Business Quiz: Employee Motivation For Quality Production

2.

According to Herzberg, a sense of achievement, earned recognition, and interest in the work itself were:

Important motivators
Hygiene factors
Ways for workers to meet their social needs
Consistent with his Theory X approach to motivation

Correct Answer

A. Important motivators

Explanation

According to Herzberg, a sense of achievement, earned recognition, and interest in the work itself are considered important motivators. Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory suggests that these factors are intrinsic motivators that can lead to job satisfaction and motivation. In contrast, hygiene factors are external factors such as salary, job security, and working conditions that, when lacking, can lead to dissatisfaction but do not necessarily motivate individuals. Therefore, the correct answer is important motivators, as these factors align with Herzberg's theory of motivation.

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3.

Which of the following statements about cultural differences in the workplace is most accurate?

The best way to deal with cultural differences in the workplace is to treat everyone the same way
Cultural differences were once a major problem, but television, telecommunications, e-mail, and the Internet have brought people closer together and greatly reduced cultural differences
Managers must be very aware of cultural differences and recognize that different employees may respond best to different management adn motivational styles
Only firms that hire a lot of foreign-born workers are likely to have problems dealing with cultural differences. Workers born in the United States tend to have a common set of values and attitudes, regardless of age or social background

Correct Answer

A. Managers must be very aware of cultural differences and recognize that different employees may respond best to different management adn motivational styles

Explanation

Cultural differences in the workplace require managers to be aware of these differences and adapt their management and motivational styles accordingly. Different employees may come from different cultural backgrounds and have different preferences and expectations. Therefore, treating everyone the same way may not be effective in managing a diverse workforce. Managers need to be sensitive to cultural differences and adjust their approach to accommodate the needs and preferences of individual employees. This will help create a more inclusive and productive work environment.

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4.

At Quatritech International, employees tend to work with little direct supervision. They are expected to use creativity and imagination on the job because management believes they are committed and professional workers. The management style at Quatritech reflect _______ attitudes about workers.

Theory C
Theory D
Theory X
Theory Y

Correct Answer

A. Theory Y

Explanation

The management style at Quatritech International reflects Theory Y attitudes about workers. Theory Y suggests that employees are self-motivated, responsible, and enjoy their work. They are believed to be creative, imaginative, and capable of taking initiative. The fact that employees at Quatritech work with little direct supervision and are expected to use creativity and imagination on the job indicates that the management believes in the positive qualities and abilities of their workers, which aligns with Theory Y.

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5.

According to Maslow, a higher order need:

Always provides greater motivation than a lower order need
Never provides as much motivation as a lower order need
Becomes a source of motivation after lower order needs are satisfied
Contributes directly to the physical survival of the individual

Correct Answer

A. Becomes a source of motivation after lower order needs are satisfied

Explanation

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, higher order needs such as self-esteem, love, and self-actualization become a source of motivation only after lower order needs like physiological needs (food, water, shelter), safety needs, and social needs are satisfied. This means that individuals are more likely to be motivated by fulfilling their basic needs before they can focus on fulfilling higher order needs. Once lower order needs are met, higher order needs become important and can provide motivation for personal growth and self-fulfillment.

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6.

Ramon works at Chicago Medical Instruments. His job was recently redefined so that he now has more flexibility in the hours he works and more say in the procedures used on the job. This suggests that Chicago Medical Instruments is trying to change Ramon's job so that it has more:

Feedback
Autonomy
Task identity
Task significance

Correct Answer

A. Autonomy

Explanation

The correct answer is autonomy. The passage states that Ramon's job has been redefined to give him more flexibility in the hours he works and more say in the procedures used on the job. This indicates that Chicago Medical Instruments is trying to change Ramon's job in a way that gives him more control and independence, which is the definition of autonomy.

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7.

Which of the following statements is the best description of how scientific management viewed workers?

