Cell Division 7th Grade Quiz Questions

A male reproductive cell is called a sperm. Sperm is produced through a process called meiosis, which is a type of cell division that results in four haploid cells. Sperm cells are responsible for fertilizing the female egg during sexual reproduction.

Cell division is a fundamental process that occurs in all living things. It is the process by which cells reproduce and multiply, allowing growth, development, and repair of tissues in organisms. While it is true that cell division occurs in mammals, it is not limited to them. Cell division also occurs in other organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled organisms. Therefore, the correct answer is that cell division occurs in all living things.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the chemical that contains information for an organism's growth and functions. It is found in the nucleus of cells and carries the genetic instructions that determine an organism's traits and characteristics. DNA is responsible for the transmission of hereditary information from one generation to the next and plays a crucial role in the development and functioning of all living organisms.

The correct order of the cell cycle is interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. During interphase, the cell prepares for division by growing, replicating its DNA, and synthesizing new organelles. Prophase is the first stage of mitosis, where the chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Metaphase is the stage where the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell. Anaphase follows, where the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Finally, telophase occurs, where the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes decondense.

A haploid cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell because haploid cells have only one set of chromosomes, while the parent cell is diploid and has two sets of chromosomes. This is due to the process of meiosis, which halves the number of chromosomes during cell division.

In metaphase, the chromosomes align themselves along the center of the cell, forming a single line called the metaphase plate. This alignment is crucial for the proper distribution of chromosomes during cell division. The cell in the lighted circle appears to be in metaphase because the chromosomes have lined up in the center of the cell, indicating that they are in the process of being separated and distributed to the daughter cells.

Meiosis refers to sexual reproduction. In this type of reproduction, specialized cells called gametes are produced through a process of cell division. These gametes, which include sperm and eggs, have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells. During fertilization, two gametes combine to form a new individual with a unique combination of genetic material. Meiosis helps in increasing genetic diversity and is essential for the survival and evolution of sexually reproducing organisms.

The given question describes a cell in which the chromosomes are being pulled apart from their duplicates. This process is characteristic of anaphase, which is the stage of cell division where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. In anaphase, the chromosomes are visibly being pulled apart, indicating that this is the phase the cell is going through.

Offspring refers to the new individuals that are produced through the reproduction of one or two parents. This term is commonly used to describe the result of sexual reproduction, where genetic material from both parents combines to create a unique individual. Offspring can inherit traits from both parents, resulting in genetic diversity.

Meiosis is a special type of cell division that produces haploid cells. Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells. This process is essential for sexual reproduction as it ensures that the resulting offspring will have the correct number of chromosomes. Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in the formation of four haploid cells. These cells are genetically different from each other and from the parent cells, allowing for genetic variation and diversity in offspring.

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs in prokaryotes, specifically bacteria. During binary fission, the bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with a complete set of genetic material. This process allows bacteria to rapidly reproduce and increase their population. Unlike regeneration, which is the regrowth of lost or damaged body parts, and budding, which is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops as an outgrowth from the parent organism, binary fission is the most common and characteristic form of reproduction in bacteria.

The correct answer is that the offspring is genetically identical to its parent. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes or the fusion of genetic material from two parents. Instead, a single parent organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself through processes like binary fission or budding. This lack of genetic recombination results in offspring that have the same genetic makeup as the parent, making them genetically identical.

Interphase is the correct answer because it is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and carries out various life functions such as DNA replication, protein synthesis, and cell organelle duplication. During interphase, the cell prepares for cell division by increasing its size and gathering necessary nutrients. This phase is crucial for the cell's growth and development before it enters the next stages of mitosis or meiosis.

Cytokinesis refers to the process of dividing a parent cell's cytoplasm. This occurs after the nucleus has divided during mitosis or meiosis. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the parent cell is divided into two separate daughter cells, each containing its own set of organelles and cellular components. This process is essential for the growth and development of multicellular organisms, as it ensures that each new cell receives the necessary components to function independently.

Asexual reproduction allows for the production of many offspring quickly because it does not require the fusion of gametes from two parent cells. Instead, a single parent organism can produce offspring that are genetically identical to itself through processes such as binary fission or budding. This allows for rapid multiplication of individuals without the need for the time-consuming processes of meiosis and fertilization.