The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood Ph. This is made possible through the various parts of the system. Take the Block 6 renal physio dr shams w xpl and see how well you know them.
Proximal tubule
Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
Collecting duct
Distal tubule
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Proximal tubule
Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
Collecting duct
Distal tubule
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Proximal tubule
Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
Collecting duct
Distal tubule
Rate this question:
Proximal tubule
Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
Collecting duct
Distal tubule
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Proximal tubule
Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
Collecting duct
Distal tubule
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GFR = 90 mL/min
GFR = 50 mL/min
GFR = 100 mL/min
GFR = 500 mL/min
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90%
95%
99%
99.2%
99.5%
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Elevation of adrenal cortical cAMP levels leading to increased production and secretion of corticosteroids
Elevated hypothalamic cAMP levels resulting in inhibition of the thirst mechanism
Activation of both V2 receptors causing vasoconstriction and V1 receptors leading to urine concentration
Activation of V2 receptors leading to increased water absorption in the collecting duct and activation of V1 receptors causing decreased peripheral resistance
Activation of V2 receptors leading to increased water absorption in the collecting duct and activation of V1 receptors causing increased peripheral resistance
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Activity of the loop diuretic ‐ sensitive Na+‐K+‐2Cl‐ triporter, NKCC2
Basal action of parathyroid hormone PTH
The maintenance of a lumen negative electrical potential difference
Na+/Ca+ exchange
Activity of the thiazide‐sensitive Na+ ‐ Cl‐ cotransporter NCCT
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Stimulation of only alpha adrenergic receptors in the afferent arteriole
Stimulation of only angiotensin II receptors in the afferent arteriole
Stimulation of angiotensin II receptors and activation of stretch activated Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle
Stimulation of both renal alpha adrenergic receptors as well as angiotensin II receptors
Stimulation of renal dopamine and bradykinin receptors
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A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
An inhibitor of ENaC
An inhibitor of Na+‐K+‐2Cl‐ cotransport (NKCC2)
An inhibitor of Na+‐Cl‐ cotransport (NCCT)
An inhibitor of the mineralocorticoid receptor
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Decreased release of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and dilation of afferent arterioles
Afferent arteriolar dilation caused by decreased sympathetic nerve activity
Increased ANP release and constriction of afferent arterioles
Increased release of aldosterone
Increased plasma oncotic pressure
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Inhibition of renal prostaglandin production causing afferent arteriolar constriction
Inhibition of renal prostaglandin production causing efferent arteriolar constriction
Inhibition of renal prostaglandin production causing dilation of efferent arterioles
Stimulation of renal prostaglandin production and reflex arteriolar vasoconstriction
Stimulation of renal prostaglandin production and reflex arteriolar dilatation
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Glomerular endothelial cell
Juxtaglomerular cell
Mesangial cell
Podocyte
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Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
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Constriction of the afferent arteriole
Dilation of the afferent arteriole
Constriction of the efferent arteriole
Dilation of the efferent arteriole
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Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
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Increased baroreceptor firing : decreased sympathetic tone: decreased peripheral resistance: decreased proximal tubule absorption
Increased baroreceptor firing : Increased sympathetic tone: decreased peripheral resistance: decreased proximal tubule absorption
Decreased baroreceptor firing : decreased sympathetic tone: decreased peripheral resistance: decreased proximal tubule absorption
Decreased baroreceptor firing : decreased sympathetic tone: increased peripheral resistance: increased proximal tubule absorption
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25
50
100
125
250
500
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Increased secretion of potassium in the thick acending limb
Decreased potassium absorption in the proximal tubule
Decreased aldosterone ‐ stimulated potassium secretion in the distal tubule
Increased flow ‐ dependent potassium secretion in the distal tubule and collecting duct
Decreased ADH ‐ stimulated potassium secretion
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Increased hydrostatic pressure and reduced oncotic pressure
Increased hydrostatic pressure and increased oncotic pressure
Decreased hydrostatic pressure and decreased oncotic pressure
Decreased hydrostatic pressure and increased oncotic pressure
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Higher
Lower
Unchanged
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..NO CHANGE.............DEC .............DEC
..DEC .............. DEC ............. NO CHANGE
..DEC .............. NO CHANGE ........ DEC
..INC ............. NO CHANGE .........NO CHANGE
..INC ............. INC .............. NO CHANGE
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D
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