasm is essential for the growth and repair of cells.
5.
The phase of metabolism is which larger molecules are built from smaller ones is called:
Correct Answer
D. Anabolism
Explanation
Anabolism is the correct answer because it refers to the phase of metabolism where larger molecules are built from smaller ones. This process requires energy and is responsible for the growth, repair, and maintenance of cells and tissues in the body. Anabolism is the opposite of catabolism, which is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones. Circulation is the movement of fluids within the body, and mitosis is the process of cell division.
6.
A collection of similar cells that perform particular function is called a/an:
Correct Answer
C. Tissue
Explanation
A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function is called tissue. Tissues are the building blocks of organs and systems in the body. They are specialized to carry out specific functions such as protection, support, and secretion. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and epithelial tissue.
7.
Examples of ____________ include the brain and spiral cord.
Correct Answer
D. Nerve tissue
Explanation
Nerve tissue is the correct answer because it is the only type of tissue mentioned in the options that includes the brain and spinal cord. Epithelial tissue covers the body's surfaces, muscular tissue is responsible for movement, and connective tissue supports and connects different structures in the body. Nerve tissue, on the other hand, is specialized for transmitting electrical signals and is found in the brain and spinal cord, which are key components of the nervous system.
8.
Epithelial tissue performs the funtion of:
Correct Answer
D. Covering body surfaces
Explanation
Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, both externally and internally. It forms the outermost layer of the skin and lines the cavities and organs within the body. It acts as a protective barrier, preventing the entry of harmful substances and microorganisms. Additionally, epithelial tissue also helps in the absorption and secretion of substances, as well as in the exchange of gases and nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is covering body surfaces.
9.
Body structures such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines are called
Correct Answer
C. Functions
Explanation
The question is asking for the term that describes body structures such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines. Out of the given options, "functions" does not accurately describe these body structures. "Tissues" refers to a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function, "systems" refers to a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function, and "organs" accurately describes the body structures mentioned in the question. Therefore, "organs" is the correct answer.
10.
The heart and blood vessels make up the
Correct Answer
C. Circulatory system
Explanation
The heart and blood vessels work together to circulate blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the cells and removing waste products. This process is essential for maintaining the body's overall functioning and is known as the circulatory system. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, while the integumentary system is related to the skin, hair, and nails. The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is the circulatory system.
11.
The physical foundation of the body is the
Correct Answer
A. Skeletal system
Explanation
The skeletal system is the correct answer because it provides the physical foundation for the body. It consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that support and protect the body's organs and tissues. The skeletal system also plays a crucial role in movement, as it provides attachment points for muscles and allows for mobility. Additionally, the bones in the skeletal system produce blood cells, store minerals, and help maintain the body's overall shape and structure.
12.
Osteology is the scientific study of the
Correct Answer
B. Bones
Explanation
Osteology is the scientific study of bones. It involves examining the structure, development, and function of bones in various organisms. This field of study helps in understanding the skeletal system and its role in providing support, protection, and movement to the body. By studying bones, scientists can also gain insights into the evolution and adaptation of different species.
13.
The brain is protected by the portion of the skull called the
Correct Answer
A. Cranium
Explanation
The brain is protected by the cranium, which is the portion of the skull that surrounds and encloses the brain. The cranium is a hard, bony structure that provides a protective barrier for the brain, shielding it from external forces and potential injuries. It is composed of several bones that fit together to form a strong and sturdy enclosure for the brain, ensuring its safety and well-being.
14.
The production of red and white blood cells is one of the functions of the
Correct Answer
D. Bones
Explanation
The production of red and white blood cells is primarily carried out by the bone marrow, which is located within the bones. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells that carry oxygen and white blood cells that help fight infections. Therefore, the correct answer is bones.
15.
The sides and crown (top) of the cranium are formed by two bones called the
Correct Answer
C. Pariental bones
Explanation
The parietal bones form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium. These bones are located on each side of the head, connecting with each other at the top of the skull. They provide protection for the brain and help to maintain the shape and structure of the skull. The frontal bones form the forehead, the temporal bones are located on the sides of the skull near the temples, and the occipital bones form the back of the skull and the base of the cranium.
16.
The hyiod is a U-shaped bone located
Correct Answer
C. At the base toungue
17.
