Chapter 6 Quiz Cscs
CSCS chapter 6 the adaptations due to aerobic training exercise in the lungs and heart.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
One of the most widely accepted measures of cardio respiratory fitness is ___________, the greatest amount of oxygen that can be used at the cellular level for the entire body.
- A.
Maximum Oxygen Uptake
- B.
Maximum Heart Rate
- C.
Maximum Cardiac Output
- D.
Total Peripheral resistance
Correct Answer
A. Maximum Oxygen UptakeExplanation
Maximum Oxygen Uptake is the correct answer because it is the measure of the greatest amount of oxygen that can be utilized by the body at the cellular level. This measure is commonly used to assess an individual's cardio respiratory fitness, as it reflects the efficiency of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in delivering oxygen to the working muscles during exercise. The higher the maximum oxygen uptake, the better the individual's aerobic capacity and overall fitness level.Rate this question:
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- 2.
_______________ and _______________ are primary mechanisms for regulating regional blood flow.
Correct Answer
vasoconstrition, vasodilationExplanation
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation are primary mechanisms for regulating regional blood flow. Vasoconstriction refers to the narrowing of blood vessels, which reduces blood flow to a specific region. On the other hand, vasodilation refers to the widening of blood vessels, which increases blood flow to a specific region. These mechanisms play a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure, redistributing blood flow to different organs based on their needs, and regulating body temperature.Rate this question:
- 3.
Which of these are NOT considered anatomical dead space in the pulmonary system.
- A.
Trachea
- B.
Bronchi
- C.
Bronchioles
- D.
Alveoli
Correct Answer
D. AlveoliExplanation
The alveoli are not considered anatomical dead space in the pulmonary system because they are the site of gas exchange in the lungs. Dead space refers to the areas of the respiratory system where gas exchange does not occur, such as the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. In contrast, the alveoli are tiny air sacs where oxygen is taken up by the blood and carbon dioxide is released. Therefore, the alveoli cannot be considered anatomical dead space.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Increases in maximal cardiac output from long term aerobic endurance training result mainly from ____________
Correct Answer
improved stroke volume
greater stroke volume
increased stroke volumeExplanation
The correct answer is improved stroke volume, greater stroke volume, increased stroke volume. Long term aerobic endurance training leads to improvements in stroke volume, which is the amount of blood pumped by the heart with each beat. This improvement is achieved through various mechanisms such as increased left ventricular size, enhanced contractility of the heart muscle, and improved filling of the ventricles. As a result, the heart is able to pump more blood per beat, leading to an increase in maximal cardiac output.Rate this question:
- 5.
True or False: Adaptations to aerobic exercise include both an increase in size and the number of mitochondria and increases in myoglobin content of cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Adaptations to aerobic exercise include both an increase in size and the number of mitochondria and increases in myoglobin content of cells. This is because aerobic exercise requires more oxygen to be delivered to the muscles, and mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the presence of oxygen. Increasing the number and size of mitochondria allows for more efficient energy production. Additionally, myoglobin is a protein that binds to oxygen in the muscles, increasing its content helps in the delivery of oxygen to the muscles during exercise. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
True or False: Prolonged moderate intensity long distance running is essential in order to train the cardiovascular endurance
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Prolonged moderate intensity long distance running is not essential to train cardiovascular endurance. While it can be an effective method, there are various other exercises and activities that can also improve cardiovascular endurance. High-intensity interval training, circuit training, and even certain sports like swimming or cycling can also help improve cardiovascular endurance. The key is to engage in activities that elevate the heart rate and challenge the cardiovascular system consistently over time.Rate this question:
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- 7.
How do you determine a person's Maximum Heart Rate?
Correct Answer
220-age
max HR=220-ageExplanation
The maximum heart rate can be determined by subtracting a person's age from 220. This formula is commonly used to estimate the maximum heart rate, which is the highest number of times the heart can beat in one minute during maximum physical exertion. This formula is a general guideline and may not be accurate for everyone, as individual factors such as fitness level and underlying health conditions can influence maximum heart rate.Rate this question:
- 8.
Increased tidal volume provides for ____________ ventilation than increasing breathing frequency alone
- A.
More efficient
- B.
Less efficient
- C.