Workers are like machines that must be programmed to perform in a certain way
Most workers are creative and intelligent individuals who should be given a great deal of freedom and flexibility in how they perform their jobs
Workers will only exert their maximum effort if they believe that their goals are attainable
Workers are individuals who do not respond in the same way to a particular management style

Correct Answer

A. Workers are like machines that must be programmed to perform in a certain way

Explanation

Scientific management viewed workers as being similar to machines that needed to be programmed and controlled in order to perform their tasks efficiently and effectively. This approach emphasized standardization, efficiency, and strict control over workers' actions and behaviors. It aimed to eliminate variability and maximize productivity by closely monitoring and directing workers' actions. This perspective did not consider workers as creative or intelligent individuals who should be given autonomy or flexibility in their job performance. Instead, it treated them as replaceable parts of a larger system, with little consideration for their individual differences or potential for growth.

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8.

_______ is a system of goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion, review, and evaluation of objectives among top and middle managers, supervisors, and workers.

Objective planning
Management by objectives
The three step planning system
Cyclical objective analysis

Correct Answer

A. Management by objectives

Explanation

Management by objectives is a system of goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion, review, and evaluation of objectives among top and middle managers, supervisors, and workers. This approach focuses on setting clear and specific objectives, aligning them with organizational goals, and regularly reviewing and evaluating progress towards those objectives. It promotes employee involvement and accountability in the goal-setting process, leading to increased motivation and performance.

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9.

The most important impact of the Hawthorne studies was that it:

Helped managers find the level of lighting associated with optimum productivity
Showed that workers could be programmed like machines to perform simple repetitive tasks, and thus led to the development of assembly lines
Changed the direction of research away from Taylor's scientific management toward the study of human-based management
Showed that physical working conditions haveno impact on worker happiness

Correct Answer

A. Changed the direction of research away from Taylor's scientific management toward the study of human-based management

Explanation

The Hawthorne studies were a series of experiments conducted at the Western Electric Hawthorne Works in Chicago during the 1920s and 1930s. These studies aimed to understand the relationship between workplace conditions and worker productivity. The studies found that productivity increased regardless of changes in lighting, suggesting that factors other than physical working conditions influenced worker performance. This discovery shifted the focus of research from Taylor's scientific management principles, which emphasized efficiency and task-oriented approaches, to the study of human-based management, which emphasized the importance of social and psychological factors in the workplace. Therefore, the correct answer is that the Hawthorne studies changed the direction of research away from Taylor's scientific management toward the study of human-based management.

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10.

According to equity theory, which of the following statements is most accurate?

The best way to motivate workers is to offer everyone the same reward
Workers perceptions of fairness will affect their level of motivation
Workers generally do a good job of estimating their contributions to a firm
In the United States, workers tend to focus on their own situation and pay a little attention to the efforts and rewards of other workers

Correct Answer

A. Workers perceptions of fairness will affect their level of motivation

Explanation

Workers' perceptions of fairness will affect their level of motivation. This is in line with equity theory, which suggests that individuals compare their input (effort, skills, etc.) and output (rewards, recognition, etc.) to those of others in order to determine if they are being treated fairly. If workers perceive that they are being treated unfairly in comparison to their colleagues, it can lead to feelings of demotivation and dissatisfaction. On the other hand, if they perceive fairness in the distribution of rewards, it can enhance their motivation and job satisfaction.

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Business Quiz: Employee Motivation For Quality Production

Weldon Task has just successfully negotiated a new long-term sales agreement with a major client. The personal satisfaction Weldon has about his efforts is his ______ reward.

Quiz Preview

According to Herzberg, a sense of achievement, earned recognition, and interest in the work itself were:

Which of the following statements about cultural differences in the workplace is most accurate?

At Quatritech International, employees tend to work with little direct supervision. They are expected to use creativity and imagination on the job because management believes they are committed and professional workers. The management style at Quatritech reflect _______ attitudes about workers.

According to Maslow, a higher order need:

Ramon works at Chicago Medical Instruments. His job was recently redefined so that he now has more flexibility in the hours he works and more say in the procedures used on the job. This suggests that Chicago Medical Instruments is trying to change Ramon's job so that it has more:

Which of the following statements is the best description of how scientific management viewed workers?

_______ is a system of goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion, review, and evaluation of objectives among top and middle managers, supervisors, and workers.

The most important impact of the Hawthorne studies was that it:

According to equity theory, which of the following statements is most accurate?