The heart, lungs, and other organs are encased in a bony cage called the
Correct Answer
C. Thorax
Explanation
The correct answer is thorax. The heart, lungs, and other organs are protected by a bony cage called the thorax. The thorax is made up of the sternum, ribs, and spine, which provide structural support and protection to the vital organs.
18.
The zygomatic bones form the
Correct Answer
B. Prominence of the cheeks
Explanation
The zygomatic bones are responsible for forming the prominence of the cheeks. These bones are located on the sides and crown of the cranium and contribute to the overall structure and shape of the face. They are commonly known as the cheekbones and play a role in facial aesthetics and support.
19.
The bone of the face that is the largest and strongest is the:
Correct Answer
D. Mandible
Explanation
The mandible, also known as the jawbone, is the largest and strongest bone in the face. It is responsible for supporting the lower teeth and plays a crucial role in chewing, speaking, and facial expression. The mandible is a U-shaped bone that connects to the skull at the temporomandibular joint. Its size and strength allow it to withstand the forces generated during biting and chewing, making it the largest and strongest bone in the face.
20.
A joint is the connection between two or more
Correct Answer
C. Bones
Explanation
A joint is the connection between two or more bones. Joints are responsible for allowing movement and providing stability to the skeletal system. They are formed by the articulation of bones, which are held together by ligaments and surrounded by synovial fluid. Joints can be classified into different types, such as hinge joints, ball-and-socket joints, and pivot joints, depending on their structure and range of motion.
21.
There are two temporal bones, which form the:
Correct Answer
A. Sides of the head
Explanation
The two temporal bones are located on each side of the head. They are responsible for forming the sides of the head, providing structural support and protection to the brain. These bones also contribute to the formation of the skull and help in the attachment of various muscles, ligaments, and tendons.
22.
The ulna and the radius are two or more
Correct Answer
B. Forearm
Explanation
The correct answer is forearm because the ulna and the radius are two bones located in the forearm. The ulna is the larger bone on the inner side of the forearm, while the radius is the smaller bone on the outer side. These two bones play a crucial role in the movement and stability of the forearm, allowing for actions such as rotating the wrist and bending the elbow. Therefore, the forearm is the appropriate location for the ulna and the radius.
23.
The fingers of each hand consist of 14 bones called the
Correct Answer
C. pHalanges
Explanation
The fingers of each hand consist of 14 bones called phalanges. Phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers and toes of humans. Each finger has three phalanges, except for the thumb, which has two. These bones are responsible for providing support and flexibility to the fingers, allowing us to perform various tasks such as grasping objects and typing. The clavicles are collarbones, the carpals are wrist bones, and digits is a general term for fingers and toes.
24.
The nasal bones form the
Correct Answer
D. Bridge of the nose
Explanation
The correct answer is "bridge of the nose." The nasal bones are responsible for forming the upper part of the nose, known as the bridge. They provide structure and support to the nose, helping to maintain its shape. The nasal bones also play a role in protecting the delicate structures inside the nasal cavity.
25.
The portion of a muscle that is attached to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the
Correct Answer
D. Origin
Explanation
The portion of a muscle that is attached to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the origin. The origin is typically the proximal end of the muscle, where it attaches to a bone that does not move during muscle contraction. This point of attachment provides stability and allows the muscle to exert force on the movable bone or joint. In contrast, a ligament is a fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to each other, while the belly refers to the middle, fleshy portion of a muscle.
26.
Myology is the study of the structure, functions, and diseases
Correct Answer
A. Muscles
Explanation
Myology is the study of the structure, functions, and diseases of muscles. It focuses on understanding the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of muscles, as well as their role in movement, posture, and overall body function. By studying muscles, researchers and healthcare professionals can gain insights into various muscular disorders, develop treatments, and improve overall muscle health and performance. Therefore, the correct answer is muscles.
27.
The voluntary muscles that are controlled by the will are called
Correct Answer
D. Striated muscles
Explanation
Striated muscles are the correct answer because they are voluntary muscles that are controlled by the will. These muscles are also known as skeletal muscles and are responsible for voluntary movements in the body. They are called striated muscles because they have a striped appearance due to the arrangement of their fibers. Cardiac muscles, on the other hand, are involuntary muscles found in the heart. Visceral muscles are also involuntary and are found in the internal organs. Nonstriated muscles, also known as smooth muscles, are also involuntary and are found in the walls of hollow organs.
28.
