Chapter 7 Review Quiz
Review of Chapter 7.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Joe is thinking about what he is doing this weekend. He is using
- A.
Semantic memory
- B.
Declarative memory
- C.
Prospective memory
- D.
Phonemic memory
- E.
Episodic memory
Correct Answer
C. Prospective memoryExplanation
Prospective memory refers to the ability to remember and perform future actions or tasks. In this scenario, Joe is thinking about what he is doing this weekend, indicating that he is using prospective memory to plan and remember his plans for the upcoming weekend.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Suppose you are told that someone has an accident and now has no idea who she or her family are. This person has significant
- A.
Proactive interference
- B.
Retroactive interference
- C.
Antroactive amnesia
- D.
Antrograde amnesia
- E.
Retrograde amnesia
Correct Answer
E. Retrograde amnesiaExplanation
Retrograde amnesia refers to the loss of memory for events that occurred before the onset of amnesia. In this scenario, the person cannot remember who she or her family are after the accident, indicating a loss of memory for past events. This aligns with the definition of retrograde amnesia, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 3.
When you come up with an idea that you believe to be your own but really was something you heard from somewhere else, you have
- A.
Antrograde amnesia
- B.
Cryptomnesia
- C.
Reality monitoring error
- D.
Encoding specificity error
- E.
Semantic error
Correct Answer
B. CryptomnesiaExplanation
Cryptomnesia refers to the phenomenon where a person mistakenly believes that an idea or thought is original to them, when in reality it was previously encountered or heard from someone else. It is a memory bias where the source of the information is forgotten or not consciously recognized. In this scenario, the individual believes that the idea they came up with is their own, but it is actually something they heard from somewhere else, indicating cryptomnesia.Rate this question:
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- 4.
According to Freud, we do not remember our own birth because
- A.
Our birth was simply a long time ago that decay simply occured.
- B.
Our senses are not fully developed, thus we cannot put sensory into the STM and ultimately into the LTM.
- C.
So much sesory input was present that a lot of interference made it impossible to encode effectively.
- D.
Our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness.
- E.
Our amygdala is underdeveloped at birth.
Correct Answer
D. Our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness.Explanation
According to Freud, we do not remember our own birth because our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness. Freud believed that traumatic experiences, especially those occurring during early childhood, can be repressed by the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to protect the individual from emotional pain. This repression prevents the memory from entering our conscious awareness, making it inaccessible to our conscious recall.Rate this question:
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- 5.
According to Miller, how many pieces of information can we hold in the STM?
- A.
20-30 items
- B.
13-17 items
- C.
4 to 6 items
- D.
2-5 items
- E.
5 to 9 items
Correct Answer
E. 5 to 9 itemsExplanation
Miller's research suggests that the short-term memory (STM) has a limited capacity and can hold around 5 to 9 items. This means that individuals can typically retain and recall a small number of distinct pieces of information in their STM at any given time. It is important to note that this capacity can vary depending on the complexity and nature of the information being stored.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Most people in their fifties can remember where they were when John F. Kennedy was assassinated. This type of memory is known as a _______________ memory.
- A.
Flashbulb
- B.
Retrospective
- C.
Prospective
- D.
Semantic
- E.
Historic
Correct Answer
A. FlashbulbExplanation
Flashbulb memory refers to a vivid and detailed recollection of a significant and emotionally charged event. It is characterized by the belief that the memory is accurate and highly detailed, although research has shown that flashbulb memories can be subject to distortion and inaccuracies over time. The assassination of John F. Kennedy is a prime example of an event that many people in their fifties can recall with great clarity, making flashbulb memory the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 7.
At the beginning of the school year, you keep calling your social studies teacher by the name of your social studies teacher from last year. You are experiencing
- A.
Antrograde amnesia
- B.
Retrograde amnesia
- C.
Retroactive interference
- D.
Proactive interference
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. Proactive interferenceExplanation
Proactive interference refers to when previously learned information interferes with the recall of newly learned information. In this scenario, the individual is calling their current social studies teacher by the name of their teacher from last year. This suggests that the information from the previous year is interfering with the recall of the current teacher's name, indicating proactive interference.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What happened to Henry Molaison (H.M.) that caused his memory impairment?
- A.
His prefrontal cortex was damaged as a result of an infection.
- B.
His hippocamous was removed.
- C.
It is not exactly known.
- D.
His amydgale his removed.
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. His hippocamous was removed.Explanation
Henry Molaison, also known as H.M., suffered from memory impairment because his hippocampus was removed. The hippocampus is a crucial part of the brain involved in the formation and retrieval of memories. The removal of his hippocampus was a result of a surgical procedure aimed at treating his severe epilepsy. This procedure unintentionally caused H.M. to develop anterograde amnesia, which prevented him from forming new long-term memories. Despite this impairment, his procedural memory remained intact, allowing him to learn new skills and tasks without conscious recollection.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When given a list of words, people tend to remember the first and last few words in a recall task. This is known as the
- A.
The Ebbinghaus effect
- B.
Serial position effect
- C.
The haggedorn effect
- D.
The inverted-U
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Serial position effectExplanation
The serial position effect refers to the tendency for people to recall the first and last few items in a list more accurately than the middle items. This phenomenon occurs because the first few items receive more attention and are more likely to be encoded into long-term memory, while the last few items are still in short-term memory when recall takes place. The middle items, on the other hand, are more likely to be forgotten or overshadowed by other items. This effect has been widely observed in various memory experiments and has important implications for studying and improving memory recall.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The _________________ is most responsible for implicit memories, such as procedural and classically conditioned memories.
- A.
Limbic system
- B.
Thalumus
- C.
Hippocampus
- D.
Amygdala
- E.
Cerebellum
Correct Answer
E. CerebellumExplanation
The cerebellum is responsible for implicit memories, such as procedural and classically conditioned memories. It plays a crucial role in motor coordination and learning of motor skills. While the hippocampus is involved in explicit memory formation, the cerebellum is specifically associated with the acquisition and retention of implicit memories. This includes skills like riding a bike or playing an instrument, which are learned through repetition and practice. The other options, such as the limbic system, thalamus, and amygdala, are more closely related to emotional processing and explicit memory formation.Rate this question:
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