Chapter 7 Review Quiz

2.

Suppose you are told that someone has an accident and now has no idea who she or her family are. This person has significant

Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
Antroactive amnesia
Antrograde amnesia
Retrograde amnesia

Correct Answer

A. Retrograde amnesia

Explanation

Retrograde amnesia refers to the loss of memory for events that occurred before the onset of amnesia. In this scenario, the person cannot remember who she or her family are after the accident, indicating a loss of memory for past events. This aligns with the definition of retrograde amnesia, making it the correct answer.

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3.

When you come up with an idea that you believe to be your own but really was something you heard from somewhere else, you have

Antrograde amnesia
Cryptomnesia
Reality monitoring error
Encoding specificity error
Semantic error

Correct Answer

A. Cryptomnesia

Explanation

Cryptomnesia refers to the phenomenon where a person mistakenly believes that an idea or thought is original to them, when in reality it was previously encountered or heard from someone else. It is a memory bias where the source of the information is forgotten or not consciously recognized. In this scenario, the individual believes that the idea they came up with is their own, but it is actually something they heard from somewhere else, indicating cryptomnesia.

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4.

According to Freud, we do not remember our own birth because

Our birth was simply a long time ago that decay simply occured.
Our senses are not fully developed, thus we cannot put sensory into the STM and ultimately into the LTM.
So much sesory input was present that a lot of interference made it impossible to encode effectively.
Our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness.
Our amygdala is underdeveloped at birth.

Correct Answer

A. Our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness.

Explanation

According to Freud, we do not remember our own birth because our birth was a very traumatic experience, so we repressed it out of our conscious awareness. Freud believed that traumatic experiences, especially those occurring during early childhood, can be repressed by the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to protect the individual from emotional pain. This repression prevents the memory from entering our conscious awareness, making it inaccessible to our conscious recall.

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5.

According to Miller, how many pieces of information can we hold in the STM?

20-30 items
13-17 items
4 to 6 items
2-5 items
5 to 9 items

Correct Answer

A. 5 to 9 items

Explanation

Miller's research suggests that the short-term memory (STM) has a limited capacity and can hold around 5 to 9 items. This means that individuals can typically retain and recall a small number of distinct pieces of information in their STM at any given time. It is important to note that this capacity can vary depending on the complexity and nature of the information being stored.

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6.

Most people in their fifties can remember where they were when John F. Kennedy was assassinated. This type of memory is known as a _______________ memory.

Flashbulb
Retrospective
Prospective
Semantic
Historic

Correct Answer

A. Flashbulb

Explanation

Flashbulb memory refers to a vivid and detailed recollection of a significant and emotionally charged event. It is characterized by the belief that the memory is accurate and highly detailed, although research has shown that flashbulb memories can be subject to distortion and inaccuracies over time. The assassination of John F. Kennedy is a prime example of an event that many people in their fifties can recall with great clarity, making flashbulb memory the correct answer.

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7.

At the beginning of the school year, you keep calling your social studies teacher by the name of your social studies teacher from last year. You are experiencing

Antrograde amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
Retroactive interference
Proactive interference
None of the above

Correct Answer

A. Proactive interference

Explanation

Proactive interference refers to when previously learned information interferes with the recall of newly learned information. In this scenario, the individual is calling their current social studies teacher by the name of their teacher from last year. This suggests that the information from the previous year is interfering with the recall of the current teacher's name, indicating proactive interference.

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8.

What happened to Henry Molaison (H.M.) that caused his memory impairment?

His prefrontal cortex was damaged as a result of an infection.
His hippocamous was removed.
It is not exactly known.
His amydgale his removed.
None of the above

Correct Answer

A. His hippocamous was removed.

Explanation

Henry Molaison, also known as H.M., suffered from memory impairment because his hippocampus was removed. The hippocampus is a crucial part of the brain involved in the formation and retrieval of memories. The removal of his hippocampus was a result of a surgical procedure aimed at treating his severe epilepsy. This procedure unintentionally caused H.M. to develop anterograde amnesia, which prevented him from forming new long-term memories. Despite this impairment, his procedural memory remained intact, allowing him to learn new skills and tasks without conscious recollection.

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9.

When given a list of words, people tend to remember the first and last few words in a recall task. This is known as the

The Ebbinghaus effect
Serial position effect
The haggedorn effect
The inverted-U
None of the above

Correct Answer

A. Serial position effect

Explanation

The serial position effect refers to the tendency for people to recall the first and last few items in a list more accurately than the middle items. This phenomenon occurs because the first few items receive more attention and are more likely to be encoded into long-term memory, while the last few items are still in short-term memory when recall takes place. The middle items, on the other hand, are more likely to be forgotten or overshadowed by other items. This effect has been widely observed in various memory experiments and has important implications for studying and improving memory recall.

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10.

The _________________ is most responsible for implicit memories, such as procedural and classically conditioned memories.

Limbic system
Thalumus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Cerebellum

Correct Answer

A. Cerebellum

Explanation

The cerebellum is responsible for implicit memories, such as procedural and classically conditioned memories. It plays a crucial role in motor coordination and learning of motor skills. While the hippocampus is involved in explicit memory formation, the cerebellum is specifically associated with the acquisition and retention of implicit memories. This includes skills like riding a bike or playing an instrument, which are learned through repetition and practice. The other options, such as the limbic system, thalamus, and amygdala, are more closely related to emotional processing and explicit memory formation.

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Chapter 7 Review Quiz

Joe is thinking about what he is doing this weekend. He is using

Quiz Preview

Suppose you are told that someone has an accident and now has no idea who she or her family are. This person has significant

When you come up with an idea that you believe to be your own but really was something you heard from somewhere else, you have

According to Freud, we do not remember our own birth because

According to Miller, how many pieces of information can we hold in the STM?

Most people in their fifties can remember where they were when John F. Kennedy was assassinated. This type of memory is known as a _______________ memory.

At the beginning of the school year, you keep calling your social studies teacher by the name of your social studies teacher from last year. You are experiencing

What happened to Henry Molaison (H.M.) that caused his memory impairment?

When given a list of words, people tend to remember the first and last few words in a recall task. This is known as the

The _________________ is most responsible for implicit memories, such as procedural and classically conditioned memories.