No change in efficiency of
Correct Answer
A. More efficientExplanation
Increasing tidal volume refers to taking in larger breaths, while increasing breathing frequency refers to taking more breaths per minute. When tidal volume is increased, more air is exchanged in each breath, allowing for a greater amount of oxygen to enter the lungs and carbon dioxide to be expelled. This results in more efficient ventilation, as a larger volume of air is being moved in and out of the lungs with each breath. In contrast, increasing breathing frequency alone without increasing tidal volume would not result in the same level of efficiency in ventilation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Movement of Oxygen and Carbon DI Oxide across the cell membrane is called
- A.
Osmosis
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Electron coupling
- D.
Active transport
Correct Answer
B. DiffusionExplanation
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the context of the question, oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules move across the cell membrane through diffusion. This is because there is a concentration gradient between the higher concentration of these gases in the external environment and the lower concentration inside the cell. Therefore, diffusion is the correct answer as it accurately describes the passive movement of these gases across the cell membrane.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Oxygen in the blood is NOT carried by
- A.
Hemoglobin
- B.
Dissolved in plasma
- C.
Platelets
Correct Answer
C. PlateletsExplanation
Platelets are not responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood. Platelets are actually involved in blood clotting and the formation of blood clots to prevent excessive bleeding. Oxygen is primarily carried in the blood by hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen molecules and transports them throughout the body. Additionally, a small amount of oxygen can also be dissolved in the plasma, the liquid component of the blood.Rate this question:
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- 11.
______________, a slower heart rate, can be observed in highly conditioned endurance athletes.
Correct Answer
bradycardiaExplanation
Bradycardia refers to a slower heart rate, which can be observed in highly conditioned endurance athletes. This is because their hearts have become more efficient at pumping blood, allowing them to maintain the same level of oxygen delivery with fewer heartbeats. As a result, their resting heart rate is lower compared to individuals who are not as physically fit. This adaptation is a beneficial physiological response to regular endurance training.Rate this question:
- 12.
Metabolic energy stores such as: ATP, CP, Glycogen and triglycerides _________ in response to aerobic endurance training adaptations
Correct Answer
increaseExplanation
During aerobic endurance training, the body adapts to the increased demand for energy by increasing its metabolic energy stores. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the immediate source of energy for muscle contractions, and its levels increase to meet the demand. CP (creatine phosphate) is another high-energy molecule that can quickly regenerate ATP, and its levels also increase. Glycogen, a stored form of glucose in muscles and liver, is broken down to provide energy during exercise, and its storage capacity increases with training. Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a long-term energy source during endurance exercise, and their stores also increase.Rate this question:
- 13.
_____________ is a protein that transports oxygen within a cell
- A.
Lysosome
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Hemoglobin
- D.
Myoglobin
Correct Answer
D. MyoglobinExplanation
Myoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen within a cell. It is found in muscle cells and is responsible for storing and releasing oxygen as needed during muscle contraction. Myoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than hemoglobin, which allows it to efficiently transport oxygen in low-oxygen environments, such as during intense physical activity. Lysosomes and mitochondria are organelles involved in different cellular functions and do not play a role in oxygen transport.Rate this question:
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- 14.
______________ fibers have a higher pre-existing initial aerobic capacity
Correct Answer
type 1
Type 1Explanation
Type 1 fibers have a higher pre-existing initial aerobic capacity compared to other types of fibers. These fibers are also known as slow-twitch fibers and are characterized by their ability to sustain long-duration, low-intensity activities. Type 1 fibers contain a higher number of mitochondria, which are responsible for aerobic energy production. This allows them to efficiently use oxygen to generate energy, making them well-suited for endurance activities. On the other hand, type 2 fibers, also known as fast-twitch fibers, have a higher capacity for anaerobic activities and generate more force but fatigue more quickly.Rate this question:
- 15.
True or false: cartilage can benefit from moderate intensity endurance training if the athlete uses limited range of motion.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Cartilage does not have a direct blood supply, and therefore, it relies on synovial fluid for nutrients and waste removal. Moderate intensity endurance training typically involves repetitive movements and a wide range of motion, which can put excessive stress on the joints and potentially damage the cartilage. Therefore, using a limited range of motion during endurance training would not provide any direct benefits to cartilage.Rate this question:
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- 16.
