Cells: Discovery And Exploration

Robert Hooke is the correct answer because he was the English scientist who first described the box-like structures he observed in thin slices of cork as "cells". This observation, made in the 17th century, laid the foundation for the cell theory and our understanding of cells as the basic building blocks of life.

Rudolf Virchow extended the Cell Theory by stating that new cells are produced from existing cells. This means that cells do not arise spontaneously but instead come from pre-existing cells. This concept is a fundamental principle in biology and is supported by extensive scientific evidence. Therefore, the statement is true.

Robert Brown, a Scottish botanist, called the cellular structure that he observed in each cell the nucleus.

The resolving power of a microscope refers to its ability to distinguish two closely spaced objects as separate entities. In this case, the statement suggests that the resolving power of a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is greater than that of a Light Microscope (LM). This is because the wavelength of electrons used in a TEM is much shorter than the wavelength of visible light used in an LM, allowing for higher resolution and the ability to observe smaller details in the sample. Therefore, the statement is true.

To convert from micrometers to nanometers, we multiply by 1000 because there are 1000 nanometers in 1 micrometer. Therefore, 0.1 micrometer is equal to 100 nanometers.

The question states that the objective lens has a magnification of 5 and the ocular lens has a magnification of 10. To calculate the total magnification, we multiply the magnification of the objective lens by the magnification of the ocular lens. In this case, 5 multiplied by 10 equals 50, not 15. Therefore, the statement that the magnification obtained would be 15 is false.

The given statement is false. A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) was not used to capture the image.

When you increase the magnification, your field of view gets smaller. This means that you are able to see less of the overall scene or object you are looking at. Increasing the magnification zooms in on a smaller portion of the image, allowing you to see more details but sacrificing the ability to see the entire picture.

Phase contrast microscopy is a type of light microscopy that allows the visualization of transparent, unstained specimens. It enhances the contrast between the specimen and its surroundings by manipulating the phase of light passing through different parts of the specimen. This technique is particularly useful for observing living cells, such as the paramecium shown in the figure, as it allows for detailed examination of their internal structures and movements without the need for staining.

Differential interference contrast microscopes would be used to observe the given image. These microscopes use polarized light to create contrast in the specimen, making it easier to observe details and structures that may not be visible with other types of microscopy. This technique enhances the differences in refractive index and thickness of different parts of the specimen, resulting in a clearer and more detailed image.