The epicranius muscle covers the
Correct Answer
D. Top of the skull
Explanation
The epicranius muscle is a broad muscle that covers the top of the skull. It is composed of two main parts, the frontalis muscle and the occipitalis muscle. The frontalis muscle is located on the forehead and helps raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead. The occipitalis muscle is located at the back of the head and helps move the scalp. Together, these muscles form the epicranius muscle, which covers the top of the skull.
29.
The ring muscle of the eye socket that enables you to close your eyes is the
Correct Answer
B. Orbicularis oculi
Explanation
The orbicularis oculi is the correct answer because it is the ring muscle of the eye socket that enables you to close your eyes. The orbicularis oris is the muscle responsible for closing and puckering the lips, the auricularis superior is a muscle of the ear, and the procerus is a muscle of the forehead.
30.
The masseter and temporalis muscles control
Correct Answer
C. Chewing or mastication
Explanation
The masseter and temporalis muscles are responsible for chewing or mastication. These muscles work together to move the jaw and help break down food during the chewing process. When these muscles contract, they exert force on the teeth, allowing them to grind and crush food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. Therefore, the correct answer is chewing or mastication.
31.
The swinging of the arm are controlled by several muscles, including the
Correct Answer
B. Trapezuis
Explanation
The trapezius muscle is responsible for controlling the swinging of the arm. It is a large muscle that extends from the base of the skull to the middle of the back and shoulders. It helps to stabilize and move the shoulder blades, allowing for smooth and controlled movement of the arms. The trapezius muscle is involved in various arm movements such as raising and lowering the arm, as well as rotating and retracting the shoulder blades.
32.
The sternocleidomastoideus is the muscle that
Correct Answer
D. Rotates the head
Explanation
The sternocleidomastoideus muscle is responsible for rotating the head. This muscle is located in the neck and connects the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the skull. When both sides of the muscle contract together, they cause the head to rotate towards the opposite side. This movement allows us to turn our head from side to side.
33.
The fingers are drown together by muscles called the
Correct Answer
C. Adductors
Explanation
The adductors are muscles responsible for bringing the fingers together. They are located on the inner side of the hand and are responsible for adduction, which is the movement of bringing the fingers closer to each other. These muscles work in opposition to the abductors, which are responsible for spreading the fingers apart. The extensors, on the other hand, are responsible for extending or straightening the fingers. The opponents, in this context, do not refer to any specific muscles related to finger movement.
34.
The central nervous system is composed of the brain and
Correct Answer
C. Spinal cord
Explanation
The central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is responsible for processing and interpreting information received from the body, while the spinal cord acts as a pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. Together, they form the central nervous system, which plays a crucial role in controlling and coordinating the body's functions and responses.
35.
The nerve tissue that is the largest and most complex in the body is the
Correct Answer
A. Brain
Explanation
The brain is the correct answer because it is the largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body. It is responsible for controlling and coordinating all bodily functions, including thoughts, emotions, and movement. The brain is made up of billions of neurons that communicate with each other through electrical and chemical signals. It is protected by the skull and is divided into different regions that have specific functions, such as the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Overall, the brain plays a vital role in our ability to think, learn, and experience the world around us.
36.
Sensory nerves carry messages from the:
Correct Answer
A. Sense organs to the brain
Explanation
Sensory nerves are responsible for transmitting information from the sense organs to the brain. These nerves play a crucial role in our ability to perceive and interpret sensory stimuli such as touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. They allow us to process and make sense of the information received by our sense organs, enabling us to respond and interact with our environment effectively.
37.
Impulses are sent away from the cell body to other neutrons, glands, or muscles by the
Correct Answer
D. Axon
Explanation
The axon is responsible for transmitting impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles. It is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses. The dendrites, on the other hand, receive impulses from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body. The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles, but it does not directly transmit impulses. The spinal cord is a part of the central nervous system that acts as a pathway for transmitting sensory and motor information between the brain and the rest of the body.
38.
The auriculotemporal nerve of the fifth cranial nerve and affects the
Correct Answer
B. External ear and skin above the temple
Explanation
The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve) that supplies sensory innervation to the external ear and the skin above the temple. This nerve is responsible for transmitting sensations such as pain, touch, and temperature from these areas to the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is "external ear and skin above the temple."
39.