In an athlete stimulating bone growth does NOT occur in which activity:
- A.
Stair climbing
- B.
Running
- C.
Rowing
- D.
Walking
Correct Answer
D. WalkingExplanation
Walking does not stimulate bone growth as much as the other activities listed. Stair climbing, running, and rowing are weight-bearing exercises that put stress on the bones, which helps stimulate bone growth. Walking is a low-impact activity that does not provide as much stress on the bones, therefore it is not as effective in stimulating bone growth.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which athlete will benefit most from a short duration, high intensity aerobic workout.
- A.
Soccer player
- B.
Cross country runner
- C.
Tennis player
- D.
Hockey player
Correct Answer
D. Hockey playerExplanation
A hockey player will benefit most from a short duration, high intensity aerobic workout because hockey is a sport that requires bursts of intense activity followed by short periods of rest. This type of workout will help improve their cardiovascular endurance, allowing them to maintain a high level of performance throughout a game. Additionally, the short duration of the workout aligns with the quick shifts and fast-paced nature of hockey, making it a more suitable training method for hockey players compared to athletes in other sports such as soccer, cross country running, or tennis.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In experienced runners their VO2 max may not improve however their performances may still improve due to _________________
- A.
Better diet
- B.
Improved running economy
- C.
New shoes
- D.
Different surfaces
Correct Answer
B. Improved running economyExplanation
Improved running economy refers to the efficiency of an individual's body in utilizing oxygen while running. Even if experienced runners' VO2 max (maximum oxygen uptake) does not improve, their performances can still improve if they become more efficient in using the available oxygen. This can be achieved through better running form, increased muscle strength, and improved neuromuscular coordination. Therefore, improved running economy can lead to better performances despite no change in VO2 max.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Aerobic endurance training results in:
- A.
Increased Maximum Oxygen uptake
- B.
Lower blood lactate concentration
- C.
Improved enzyme activity
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Aerobic endurance training is known to have several positive effects on the body. It increases maximum oxygen uptake, which means the body becomes more efficient at using oxygen during exercise. This leads to improved endurance and performance. Additionally, aerobic endurance training helps to lower blood lactate concentration, reducing fatigue and allowing for longer periods of exercise. Finally, it also improves enzyme activity, which aids in the breakdown of nutrients for energy production. Therefore, all of the given statements are correct and are the positive outcomes of aerobic endurance training.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Increases in pulmonary ventilation and increases in cardiac output are the primary adjustments that occur early in acclimation process of ______________ training
Correct Answer
altitudeExplanation
During acclimation to altitude training, the body undergoes several adjustments to adapt to the decreased oxygen levels in the air. One of the primary adjustments is an increase in pulmonary ventilation, which refers to the increased rate and depth of breathing to take in more oxygen. This helps to compensate for the lower oxygen availability at higher altitudes. Additionally, there is an increase in cardiac output, which is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. This adjustment ensures that sufficient oxygen is delivered to the muscles and organs despite the reduced oxygen pressure at altitude.Rate this question:
- 21.
True or false: Hyperoxic breathing drastically increases arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Hyperoxic breathing refers to breathing in an oxygen-rich environment. While it may seem intuitive that this would increase arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation, the answer is actually false. Breathing in excess oxygen does not drastically increase arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation because the body has regulatory mechanisms in place to maintain a stable level of oxygen saturation. The body's oxygen-carrying capacity is already maximized under normal conditions, so breathing in extra oxygen does not significantly increase saturation levels.Rate this question:
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- 22.
_________________ is done by athletes in order to try and maximize amount of oxygen that can be carried to cells by improving their bodies red blood cell count.
Correct Answer
blood dopingExplanation
Blood doping is a practice used by athletes to increase their red blood cell count, which in turn allows for more oxygen to be carried to the cells. This can enhance athletic performance by improving endurance and stamina. Blood doping can be achieved through various methods, such as transfusing one's own blood, using blood substitutes, or taking medications that stimulate red blood cell production. However, it is important to note that blood doping is considered unethical and illegal in most sports competitions due to its potential health risks and unfair advantage.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 08, 2010Quiz Created by
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