Gu 201: Old Testament Survey Quiz

The ultimate connection between the Old and New Testaments is the prediction and fulfillment through Jesus Christ. Throughout the Old Testament, there are numerous prophecies and foreshadowings of the coming of the Messiah, who is revealed in the New Testament as Jesus Christ. Jesus fulfills these prophecies and brings the ultimate fulfillment of God's plan for salvation. He is the central figure that connects the two testaments, as the Old Testament points forward to his coming and the New Testament recounts his life, death, and resurrection.

The book of Deuteronomy ends with the death of Moses. This is significant because Moses was the leader of the Israelites and played a crucial role in their journey from slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land. His death marks the end of an era and the transition of leadership to Joshua. It also serves as a reminder of the consequences of Moses' actions, as he was not allowed to enter the Promised Land due to his disobedience to God's commands.

The correct answer is "All of the above." This is because all three options provide evidence that Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible. Jesus supported Mosaic authorship, which suggests that Moses did indeed write these books. Jewish history also supports Mosaic authorship, further strengthening the claim. Additionally, the internal textual claims of Mosaic authorship within the first five books themselves provide further evidence that Moses was the author.

The three letters used in reference to the Septuagint are LXX. The Septuagint is a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, which was completed around the 3rd century BCE. The term "LXX" is derived from the Roman numeral for seventy, as the translation was believed to have been completed by seventy Jewish scholars. It is an important text in the study of biblical history and is often referenced in academic and religious contexts.

The books of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther are considered to be post-exilic because they were written after the Babylonian exile of the Israelites. These books detail the events that took place during the time when the Israelites returned from exile and rebuilt the temple in Jerusalem. They provide historical accounts of the restoration of the Jewish community and the challenges they faced in rebuilding their society.

The correct answer is "The Jews who were scattered from their homeland of Israel." The term "Diaspora" refers to the dispersion or scattering of a population, specifically in this context, the Jewish people who were forced to leave their homeland and settle in different parts of the world. This occurred after the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE and has resulted in Jewish communities existing outside of Israel throughout history.

The ‘narrow definition’ of prophecy is typically associated with the term Forth-tell, which involves gaining insight into the will of God. In religious contexts, prophecy often refers to a divine message or revelation. This can involve forth-telling, where prophets declare God’s will and provide insight into moral and ethical guidelines.

However, it’s important to note that interpretations can vary based on different religious beliefs and traditions. Some might also include fore-telling (predicting future events) as part of prophecy. The options ‘Story-tell’ and ‘Can’t-tell’ do not align with the conventional understanding of prophecy.

Wisdom is personified in Proverbs as Christ because in the New Testament, Jesus is referred to as the "wisdom of God" (1 Corinthians 1:24) and the "Word of God" (John 1:1). He is described as having divine wisdom and understanding, and his teachings in the Gospels are filled with wise and insightful sayings. Therefore, Christ is the personification of wisdom in the context of Proverbs.

A "Christological hermeneutic" refers to a method of interpreting Scripture that focuses on understanding and interpreting the person, attributes, and ministry of Jesus Christ. This approach seeks to find connections and prefigurations of Jesus in the Old Testament, seeing it as a foreshadowing of the New Testament. It aims to uncover the deeper meaning and significance of biblical texts in relation to Christ.

The correct answer is "Evil, Oppression, Repentance, and Restoration." The book of Judges follows a recurring cycle where the Israelites fall into evil and idolatry, leading to oppression by foreign nations. This oppression eventually prompts the Israelites to repent and cry out to God for deliverance. God raises up a judge or leader to rescue them, bringing restoration and peace to the land. However, the cycle repeats itself as the Israelites once again fall into evil, starting the process anew. This pattern is seen throughout the book of Judges.

The primary theme of the book of Numbers as it relates to those 20 and younger and the older generation is to not imitate their parents' unbelief. The book of Numbers tells the story of the Israelites wandering in the wilderness after leaving Egypt. The older generation, who had witnessed God's miracles and deliverance from Egypt, continually doubted and rebelled against God. As a result, they were not allowed to enter the Promised Land. The younger generation, on the other hand, were encouraged to learn from their parents' mistakes and have faith in God. The theme emphasizes the importance of faith and obedience in following God's guidance.

The term "Remnant" refers to the Jews who have returned from the Babylonian captivity. This refers to a specific group of Jewish people who were exiled to Babylon by the Babylonian Empire in the 6th century BCE. After the Babylonian Empire fell, some Jews were allowed to return to their homeland of Israel. This group of returning Jews is known as the Remnant. They played a significant role in rebuilding Jerusalem and reestablishing Jewish religious practices in the land.

The division of the Old Testament known as the Prophets includes books such as Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets. This division contains writings attributed to the prophets of Israel, including both major and minor prophets.

The Wisdom books, also known as the Writings or Ketuvim, include writings such as Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Solomon. These books contain poetry, philosophical reflections, and practical wisdom for living a faithful life.

Protoevangelium refers to the first declaration of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. This term signifies the initial proclamation of the good news about Jesus and his redemptive work. It is believed to be the promise made by God in Genesis 3:15, where he foretells the coming of a savior who will crush the serpent's head. This declaration serves as a foreshadowing of Jesus' future incarnation, crucifixion, and resurrection, and is considered a significant event in Christian theology.

In a broad sense, prophecy can involve both forth-telling (proclaiming a message from God or providing insight into His will) and fore-telling (predicting future events according to God’s plan). This is because many religious traditions understand prophecy as not just delivering God’s messages or moral teachings (forth-telling), but also predicting future events (fore-telling). The options ‘Story-tell’ and ‘Can’t-tell’ do not align with the conventional understanding of prophecy.

Christophany refers to an appearance or manifestation of Christ in the Old Testament. This means that in certain instances in the Old Testament, Christ is believed to have appeared or manifested Himself in some form. This concept is important in understanding the continuity and connection between the Old and New Testaments, as it suggests that Christ's presence and influence can be traced back to the earliest writings of the Bible. By recognizing Christophanies, believers can see how God's plan for salvation through Jesus Christ was present throughout history.

The Pentateuch, also known as the Torah, consists of the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. These books are foundational to both Judaism and Christianity and contain important narratives, laws, and teachings.

The Orthodox canon of the Old Testament typically contains more books compared to the Protestant and Catholic canons. This includes additional books found in the Septuagint, such as 3 Maccabees, 4 Maccabees, and Psalm 151, among others. These additional books are considered canonical by the Orthodox Church but are not included in the Protestant or Catholic canons.