The nerve affecting the skin at the point and lower side of the nose is the
Correct Answer
A. Nasal nerve
Explanation
The correct answer is nasal nerve. The nasal nerve is responsible for innervating the skin at the point and lower side of the nose. It is a branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. The intratrochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle of the eye. The suprachlear nerve innervates the skin of the forehead and scalp. The supraorbital nerve innervates the forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid.
40.
The fifth cranial nerve, also called the trifacial or trigeminal nerve, serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that
Correct Answer
B. Control chewing
Explanation
The fifth cranial nerve, known as the trigeminal nerve, is responsible for controlling chewing. This nerve innervates the muscles involved in the chewing process, allowing for the movement of the jaw and the grinding of food. It is the main motor nerve involved in the action of chewing, making it the correct answer in this case.
41.
The scalp and upper eyelids are affected by the
Correct Answer
A. Infraorbital nerve
Explanation
The infraorbital nerve is responsible for innervating the scalp and upper eyelids. It is a branch of the maxillary nerve, which is one of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve. The infraorbital nerve emerges from the infraorbital foramen and supplies sensation to the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and the anterior part of the cheek. It also provides sensory innervation to the upper teeth and gums.
42.
The seventh cranial is the chief motor serve of the
Correct Answer
C. Face
Explanation
The seventh cranial nerve, also known as the facial nerve, is responsible for controlling the muscles of the face. It innervates the muscles that allow us to make facial expressions, such as smiling or frowning. This nerve also plays a role in other functions like taste sensation in the front two-thirds of the tongue, tear production, and saliva secretion. Therefore, the correct answer is face.
43.
The muscles of the upper part of the cheek are affected by the
Correct Answer
D. Sygomatic nerve
Explanation
The correct answer is the sygomatic nerve. The sygomatic nerve innervates the muscles of the upper part of the cheek, including the zygomaticus major and zygomaticus minor muscles. These muscles are responsible for facial expressions such as smiling and raising the corners of the mouth.
44.
The buccal nerve affects the muscles of the
Correct Answer
B. Mouth
Explanation
The buccal nerve affects the muscles of the mouth. This nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles involved in chewing, speaking, and swallowing. It provides sensory information from the inner lining of the cheek and the mucous membranes of the mouth. Damage or dysfunction of the buccal nerve can lead to difficulties in these functions, such as difficulty in moving the mouth or experiencing decreased sensation in the mouth.
45.
Nervs originating from the spinal cord are caleed the
Correct Answer
D. Cervical nervs
Explanation
The question is asking for the nerves originating from the spinal cord, and the correct answer is "cervical nerves." The cervical nerves are a set of eight nerves that emerge from the spinal cord in the neck region. They are responsible for transmitting sensory and motor information to and from the neck, shoulders, and upper limbs.
46.
The cervical cutaneous nerve is one of the cervical nervs affecting the
Correct Answer
A. Front and sides of the neck
Explanation
The cervical cutaneous nerve is responsible for providing sensation to the front and sides of the neck. This nerve innervates the skin in this area, allowing for the perception of touch, temperature, and pain. It does not affect the scalp at the top of the head or the muscles behind the ear. Additionally, it does not have any connection to the parotid gland.
47.
One of four principal nerves of the arm and head that supplies the thumb side of the arm is the
Correct Answer
D. Radial nerve
Explanation
The correct answer is the radial nerve. The radial nerve is one of the principal nerves of the arm and head that supplies the thumb side of the arm. It runs along the radial bone and is responsible for controlling the muscles that extend the wrist and fingers. It also provides sensation to the back of the hand and thumb.
48.
The digital nerve is one of the principal arm and hand nerves that supplies
Correct Answer
B. The fingers
Explanation
The digital nerve is responsible for supplying sensation to the fingers, making it the correct answer. While it does supply some muscles in the hand, such as those responsible for fine movements, its primary function is to provide sensory innervation to the fingers. It does not supply all the muscles of the arm, the palm of the hand, or the back of the hand.
49.
The blood is circulated throughout the body by means of the
Correct Answer
D. Circulatory system
Explanation
The circulatory system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body's tissues and organs through arteries, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. This continuous circulation ensures that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to cells and waste products are removed. The skeletal system provides support and protection for the body, the lymphatic system is involved in immune response, and the nervous system controls body functions, but they do not play a direct role in circulating blood.
50.
The capillaries are blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the
Correct Answer
B. LumpH nodes