Cell Quiz 6th Grade

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like, semi-fluid substance found within the cell membrane (plasma membrane). It fills the interior of the cell and surrounds the cell's organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and more. Cytoplasm is where many cellular processes take place, including metabolic reactions and the transport of nutrients and waste products within the cell. It provides a medium for various cellular components to move and interact, making it a crucial part of cell function and structure.

The organelle responsible for making proteins in a cell is the ribosome. Ribosomes are cellular structures composed of RNA and proteins. They play a crucial role in protein synthesis by reading the genetic information encoded in mRNA (messenger RNA) and facilitating the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which eventually forms a functional protein. Ribosomes can be found in both the cytoplasm (free ribosomes) and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (rough endoplasmic reticulum), depending on the destination of the synthesized proteins.

A plant cell has a cell wall, which is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection to the cell. Animal cells, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall. Instead, they have a cell membrane, which is a flexible barrier that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. While both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, only plant cells have a cell wall.

The vacuole is an organelle that contains water and dissolved minerals. It is a membrane-bound structure found in plant and fungal cells. The primary function of the vacuole is to store water and maintain turgor pressure, which helps support the cell structure. Additionally, the vacuole also plays a role in storing and regulating various ions, nutrients, and waste products. Therefore, the vacuole is the correct answer to the question.

The nuclear membrane holds the nucleus together. It is a double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm. This membrane acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the nucleus. It also provides structural support and helps maintain the shape of the nucleus. Without the nuclear membrane, the nucleus would not be able to function properly and would not be protected from the surrounding cellular environment.

Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they are the primary site of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production. ATP is the main energy currency of cells, and its synthesis within mitochondria is crucial for various cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and protein synthesis.