Chapter 11 Section 2 Review: Imperialism

1. The Berlin Conference was held to...

Stop Russian expansion

Evacuate Britain from India

Divide Africa up equally to avoid war

Decide how to divide Australia without war.

The Berlin Conference was held in 1884-1885 with the aim of dividing Africa among European powers to avoid potential conflicts and wars over territorial claims. The conference established rules for the colonization of Africa, including the principle of effective occupation, which allowed European powers to claim territories by demonstrating their ability to control and develop them. This division of Africa resulted in the colonization and exploitation of the continent by European powers, leading to significant social, political, and economic consequences for Africa and its people.

Explanation

The Berlin Conference was held in 1884-1885 with the aim of dividing Africa among European powers to avoid potential conflicts and wars over territorial claims. The conference established rules for the colonization of Africa, including the principle of effective occupation, which allowed European powers to claim territories by demonstrating their ability to control and develop them. This division of Africa resulted in the colonization and exploitation of the continent by European powers, leading to significant social, political, and economic consequences for Africa and its people.

2. What was not an effective motive of Imperialism?

Reliable sources of raw materials

Strategic sites on world sea lanes

Spiritual motives

Land for migrants from an increasing European population

The correct answer is spiritual motives. This is because imperialism was primarily driven by economic and strategic interests, such as acquiring reliable sources of raw materials and securing strategic sites on world sea lanes. The desire for land to accommodate the growing European population was also a significant motive. However, spiritual motives, such as spreading religious beliefs, did not play a significant role in driving imperialism.

Explanation

The correct answer is spiritual motives. This is because imperialism was primarily driven by economic and strategic interests, such as acquiring reliable sources of raw materials and securing strategic sites on world sea lanes. The desire for land to accommodate the growing European population was also a significant motive. However, spiritual motives, such as spreading religious beliefs, did not play a significant role in driving imperialism.

3. The main imperialist power(s) that controlled Africa was

Britain

Portugal

France

Both a and c

Both Britain and France were the main imperialist powers that controlled Africa. Britain had a significant presence in Africa, with colonies such as South Africa, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), and Kenya. France also had a strong colonial empire in Africa, with territories like Algeria, Senegal, and Ivory Coast. These two powers played a major role in the colonization and exploitation of African resources during the era of imperialism. Portugal also had some colonies in Africa, but its influence and control were not as extensive as that of Britain and France.

Explanation

Both Britain and France were the main imperialist powers that controlled Africa. Britain had a significant presence in Africa, with colonies such as South Africa, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), and Kenya. France also had a strong colonial empire in Africa, with territories like Algeria, Senegal, and Ivory Coast. These two powers played a major role in the colonization and exploitation of African resources during the era of imperialism. Portugal also had some colonies in Africa, but its influence and control were not as extensive as that of Britain and France.