Chapter 2 Quiz Cscs

The correct answer is oxidative because an event that lasts for more than 3 minutes and has a light intensity requires the use of the oxidative energy system. The oxidative system utilizes oxygen to produce energy through the breakdown of carbohydrates and fats. This system is more efficient and sustainable for longer duration activities compared to the other energy systems mentioned (phosphagen and fast glycolysis), which are better suited for shorter and more intense activities.

Catabolism refers to the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones, while anabolism is the process of synthesizing larger molecules from smaller ones. This distinction is important in understanding how cells obtain energy and build complex molecules. Catabolism releases energy by breaking down molecules like glucose, while anabolism requires energy to build molecules like proteins. Together, these processes maintain the balance of energy and molecules in the cell.

The phosphagen system is the primary energy system for short-duration, high-intensity activities lasting up to 6 seconds. It involves the breakdown of stored phosphocreatine to rapidly produce ATP, providing a quick burst of energy. This system is utilized in activities such as sprinting, weightlifting, and jumping. Fast glycolysis and oxidative systems are used for longer duration and lower intensity activities.

Metabolic acidosis refers to a condition where there is an excess accumulation of acid or a decrease in bicarbonate levels in the body. In the context of exercise, metabolic acidosis occurs due to the increased production of lactic acid during intense physical activity. This accumulation of acid leads to a decrease in the pH of the body, causing peripheral fatigue. Therefore, metabolic acidosis is the most appropriate explanation for the exercise-induced decrease in pH and peripheral fatigue.

Interval training allows athletes to work at higher intensities with the same or less fatigue when compared to training at the same relative intensity. This is because interval training involves alternating between periods of high-intensity exercise and periods of rest or lower-intensity exercise. By incorporating periods of rest or lower intensity, interval training allows athletes to recover and replenish their energy stores, enabling them to sustain higher intensities during the high-intensity intervals. This type of training also improves cardiovascular fitness, increases aerobic capacity, and enhances the body's ability to tolerate and recover from high-intensity exercise.

Beta oxidation is the process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria to generate ATP. This process is slower compared to other energy systems such as the phosphagen system and glycolysis. However, it is an important energy system for long-duration activities as it can produce a large amount of ATP from fat stores. The statement suggests that beta oxidation results in the formation of 129 ATP molecules, indicating its efficiency in energy production.

The correct answer is muscle. The explanation for this answer is that glycogen is stored in the muscles and serves as a fuel source during exercise. When exercise intensity is high, the muscles require more energy, leading to a faster depletion of glycogen stores. Therefore, glycogen depletion is directly related to the intensity of the exercise, and the primary site of glycogen depletion is the muscle tissue.

The correct answer is Adenosine triphosphatase, ATPase. Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. ATPase helps in the breakdown of ATP into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, releasing energy that can be used by cells for various metabolic processes.

Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is the process the body goes through in order to remove the oxygen debt created during exercise and return the body to its normal state. After intense exercise, the body continues to consume oxygen at an elevated rate to restore depleted energy stores, remove lactic acid, and repair damaged tissues. This increased oxygen consumption leads to an elevated metabolic rate and calorie burn even after the exercise has ended. EPOC plays a crucial role in recovery and helps the body recover from the stress of exercise.

The Cori Cycle is a metabolic pathway that occurs in the liver and muscles. It involves the conversion of lactate, which is produced during anaerobic respiration, back into glucose. This process allows for the recycling of lactate and the production of glucose, which can be used as an energy source. The Cori Cycle is particularly important during periods of intense exercise when muscles produce large amounts of lactate. The lactate is then transported to the liver where it is converted back into glucose and released into the bloodstream to be used by other tissues.

Fast Glycolysis is the correct answer because it is the primary energy system that provides energy for high-intensity activities lasting between 30 seconds to 2 minutes. During fast glycolysis, glucose is broken down quickly to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells. This energy system is efficient for short bursts of intense activity, such as sprinting or weightlifting, where a large amount of energy is needed in a short period of time.

The correct answer is Phosphagen System, Glycolysis, and Oxidative System. These three energy systems exist in muscle cells to replenish ATP. The Phosphagen System involves the breakdown of creatine phosphate to produce ATP quickly during short bursts of intense activity. Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen. The Oxidative System utilizes oxygen to produce ATP through the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. These systems work together to provide energy for different types and durations of exercise.

Combination training refers to a training program that combines both strength and endurance exercises. While combination training has been shown to be beneficial for endurance athletes, there is limited evidence to suggest that it leads to increases in muscle girth and speed for power athletes. Power athletes typically focus on strength training to improve their explosive power and speed. Therefore, the statement that combination training is beneficial for power athletes is false.

The event duration of 2-3 minutes and moderate intensity suggest that the primary energy systems used will be Fast Glycolysis and Oxidative. Fast Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP quickly, providing energy for short bursts of intense activity. Oxidative system, on the other hand, utilizes oxygen to produce ATP and is more efficient for longer duration activities. Since the event falls within the 2-3 minute range, both systems will likely be utilized to meet the energy demands.

ADP has two phosphate groups attached to the Adenosine molecule, while AMP has only one phosphate group attached to the Adenosine molecule. This is because ADP stands for Adenosine Diphosphate, indicating that it has two phosphate groups, whereas AMP stands for Adenosine Monophosphate, indicating that it has only one phosphate group.

Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are a group of essential amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own and must obtain from the diet. Leucine, isoleucine, and valine are three of the nine essential amino acids and are classified as BCAAs. These amino acids are primarily oxidized in the body, meaning they are broken down and used as a source of energy. Tryptophan and proline, on the other hand, are not classified as BCAAs and are not primarily oxidized in the body.

The given answer, Phosphagen and Fast Glycolysis, is the correct answer for the primary energy system(s) that would be utilized during an event with a duration of 6-30 seconds and an intense intensity. Phosphagen system provides immediate energy through the breakdown of stored creatine phosphate, while Fast Glycolysis system utilizes glucose to produce ATP rapidly. These two energy systems are well-suited for short, intense bursts of activity, making them the most appropriate choices for the given duration and intensity of the event.