Chapter 15 Test - The Cold War
Chapter 15, Cold War Materials + Century Videos Materials
- 1.
Study the political cartoon and answer the question. Considering that this political cartoon was published in 1947, it most likely was intended to show support for which of the following policies?- A.
The Marshall Plan
- B.
Containment
- C.
The Iron Curtain
- D.
The founding of NATO
- 2.Which of the following was a result of the German invasion of the Soviet Union?
- A.
The United States immediately sent troops to help defeat Hitler.
- B.
The United States offered military equipment to a country viewed as a potential enemy in order to defeat the greater threat.
- C.
The United States refused to help a country viewed as a potential enemy.
- D.
The United States offered military equipment and financial support to their ally because a mutual aid treaty was in effect.
- 3.World events in the late summer and fall of 1949 caused
- A.
The British and Americans to begin the Berlin Airlift.
- B.
Representatives of 50 nations to form the United Nations.
- C.
The second Red Scare.
- D.
Five nations to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
- 4.“Enlistment for general service implies that the individual may be sent anywhere,—to any ship or station where he is needed. Men on board ship live in particularly close association; in their messes, one man sits beside another; their hammocks or bunks are close together; in their common tasks they work side by side; and in particular tasks such as those of a gun’s crew, they form a closely knit, highly coordinated team. How many white men would choose, of their own accord, that their closest associates in sleeping quarters, at mess, and in a gun’s crew should be of another race? How many would accept such conditions, if required to do so, without resentment and just as a matter of course? The General Board believes that the answer is “Few, if any,” and further believes that if the issue were forced, there would be a lowering of contentment, teamwork and discipline in the service.” —Memo from Chairman of the General Board to the Secretary of the Navy, February 3, 1942 The writer of this memo would most likely advise that
- A.
The armed forces should be desegregated immediately.
- B.
The armed forces should be segregated by race.
- C.
African Americans should be recommended for promotion.
- D.
Requirements for general service should be changed.
- 5.Which of the following was the sequence in which tests of the policy of containment occurred?
- A.
The Korean War, followed by economic aid to Greece, followed by the Berlin Crisis, followed by economic aid to Turkey
- B.
Economic aid to Greece and Turkey, followed by the Berlin Crisis, followed by the Korean War
- C.
Economic aid to Turkey, followed by economic aid to Greece, followed by the Korean War and the Berlin Crisis
- D.
Economic aid to Greece and Turkey, followed by the Korean War, followed by the Berlin Crisis
- 6.What was one effect of the Marshall Plan?
- A.
The Berlin Airlift began and Western Europe emerged from a recession
- B.
The U.S. economy grew and Western Europe became more closely allied with the United States
- C.
The Cold War began and an Iron Curtain descended across Europe
- D.
The United States alienated some Western European countries but defeated the communist governments of Greece and Turkey
- 7.What was one effect of the Berlin Crisis?
- A.
The United Nations was formed
- B.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed
- C.
The United Nations released the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- D.
The United States joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- 8.Which of the following events helped fuel the second Red Scare?
- A.
Chiang Kai-shek’s takeover of China
- B.
The formation of the House Un-American Activities Committee
- C.
Soviet detonation of an atomic bomb
- D.
The passage of the Smith Act
- 9.“Six years ago, . . . there was within the Soviet orbit, 180,000,000 people. Lined up on the antitotalitarian side there were in the world at that time, roughly 1,625,000,000 people. Today, only six years later, there are 80,000,000,000 people under the absolute domination of Soviet Russia—an increase of over 400 percent. On our side, the figure has shrunk to around 500,000. In other words, in less than six years, the odds have changed from 9 to 1 in our favor to 8 to 1 against us. “This indicates the swiftness of the tempo of Communist victories and American defeats in the cold war. As one of our outstanding historical figures once said, “When a great democracy is destroyed, it will not be from enemies from without, but rather because of enemies from within.” . . . “The reason why we find ourselves in a position of impotency is not because our only powerful potential enemy has sent men to invade our shores . . . but rather because of the traitorous actions of those who have been treated so well by this Nation. It has not been the less fortunate, or members of minority groups who have been traitorous to this Nation, but rather those who have had all the benefits that the wealthiest Nation on earth has had to offer . . . the finest homes, the finest college education and the finest jobs in government we can give. “This is glaringly true in the State Department. There the bright young men who are born with silver spoons in their mouths are the ones who have been most traitorous . . .” —Speech of Joseph McCarthy, Wheeling, West Virginia, February 9, 1950 What is the most likely reason that Senator McCarthy’s speech made him so popular with the American people?
