Ch.18 Urinary System

1. How many kidneys are in the urinary system

1

2

4

2. Which body organ filters blood and produces urine AS a by-product of waste material?

LIVER

Spleen

Kidney

Pancreas

3. THE AP proj may be obtained with the pt either supine or upright

True

False

4. Scout rad. are most often obtained w/ the pt supine

True

False

5. What is the function of urinary system

Regulate nitrogen

Production of urine;elimination

Regulate water

Reservoir for urine

6. Which renal structures are not demonstrated during retrograde urographic examinations?

Ureters

Nephrons

Minor calyces

Major calyces

7. For excretory urography,what should an adult patient do just before getting on the examination table

Empty the bladder

Remove all jewelry.

Drink 12 ounces of cold water.

Drink 12 ounces of carbonated beverage

8. Which renal structure filters the blood?

Glomerulus

Major calyx

Efferent arteriole

Afferent arteriole

9. A POSTVOIDING RAD IS USUALLY THE LAST RAD. TAKEN TO DEM WHICH STRUCTURE ?

URETERS

BLADDER

KIDNEYS

10. What is the name of the opening on the medial border of a kidney

Pole

Base

Apex

Hilium

11. Which urinary excretory duct conveys urine from the bladder to outside the body

Ureter

Urethra

Efferent arteriole

Afferent arteriole

12. To which the level of the pt should the CR enter 4 the AP axial for bladder

The IC

2" above the upper border of pubic symphysis

2" below the upper border of the Pubic symphysis

13. At which vertebral level is the"superior border of the kidlneys usually found

T10

T12

L2

L4

14. What is the function of the bladder

Remove nitrogen

Production of urine;elimination

Regulate water

Reservoir for urine

15. What identifies the typical contrast media currently used in excretory urography.

Ionic & nonionic

Iodinated

Injectable

All of the above

16. For cystourethrography with an adult male patient. which of the following should be used to obtain a radiograph while the patient is urinating

Recumbent PAprojection

Dorsal decubitus position

Lateral decubitus position

Recumbent AP oblique projection

17. How soon after the injection of a contrast medium are symptoms of reaction most likely to occur?

Within 5 min

Btwn 5-10

More than 10

18. How much can the bladder be filled?

200 mL

250 mL

450 mL

500 mL

19. -;:.wch of the following is an excretory examination used to demonstrate the upper urinary tract?

Cystourethrography

Retrograde urography

Intravenous urography

Retrograde cystography

20. Which projection best demonstrates the mobility of the kidneys?

AP projection with the patient supine

AP projection with the patient upright

Lateral projection with the patient lateral recumbent

Lateral projection with the patient in dorsal decubitus position

21. Which condition would most likely be demonstrated during voiding cystography

Renal cyst

Renal calculi

Ureteral reflux

Hydronephrosis

22. -;:.'hich examination has the ability to produce a radi- "'graphic image demonstrating renal cortical tissue well saturated with contrast medium?

Cystourethrography

Retrograde urography

Intravenous urography

Retrograde cystography

23. For cystourethrography with an adult male patient, to which level of the patient should the IR be centered

T12 vertebra

L3 vertebra

L5 vertebra

Pubic symphysis

24. In intravenous urography, what is the purpose of applying compression pads over the distal ends of both ureters?

To demonstrate ureteral reflux

To demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys

To retard the flow of opacified urine into the bladder

To retard the flow of opacified urine from the bladder

25. HOW LONG AFTER COMPLETETION OF THE CONTRAST MEDIUM INJECTION DOES THE CONTRAST AGENT USUALLY BEGIN TO APPEAR IN THE RENAL PELVIS

30 SEC TO 1 MIN

2-8 MIN

10-14 MIN

15-20 MIN

26. Radiograph of renal pelves/calyces (IVP)

Renal plasty

Pyelography

Urography

Fluoro ivp

27. How many degrees should the patient be rotated for AP oblique projections, posterior oblique positions, during excretory urography?

15

30

45

30-45

28. For intravenous urography of a child, what should the patient be given when the scout radiograph shows an excessive amount of intestinal gas overlying the kidneys

A laxative

A cleansing enema

12 ounces of iced water

12 ounces of carbonated beverag

29. For the AP axial projection of the bladder, how many degrees and in which direction should the central ra~ be directed?

15 degrees caudal

15 degrees cephalic

25 degrees caudal

25 degrees cephalic

30. How should the CR be directed to best dem. the prostrate?

Caudally

Cephalically

Perp.

31. For retrograde cystography, which projection should be performed to demonstrate the anterior and posterior walls of the bladder?

Upright AP projection

Recumbent AP projection

Direct lateral projection

AP projection, lateral decubitus position

32. With reference to the pubic bones where should the bladder neck be seen in AP obl retro cyst?

Above

Below

To left

To righty

33. Where should the IR be for LATERAL cystogram?

At the IC

At the PS

2 above the IC

2 above PS

34. What is the purposeof obtaining an AP projection radiograph of the kidneys 30 seconds after the bolus injection of a contrast medium in excretory urography?

To demonstrate ureteral reflux

To demonstrate opacified renal cortex

To demonstrate opacified renal arteries

To demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys

35. What is the purpose of tilting the patient and table 15 to 20 degrees toward the Trendelenburg position for the AP projection during excretory urography?

To demonstrate distal ureters

To demonstrate opacified renal cortex

To demonstrate the base of the bladder

To demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys

36. How many degrees the should the pt be rotated 4 obl 4 retro cyst?

10-15

20-30

40-60

37. General term for IVU

Pyelography

Urography

Intravenous

IVP

38. Which of the following is not a reason for obtaining a scout radiograph with the patient recumbent for excretory urography

To evaluate exposure factors

To demonstrate urinary calculi

To determine the location of the kidneys

To demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys

39. Which 2 terms refer to the exretory urogram exam?

Cystourethrography and retrograde urography

Cystourethrography and intravaneous pyelography

Intravaneous urography & retrograde urography

Intravaneous urography & intravaneous pyelography

40. What is the purpose of tilting the table 10 to 15 degrees toward the Trendelenburg position for retrograde urography

To demonstrate the ureters

To demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys

To produce a nephrogram effect in the kidneys

To prevent contrast medium from escaping the kidneys

41. Which examination requires that the patient be placed on a special urographic-radiographic examination table?

Cystourethrography

Retrograde urography

Intravenous urography

Retrograde cystography

42. What is the purpose of raising the head of the table 35 to 40 degrees for retrograde urography

To demonstrate the ureters

To position the patient for catheterization

To produce a nephrogram effect in the kidneys

To prevent contrast medium from escaping the kidneys

43. What is the function of the kidneys

Regulate nitrogen

Regulate water

Reservoir for urine

Regulate elctrolyte levels

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44. Circle 5 reasons AP proj w/ pt recumbent are performed as the scout rad?

To dem the bladd

To id the loc of kidney

To dem presence of calculi

To dem the contour of kid

To ck the rad exposure factors

To dem mobility of kidneys

To exam for radiopaque artifacts

To det how well the pt's GI tract was cleansed

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