- A.
He offered an explanation of world events that made Americans nervous.
- B.
He offered proof that the United States was in grave danger.
- C.
He had helped identify the Soviet spy Alger Hiss.
- D.
He defended the character of the American people.
- 10.Why was the conflict in Korea called a police action?
- A.
The United States sent police officers to keep the peace.
- B.
The United Nations did not have the power to declare war.
- C.
South Korea did not have a military.
- D.
The United States never officially declared war.
- 11.U.S. actions in China after World War II demonstrated that the United States
- A.
Was willing to support corrupt governments in order to stop the spread of communism.
- B.
Had poor intelligence from China.
- C.
Was not concerned with the spread of communism in Asia.
- D.
Was committed to enforcing disarmament treaties.
- 12.The foreign policy that aimed to stop communism from spreading was called
- A.
The Iron Curtain.
- B.
Containment.
- C.
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.
- D.
The International Monetary Fund.
- 13.Why did President Truman fire General Douglas MacArthur?
- A.
MacArthur made public statements challenging the authority of the president.
- B.
MacArthur refused to expand the fighting into China.
- C.
MacArthur welcomed the Chinese government to Korea.
- D.
MacArthur was a war hero from World War II.
- 14.What did HUAC investigate in the 1950s?
- A.
Domestic Communist threats
- B.
The possibility of creating a worldwide currency
- C.
Chiang Kai-shek’s government
- D.
President Truman’s firing of General Douglas MacArthur
- 15.What kept the U.S. economy strong after World War II?
- A.
The demand for military supplies dropped sharply.
- B.
The government controlled industrial production after the war.
- C.
The demand for consumer goods rose sharply after the war.
- D.
Labor unrest escalated.
- 16.Which of the following represented one of the first efforts of the United Nations to fulfill its mission?
- A.
Founding of the World Bank
- B.
Creation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- C.
Adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- D.
Creation of the Peace Corps
- 17.The staggering number of casualties in the final two months of the Korean War showed that
- A.
The UN forces were inferior to the Communist forces.
- B.
Both sides were willing to lose many soldiers to gain a small amount of territory.
- C.
Both sides protected civilian lives.
- D.
President Truman had been right to fire General MacArthur.
- 18.Why was Joseph McCarthy able to wage a successful anti-Communist campaign?
- A.
He provided evidence to back up his accusations.
- B.
Americans were looking for someone to blame for recent Communist victories.
- C.
Truman appointed him to head an anti-Communist task force.
- D.
He was an honest and trustworthy senator.
- 19.Why did the United States and Britain begin the Berlin airlift?
- A.
To prevent all of Germany from becoming Communist
- B.
To prevent all of Berlin from becoming Communist
- C.
To rescue Allied troops trapped in Berlin
- D.
To implement the Marshall Plan
- 20.How might a member of Congress in 1950 have defended the passage of the McCarran Act?
- A.
Military buildup is necessary to protect against the Communist threat.
- B.
Freedom of speech should be protected at all costs.
- C.
It makes sense to punish people for their thoughts before they act on them.
- D.
Some infringement on individual rights is necessary to protect the nation.
- 21.Why was the United States able to implement the Marshall Plan after World War II?
- A.
The country did not suffer the economic devastation that European countries faced.
- B.
The country had received aid throughout the war from Britain and France.
- C.
The country had taken control of profitable German industries.
- D.
The U.S. military suffered few losses during the war.
- 22.Where were details of the armistice agreement that ended the Korean War negotiated?
- A.
Panmunjom
- B.
Seoul
- C.
Inchon
- D.
Pusan
- 23.What effect did Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech have on the tensions of the Cold War?
- A.
It heightened tensions because Stalin used the speech as an excuse to spend Soviet resources on rebuilding the military.
- B.
It heightened tensions because Churchill advocated continuing the Manhattan Project.
- C.
It reduced the possibility of war because an Iron Curtain separated Eastern and Western Europe.
- D.
It reduced the possibility of war because Stalin backed down in the face of this British criticism.
- 24.After World War II many people believed that solving economic problems would help ensure world peace.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.George F. Kennan created a foreign policy known as containment.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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